Editing Gemination (section)

==== Malay dialects ====
Word-initial gemination occurs in various [[Malay language|Malay]] dialects, particularly those found on the east coast of the [[Malay Peninsula]] such as [[Kelantan-Pattani Malay]] and [[Terengganu Malay]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yupho |first=Nawanit |date=6 February 1989 |title=Consonant Clusters and Stress Rules in Pattani Malay |journal=[[Mon-Khmer Studies]] |pages=129–133 |via=SEAlang}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Nawawi|first=Nazarina|date=14 January 2013|title=Kajian Dialek Trengganu|url=http://www.slideshare.net/nazarinanawawi/kajian-dialek-trengganu|access-date=7 June 2021|website=slideshare|language=ms}}</ref> Gemination in these dialects of Malay occurs for various purposes such as:

* To form a shortened free variant of a word or phrase so that:
** {{Lang|ms|buwi}} {{IPA|/buwi/}} > {{IPA|/wːi/}} 'give'
** {{Lang|ms|ke darat}} {{IPA|/kə darat/}} > {{IPA|/dːarat/}} 'to/at/from the shore'
* A replacement of [[reduplication]] for its [[Reduplication#Malay (Indonesian and Malaysian)|various uses]] (e.g. to denote plural, to form a different word, etc.) in Standard Malay so that:
** {{Lang|ms|budak-budak}} {{IPA|/budak budak/}} > {{IPA|/bːudak/}} 'children'
** {{Lang|ms|layang-layang}} {{IPA|/lajaŋ lajaŋ/}} > {{IPA|/lːajaŋ/}} 'kite'