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Handwriting recognition
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===Software=== Early software could understand print handwriting where the characters were separated; however, cursive handwriting with connected characters presented [[Sayre's paradox|Sayre's Paradox]], a difficulty involving character segmentation. In 1962 [[Guberman Shelia (Shelija)|Shelia Guberman]], then in Moscow, wrote the first applied pattern recognition program.<ref>Guberman is the inventor of the handwriting recognition technology used today by Microsoft in Windows CE. Source: [https://www.iqt.org/in-q-tel-invests-in-pixlogic/ In-Q-Tel communication, June 3, 2003]</ref> Commercial examples came from companies such as Communications Intelligence Corporation and IBM. In the early 1990s, two companies – ParaGraph International and Lexicus – came up with systems that could understand cursive handwriting recognition. ParaGraph was based in Russia and founded by computer scientist [[Stepan Pachikov]] while Lexicus was founded by [[Ronjon Nag]] and Chris Kortge who were students at Stanford University. The ParaGraph CalliGrapher system was deployed in the Apple Newton systems, and Lexicus Longhand system was made available commercially for the PenPoint and Windows operating system. Lexicus was acquired by Motorola in 1993 and went on to develop Chinese handwriting recognition and [[predictive text]] systems for Motorola. ParaGraph was acquired in 1997 by SGI and its handwriting recognition team formed a P&I division, later acquired from SGI by [[Vadem]]. Microsoft has acquired CalliGrapher handwriting recognition and other digital ink technologies developed by P&I from Vadem in 1999. Wolfram Mathematica (8.0 or later) also provides a handwriting or text recognition function TextRecognize.
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