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===LulzSec=== {{Main|LulzSec}} In May 2011, five members of Anonymous formed the hacktivist group [[LulzSec|Lulz Security]], otherwise known as LulzSec. LulzSec's name originated from the conjunction of the internet slang term "lulz", meaning laughs, and "sec", meaning security.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/may/16/lulzsec-hacking-fbi-jail|title=LulzSec: what they did, who they were and how they were caught|last=Arthur|first=Charles|date=2013-05-16|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-10-20|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014142622/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/may/16/lulzsec-hacking-fbi-jail|archive-date=2016-10-14}}</ref> The group members used specific handles to identify themselves on Internet Relay Channels, the most notable being: "Sabu," "Kayla," "T-Flow," "Topiary," "AVUnit," and "Pwnsauce." Though the members of LulzSec would spend up to 20 hours a day in communication, they did not know one another personally, nor did they share personal information. For example, once the members' identities were revealed, "T-Flow" was revealed to be 15 years old. Other members, on the basis of his advanced coding ability, thought he was around 30 years old.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/lulzsec-reunited-anonymous-hackers-meet-first-time-real-life-1467870|title=LulzSec Reunited: Anonymous Hackers Meet for the First Time in Real Life|last=Gilbert|first=David|date=2014-09-30|newspaper=International Business Times UK|access-date=2016-10-21|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924184722/http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/lulzsec-reunited-anonymous-hackers-meet-first-time-real-life-1467870|archive-date=2016-09-24}}</ref> One of the first notable targets that LulzSec pursued was [[HBGary]], which was performed in response to a claim made by the technology security company that it had identified members of Anonymous. Following this, the members of LulzSec targeted an array of companies and entities, including but not limited to: [[Fox Television Network|Fox Television]], [[Tribune Media|Tribune Company]], [[PBS]], [[Sony]], [[Nintendo]], and the [[Senate.gov]] website. The targeting of these entities typically involved gaining access to and downloading confidential user information, or defacing the website at hand.<ref>United States of America v. Hector Monsegur. Southern District Court of New York. 23 May 2014. ''Cryptome.org''. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2016.</ref> LulzSec while not as strongly political as those typical of WikiLeaks or Anonymous, they shared similar sentiments for the freedom of information. One of their distinctly politically driven attacks involved targeting the Arizona State Police in response to new immigration laws.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-22526021|title=Former Lulzsec hacker Jake Davis on his motivations|last=Watts|first=Susan|date=2013-05-16|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-10-21|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182301/http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-22526021|archive-date=2016-11-19}}</ref> The group's first attack that garnered significant government attention was in 2011, when they collectively took down a website of the FBI. Following the incident, the leader of LulzSec, "Sabu," was identified as [[Hector Monsegur|Hector Xavier Monsegur]] by the FBI, and he was the first of the group to be arrested. Immediately following his arrest, Monsegur admitted to criminal activity. He then began his cooperation with the US government, helping FBI authorities to arrest 8 of his co-conspirators, prevent 300 potential cyber attacks, and helped to identify vulnerabilities in existing computer systems. In August 2011, Monsegur pleaded guilty to "computer hacking conspiracy, computer hacking, computer hacking in furtherance of fraud, conspiracy to commit access device fraud, conspiracy to commit bank fraud, and aggravated [[identity theft]] pursuant to a cooperation agreement with the government." He served a total of one year and seven months and was charged a $1,200 fine.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/newyork/news/press-releases/leading-member-of-the-international-cyber-criminal-group-lulzsec-sentenced-in-manhattan-federal-court|title=Leading Member of the International Cyber Criminal Group LulzSec Sentenced in Manhattan Federal Court|website=Federal Bureau of Investigation|language=en-us|access-date=2016-10-21|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182337/https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/newyork/news/press-releases/leading-member-of-the-international-cyber-criminal-group-lulzsec-sentenced-in-manhattan-federal-court|archive-date=2016-11-19}}</ref>
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