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===Practical effects=== The first suit, weighing in excess of {{convert|100|kg|abbr=on}}, consisted of a body cavity made of thin wires and bamboo wrapped in chicken wire for support and covered in fabric and cushions, which were then coated in latex. It was held together by small hooks on the back, though subsequent Godzilla suits incorporated a zipper.<ref name="godziszewski"/> Prior to 1984, most Godzilla suits were made from scratch, thus resulting in slight design changes in each film appearance.{{sfn|Kalat|2010|p=36}} The most notable changes from 1962 to 1975 were the reduction in Godzilla's number of toes and the removal of the character's external ears and prominent fangs, features which would all later be reincorporated in the Godzilla designs from ''The Return of Godzilla'' (1984) onward.{{sfn|Kalat|2010|p=160}} The most consistent Godzilla design was maintained from ''[[Godzilla vs. Biollante]]'' (1989) to ''[[Godzilla vs. Destoroyah]]'' (1995), when the suit was given a cat-like face and double rows of teeth.{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|p=254-257}} Several suit actors had difficulties in performing as Godzilla due to the suits' weight, lack of ventilation and diminished visibility.<ref name="godziszewski"/> [[Haruo Nakajima]], who portrayed Godzilla from 1954 to 1972, said the materials used to make the 1954 suit (rubber, plastic, cotton, and latex) were hard to find after [[World War II]]. The suit weighed 100 kilograms after its completion and required two men to help Nakajima put it on. When he first put it on, he sweated so heavily that his shirt was soaked within seconds.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/02/world/asia/japan-films-shed-rubber-suits-godzilla-roars.html|title=Rubber Suit Monsters Fade! Tiny Tokyos Relax!|first=Martin |last=Fackler |date=September 1, 2013|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=January 23, 2022}}</ref> [[Kenpachiro Satsuma]] in particular, who portrayed Godzilla from 1984 to 1995, described how the Godzilla suits he wore were even heavier and hotter than their predecessors because of the incorporation of animatronics.<ref name="clements2010">Clements, J. (2010), ''Schoolgirl Milky Crisis: Adventures in the Anime and Manga Trade'', A-Net Digital LLC, pp. 117β118, {{ISBN|0984593748}}</ref> Satsuma himself suffered numerous medical issues during his tenure, including [[oxygen deprivation]], near-drowning, concussions, electric shocks and lacerations to the legs from the suits' steel wire reinforcements wearing through the rubber padding.{{sfn|Kalat|2010|p=258}} The ventilation problem was partially solved in the suit used in 1994's ''[[Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla]]'', which was the first to include an air duct that allowed suit actors to last longer during performances.{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|p=298}} In ''[[Godzilla (1998 film)|Godzilla]]'' (1998), several scenes had the monster portrayed by stuntmen in suits similar to those used in the Toho films, with the actors' heads being located in the monster's neck region and the facial movements controlled via animatronics. However, because of the creature's horizontal posture, the stuntmen had to wear metal leg extenders, which allowed them to stand {{convert|6|ft|m|0|order=flip|spell=on}} off the ground with their feet bent forward.{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|p=337-339}} Kurt Carley performed the suitmation sequences for the adult Godzilla.<ref name="kc"/> In ''The Return of Godzilla'' (1984), some scenes made use of a 16-foot high robotic Godzilla (dubbed the "Cybot Godzilla") for use in close-up shots of the creature's head. The Cybot Godzilla consisted of a [[Hydraulics|hydraulically powered]] mechanical endoskeleton covered in [[Polyurethane|urethane]] skin containing 3,000 computer operated parts which permitted it to tilt its head and move its lips and arms.{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|p=232}} For ''[[Godzilla (1998 film)|Godzilla]]'' (1998), the film's special effects crew built a {{frac|1|6}} scale animatronic Godzilla for close-up scenes, whose size outmatched that of [[Stan Winston]]'s "[[Rexy]]" in ''[[Jurassic Park (film)|Jurassic Park]]''.{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|p=337-339}}
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