Editing Inca road system (section)

===Inca Empire era===
[[File:Map_of_Wari_and_Tiawaku.svg|thumb|right|upright]]
[[File:Ingapirca Inca Road segment.jpg|thumb|A preserved segment of Inca road in [[Ingapirca]], Ecuador]]
Much of the system was the result of the Incas claiming exclusive right over numerous traditional routes, some of which had been constructed centuries earlier, mostly by the [[Wari empire]] in the central highlands of Peru and the Tiwanaku culture. This latter had developed around Lake Titicaca, in the current territories of Peru and Bolivia, between the 6th and 12th centuries CE, and had set up a complex and advanced civilization. Many new sections of the road were built or upgraded substantially by the Incas: the one through Chile's Atacama desert and the one along the western margin of Lake Titicaca serve as two examples.<ref name="D'Altroy2002a"/>{{rp|242}}<ref name="D'Altroy1992">{{cite book| last=D'Altroy|first=Terence N.|title=Provincial Power in the Inka Empire|year=1992|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|isbn=1-56098-115-6}}</ref>{{rp|97}}

The reign of the Incas originated during the Late Intermediate period (between 1000 CE and 1450 CE), when this group dominated only the region of Cusco.<ref>Del Busto Duthurburu, José Antonio (2000). Una cronología aproximada del Tahuantinsuyo - Biblioteca Digital Andina - Lima, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú</ref><ref name="rosto2015">Rostworowski María (2015). Los Incas - Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos</ref> Inca [[Pachacuti|Pachakutiq]]<ref name="guia"/> began the transformation and expansion of what decades later would become the Tawantinsuyu.<ref>Martins, Denise; Weber Elizabeth (2004). O Urbanismo Incaico: As llactas e a construçâo do Tahuantinsuyo - Disciplinarum Scientia. Ciências Humanas - Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul</ref>
The historical stage of the Empire begun around 1438 when, having settled the disputes with local populations around Cusco, the Incas started the conquest of the coastal valleys from [[Nazca|Nasca]] to Pachacamac and the other regions of Chinchaysuyu.<ref name="guia"/> Their strategy involved modifying or constructing a road structure that would ensure the connection of the incorporated territory with Cusco and with other administrative centers, allowing the displacement of troops and officials.<ref name="rosto2015"/> The Incas' military advance was based mostly on diplomatic deals before the annexation of the new regions and the consolidation of the dominion, considering war as a last resort. The foundation of cities and administrative centers connected by the road system ensured state control of the new incorporated ethnic groups. [[Topa Inca Yupanqui]] succeeded to Pachakutiq, and conquered the [[Chimú culture|Chimu]] reaching the far north region of [[Quito]] around 1463; later he extended the conquests to the jungle region of [[Charcas Province|Charcas]] and, in the south, to Chile.<ref name="rosto2015"/>