Editing Human behavior (section)

=== Work ===
{{Main|Work (human activity)}}
[[File:Boskapsskötsel i ladugården. Kvinna sitter och mjölkar en mager ko medan barfota flicka mockar - Nordiska museet - NMA.0036603.jpg|thumb|Women tending to farm animals in Mangskogs, Sweden (1911)]]
The nature of human work is defined by the complexity of society. The simplest societies are [[tribe]]s that work primarily for sustenance as [[hunter-gatherer]]s. In this sense, work is not a distinct activity but a constant that makes up all parts of life, as all members of the society must work consistently to stay alive.

More advanced societies developed after the Neolithic Revolution, emphasizing work in agricultural and [[Pastoralism|pastoral]] settings. In these societies, production is increased, ending the need for constant work and allowing some individuals to specialize and work in areas outside of food-production. This also created non-laborious work, as increasing occupational complexity required some individuals to specialize in technical knowledge and administration.{{Sfn|Neff|1985|pp=24–33}} Laborious work in these societies has variously been carried out by slaves, serfs, peasants, and guild craftsmen.

The nature of work changed significantly during the [[Industrial Revolution]] in which the [[factory system]] was developed for use by industrializing nations. In addition to further increasing general quality of life, this development changed the dynamic of work. Under the factory system, workers increasingly collaborate with others, employers serve as authority figures during work hours, and forced labor is largely eradicated. Further changes occur in [[Post-industrial society|post-industrial societies]] where technological advance makes industries obsolete, replacing them with [[mass production]] and [[service industries]].{{Sfn|Neff|1985|pp=41–46}}

Humans approach work differently based on both physical and personal attributes, and some work with more effectiveness and commitment than others. Some find work to contribute to personal fulfillment, while others work only out of necessity.{{Sfn|Neff|1985|p=2}} Work can also serve as an identity, with individuals identifying themselves based on their occupation. [[Work motivation]] is complex, both contributing to and subtracting from various human needs. The primary [[motivation]] for work is for material gain, which takes the form of [[money]] in modern societies. It may also serve to create self-esteem and personal worth, provide activity, gain respect, and express creativity.{{Sfn|Neff|1985|pp=142–153}} Modern work is typically categorized as laborious or [[Blue-collar worker|blue-collar work]] and non-laborious or [[White-collar worker|white-collar work]].{{Sfn|Neff|1985|pp=79–80}}