Editing Hashimoto's thyroiditis (section)

==== Immune-related genes ====
[[IFN-γ]] promotes cell-mediated [[cytotoxicity]] against thyroid mutations causing increased production of IFN-γ were associated with the severity of hypothyroidism.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ito C, Watanabe M, Okuda N, Watanabe C, Iwatani Y | title = Association between the severity of Hashimoto's disease and the functional +874A/T polymorphism in the interferon-gamma gene | journal = Endocrine Journal | volume = 53 | issue = 4 | pages = 473–478 | date = August 2006 | pmid = 16820703 | doi = 10.1507/endocrj.k06-015 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Severe hypothyroidism is associated with mutations leading to lower production of [[Interleukin 4|IL-4]] (Th2 cytokine suppressing cell-mediated autoimmunity),<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nanba T, Watanabe M, Akamizu T, Iwatani Y | title = The -590CC genotype in the IL4 gene as a strong predictive factor for the development of hypothyroidism in Hashimoto disease | journal = Clinical Chemistry | volume = 54 | issue = 3 | pages = 621–623 | date = March 2008 | pmid = 18310157 | doi = 10.1373/clinchem.2007.099739 | doi-access =  }}</ref> lower secretion of [[TGF-β]] (inhibitor of [[cytokine]] production),<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yamada H, Watanabe M, Nanba T, Akamizu T, Iwatani Y | title = The +869T/C polymorphism in the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene is associated with the severity and intractability of autoimmune thyroid disease | journal = Clinical and Experimental Immunology | volume = 151 | issue = 3 | pages = 379–382 | date = March 2008 | pmid = 18190611 | pmc = 2276968 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03575.x }}</ref> and mutations of [[FOXP3]], an essential regulatory factor for the [[regulatory T cells]] (Tregs) development.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Inoue N, Watanabe M, Morita M, Tomizawa R, Akamizu T, Tatsumi K, Hidaka Y, Iwatani Y | title = Association of functional polymorphisms related to the transcriptional level of FOXP3 with prognosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases | journal = Clinical and Experimental Immunology | volume = 162 | issue = 3 | pages = 402–406 | date = December 2010 | pmid = 20942809 | pmc = 3026543 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04229.x }}</ref> Development of Hashimoto's disease was associated with mutation of the gene for [[TNF-α]] (stimulator of the IFN-γ production), causing its higher concentration.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Inoue N, Watanabe M, Nanba T, Wada M, Akamizu T, Iwatani Y | title = Involvement of functional polymorphisms in the TNFA gene in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases and production of anti-thyrotropin receptor antibody | journal = Clinical and Experimental Immunology | volume = 156 | issue = 2 | pages = 199–204 | date = May 2009 | pmid = 19250279 | pmc = 2759465 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03884.x }}</ref>