Editing Elections in Nepal (section)

== Legislative elections ==
Following the [[dissolution of parliament]] all the [[Member of parliament|Members of Parliament]] forming the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]] of the [[Parliament of Nepal|Federal Parliament of Nepal]] are elected. The term for the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]] is five years, except when dissolved earlier. When the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]] is dissolved the power of [[Parliament of Nepal|Federal Parliament]] is carried out by the [[National Assembly (Nepal)|National Assembly]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite constitution|article=84|section=8|polity=Nepal|date=20 September 2015}}</ref>

Candidates for each [[constituency]] seat are nominated by a [[List of political parties in Nepal|political party]] or stand as independents. Each constituency elects one [[Member of parliament|MP]] under the [[first past the post]] system of election. 
As well, since Nepal uses a [[parallel voting]] system, voters cast another ballot to try to elect [[Member of parliament|MPs]] through the [[party-list proportional representation]]. 
The current constitution specifies that 165 [[Member of parliament|MPs]] are elected from the [[first past the post]] system and 110 [[Member of parliament|MPs]] are elected through the [[party-list proportional representation]] system. Women should account for one third of total members elected from each party and if at least a third are not elected in the district seats, the party shall have to elect enough women to make up a third of its total number of elected members, through the [[party-list proportional representation]] portion of the election.<ref name=":0" />

A party with an overall majority (more seats than all other parties combined) following an election forms the government. If no party has an outright majority by itself, parties can seek to form a coalition that is made up of a majority of members in the chamber and can pass laws.
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Date
!Elected members
!Nominated members
!Constituencies
|-
|[[1959 Nepalese general election|1959 general election]]
|18 February 1959
|109
|0
|109
|-
|[[1971 Nepalese general election|1971 general election]]
|1971
|109
|16
|109
|-
|[[1981 Nepalese general election|1981 general election]]
|9 May 1981
|112
|28
|112
|-
|[[1986 Nepalese general election|1986 general election]]
|12 May 1986
|112
|28
|112
|-
|[[1991 Nepalese general election|1991 general election]]
|12 May 1991
|205
|0
|205
|-
|[[1994 Nepalese general election|1994 general election]]
|15 November 1994
|205
|0
|205
|-
|[[1999 Nepalese general election|1999 general election]]
|3 & 17 May 1999
|205
|0
|205
|-
|[[2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2008 Constituent Assembly election]]
|10 April 2008
|575
|26
|240
|-
|[[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013 Constituent Assembly election]]
|19 November 2013
|575
|26
|240
|-
|[[2017 Nepalese general election|2017 general election]]
|26 November and 7 December 2017
|275
|0
|165
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese general election|2022 general election]]
|20 November 2022
|275
|0
|165
|}

=== By-elections ===
Source:<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2013-11-12|title=Welcome to Election Commission of Nepal|url=http://www.election.gov.np/election/np/constituent-assembly-elections-70.html|access-date=2020-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112073248/http://www.election.gov.np/election/np/constituent-assembly-elections-70.html|archive-date=12 November 2013}}</ref>

{{Col-start}}
{{Col-2}}
* 1959 by-elections,
** Constituency 52 (Bara Mid-East)
** Constituency 70 (Thalara Doti North)
** Constituency 91 (Gulmi South-West)
* 1992 by-elections, 9 February 1992
** Sunsari 2
** [[Kathmandu 5 (constituency)#1992 by-elections|Kathmandu 5]]
* 1994 by-elections, 7 February 1994
** [[Jhapa 1 (constituency)#1994 by-election|Jhapa 1]]
** [[Kathmandu 1 (constituency)#1994 by-elections|Kathmandu 1]]
* 1997 by-elections, 24 January 1997
** Sunsari 5
** [[Kathmandu 1 (constituency)#1997 by-elections|Kathmandu 1]]
** [[Rautahat 2 (constituency)#1997 by-elections|Rautahat 2]]
** [[Rupandehi 2 (constituency)#1997 by-elections|Rupandehi 2]]
** [[Baitadi 1 (constituency)#1997 by-elections|Baitadi 1]]
* 1999 by-elections, 9 December 1999
** Jhapa 6
** [[Morang 1 (constituency)#1999 by-elections|Morang 1]]
** [[Rautahat 4 (constituency)#1997 by-elections|Rautahat 4]]
{{Col-2}}
* 2009 by-elections, 10 April 2009
** [[Morang 5 (constituency)#2009 by-elections|Morang 5]]
** Morang 7
** Dhanusha 5
** [[Kaski 1 (constituency)#2009 by-elections|Kaski 1]]
** Rolpa 2
** Kanchanpur 4
* 2014 by-elections,<ref>{{Cite web|title=CA by-elections conclude peacefully|url=https://kathmandupost.com/miscellaneous/2014/06/22/ca-by-elections-conclude-peacefully|access-date=2020-11-18|website=kathmandupost.com|language=en}}</ref> 22 June 2014
** [[Kathmandu 2 (constituency)#2014 by-elections|Kathmandu 2]]
** Chitwan 4
** [[Bardiya 1 (constituency)#2014 by-elections|Bardiya 1]]
** Kailali 6
* [[Baglung 1 (constituency)#2015 by-elections|Baglung 1]], 11 April 2015
* [[2019 Kaski–2 by-election|Kaski 2]], 30 November 2019
* 2023 by-elections, 23 April 2023
** [[2023 Bara–2 by-election|Bara 2]]
** [[2023 Chitwan–2 by-election|Chitwan 2]]
** [[2023 Tanahun–1 by-election|Tanahun 1]]
* [[2024 Ilam–2 by-election|Ilam 2]], 27 April 2024
{{Col-end}}