Editing Heat pipe (section)

=== Oscillating or pulsating ===

An oscillating heat pipe (OHP), also known as a pulsating heat pipe (PHP), is only partially filled with liquid working fluid. The pipe is arranged in a serpentine pattern in which freely moving liquid and vapor segments alternate.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.electronics-cooling.com/2003/05/an-introduction-to-pulsating-heat-pipes/ | title=An Introduction to Pulsating Heat Pipes|website=Electronics Cooling| date=May 2003}}</ref> Oscillation takes place in the working fluid; the pipe remains motionless. These have been investigated for many applications, including cooling photovoltaic panels,<ref name="r018">{{cite journal | last1=Alhuyi Nazari | first1=Mohammad | last2=Ahmadi | first2=Mohammad H. | last3=Ghasempour | first3=Roghayeh | last4=Shafii | first4=Mohammad Behshad | last5=Mahian | first5=Omid | last6=Kalogirou | first6=Soteris | last7=Wongwises | first7=Somchai | title=A review on pulsating heat pipes: From solar to cryogenic applications | journal=Applied Energy | volume=222 | date=2018 | doi=10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.04.020 | pages=475–484| bibcode=2018ApEn..222..475A }}</ref> cooling electronic devices,<ref name="PCPpipeElec">{{cite journal | last1=Behi | first1=Hamidreza | last2=Ghanbarpour | first2=Morteza | last3=Behi | first3=Mohammadreza | title=Investigation of PCM-assisted heat pipe for electronic cooling | journal=Applied Thermal Engineering | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=127 | year=2017 | issn=1359-4311 | doi=10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.08.109 | pages=1132–1142| bibcode=2017AppTE.127.1132B }}</ref> heat recovery systems, fuel cell systems,<ref name="g453">{{cite journal | last1=Oro | first1=Marcos Vinício | last2=Bazzo | first2=Edson | title=Flat heat pipes for potential application in fuel cell cooling | journal=Applied Thermal Engineering | volume=90 | date=2015 | doi=10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.07.055 | pages=848–857| bibcode=2015AppTE..90..848O }}</ref><ref name="a705">{{cite book | last=Vasiliev | first=L. | title=Mini-Micro Fuel Cells | chapter=Heat Pipes in Fuel Cell Technology | series=NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security | publisher=Springer Netherlands | publication-place=Dordrecht | date=2008 | isbn=978-1-4020-8293-1 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-8295-5_8 | pages=117–124}}</ref> HVAC systems,<ref name="r822">{{cite journal | last1=Nethaji | first1=N. | last2=Mohideen | first2=S. Tharves | title=Energy conservation studies on a split airconditioner using loop heat pipes | journal=Energy and Buildings | volume=155 | date=2017 | doi=10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.09.024 | pages=215–224| bibcode=2017EneBu.155..215N }}</ref> and desalination.<ref name="PCPPHPdesal">{{cite journal | last1=Khalilmoghadam | first1=Pooria | last2=Kiyaee | first2=Soroush | last3=Rajabi-Ghahnavieh | first3=Abbas | last4=Warsinger | first4=David M. | last5=Behshad Shafii | first5=Mohammad | title=An improved passive solar still integrated with pulsating heat pipes and phase change materials | journal=Solar Energy | volume=275 | date=2024 | doi=10.1016/j.solener.2024.112612 | page=112612| bibcode=2024SoEn..27512612K }}</ref> PHPs can be combined with [[phase change material]]s.<ref name=PCPpipeElec /><ref name=PCPPHPdesal />