Editing Geographical exploration (section)

===Polynesian Age===
[[File:Chronological dispersal of Austronesian people across the Pacific.svg|thumb|[[Austronesian peoples|Austronesian]] expansion map]]

[[Polynesians]] were a maritime people, who populated and explored the central and [[Oceania|south Pacific]] for around 5,000 years, up to about 1280 when they discovered [[New Zealand]]. The key invention to their exploration was the [[outrigger canoe]], which provided a swift and stable platform for carrying goods and people. Based on limited evidence, it is thought that the voyage to New Zealand was deliberate. It is unknown if one or more boats went to New Zealand, or the type of boat, or the names of those who migrated. 2011 studies at [[Wairau Bar]] in New Zealand show a high probability that one origin was Ruahine Island in the [[Society Islands]]. Polynesians may have used the prevailing north easterly [[trade winds]] to reach New Zealand in about three weeks. The Cook Islands are in direct line along the migration path and may have been an intermediate stopping point. There are cultural and language similarities between [[Cook Islanders]] and New Zealand [[Māori people|Māori]]. Early Māori had different legends of their origins, but the stories were misunderstood and reinterpreted in confused written accounts by early European historians in New Zealand trying to present a coherent pattern of Māori settlement in New Zealand.

Mathematical modelling based on DNA [[Identity by descent|genome studies]], using [[state of the art]] techniques, have shown that a large number of Polynesian migrants (100–200), including women, arrived in New Zealand around the same time, in about 1280. [[Otago University]] studies have tried to link distinctive DNA teeth patterns, which show special dietary influence, with places in or nearby the [[Society Islands]].<ref>Otago University. Wairau Bar Studies 2011. Dr L. Matisoo-Smith.</ref>