Editing Intel (section)

===Security and manufacturing challenges (2016–2021)===
Intel continued its [[Tick–tock model|tick-tock]] model of a microarchitecture change followed by a die shrink until the 6th-generation Core family based on the [[Skylake (microarchitecture)|Skylake]] microarchitecture. This model was deprecated in 2016, with the release of the 7th-generation Core family (codenamed [[Kaby Lake]]), ushering in the [[process–architecture–optimization model]]. As Intel struggled to shrink their process node from [[14 nm process|14 nm]] to [[10 nm process|10 nm]], processor development slowed down and the company continued to use the Skylake microarchitecture until 2020, albeit with optimizations.<ref name=":4" />

====10 nm process node issues====
While Intel originally planned to introduce 10&nbsp;nm products in 2016, it later became apparent that there were manufacturing issues with the node.<ref>{{cite web|last=Cutress|first=Ian|title=Intel's 10nm Cannon Lake and Core i3-8121U Deep Dive Review|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/13405/intel-10nm-cannon-lake-and-core-i3-8121u-deep-dive-review|access-date=April 7, 2021|website=www.anandtech.com|archive-date=January 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129182035/https://www.anandtech.com/show/13405/intel-10nm-cannon-lake-and-core-i3-8121u-deep-dive-review|url-status=live}}</ref> The first microprocessor under that node, [[Cannon Lake (microarchitecture)|Cannon Lake]] (marketed as 8th-generation Core), was released in small quantities in 2018.<ref name="Cutress">{{cite news|last=Cutress|first=Ian|title=Intel Mentions 10nm, Briefly|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/12271/intel-mentions-10nm-briefly|access-date=January 10, 2018|archive-date=January 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110014405/https://www.anandtech.com/show/12271/intel-mentions-10nm-briefly|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Intel discontinues Cannon Lake NUC">{{cite news|title=Intel discontinues Cannon Lake NUC|language=en|work=Tom's Hardware|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-fires-10nm-cannon-lake-nuc-into-oblivion|access-date=November 11, 2019|archive-date=February 8, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240208100501/https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-fires-10nm-cannon-lake-nuc-into-oblivion|url-status=live}}</ref> The company first delayed the mass production of their 10&nbsp;nm products to 2017.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bright|first=Peter|date=July 15, 2015|title=Intel confirms tick-tock-shattering Kaby Lake processor as Moore's Law falters|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/07/intel-confirms-tick-tock-shattering-kaby-lake-processor-as-moores-law-falters/|access-date=July 27, 2016|publisher=Ars Technica|archive-date=July 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716010013/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/07/intel-confirms-tick-tock-shattering-kaby-lake-processor-as-moores-law-falters/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Shilov|first=Anton|title=Intel Delays Mass Production of 10 nm CPUs to 2019|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/12693/intel-delays-mass-production-of-10-nm-cpus-to-2019|access-date=April 7, 2021|website=www.anandtech.com|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035733/https://www.anandtech.com/show/12693/intel-delays-mass-production-of-10-nm-cpus-to-2019|url-status=live}}</ref> They later delayed mass production to 2018,<ref>{{cite web|last=Eassa|first=Ashraf|date=April 29, 2018|title=Intel Corp. Delays 10nm Chip Production|url=https://www.fool.com/investing/2018/04/29/intel-corp-delays-10nm-chip-production.aspx|access-date=April 7, 2021|website=The Motley Fool|language=en|archive-date=March 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326185419/https://www.fool.com/investing/2018/04/29/intel-corp-delays-10nm-chip-production.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> and then to 2019. Despite rumors of the process being cancelled,<ref>{{cite web|date=October 22, 2018|title=Intel kills off the 10nm process|url=https://www.semiaccurate.com/2018/10/22/intel-kills-off-the-10nm-process/|access-date=September 6, 2024|website=SemiAccurate|language=en-US}}</ref> Intel finally introduced mass-produced 10&nbsp;nm 10th-generation Intel Core mobile processors (codenamed "[[Ice Lake (microprocessor)|Ice Lake]]") in September 2019.<ref>{{cite web|date=January 21, 2016|title=Intel teases its Ice Lake & Tiger Lake family, 10nm for 2018 and 2019|url=http://www.tweaktown.com/news/49816/intel-teases-ice-lake-tiger-family-10nm-2018-2019/index.html|access-date=June 3, 2016|website=Tweaktown.com|archive-date=August 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801203326/https://www.tweaktown.com/news/49816/intel-teases-ice-lake-tiger-family-10nm-2018-2019/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Intel later acknowledged that their strategy to shrink to 10&nbsp;nm was too aggressive.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{cite web|last=Oregonian/OregonLive|first=Mike Rogoway {{!}} The|date=May 3, 2018|title=Intel hits a wall on Moore's Law|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/silicon-forest/2018/05/intel_hits_a_wall_on_moores_la.html|access-date=April 7, 2021|website=oregonlive|language=en|archive-date=June 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614025303/https://www.oregonlive.com/silicon-forest/2018/05/intel_hits_a_wall_on_moores_la.html|url-status=live}}</ref> While other foundries used up to four steps in 10&nbsp;nm or 7&nbsp;nm processes, the company's 10&nbsp;nm process required up to five or six multi-pattern steps.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jenkins|first=Chris|date=May 7, 2018|title=Intel Foundries Continue to Face Issues and Another Spectre-Like Vulnerability Disclosure May Be Looming|url=https://www.macrumors.com/2018/05/07/intel-foundry-and-vulnerability-issues/|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=[[MacRumors]]|archive-date=April 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423002711/https://www.macrumors.com/2018/05/07/intel-foundry-and-vulnerability-issues/|url-status=live}}</ref> In addition, Intel's 10&nbsp;nm process is denser than its counterpart processes from other foundries.<ref>{{cite web|date=March 12, 2018|title=Life at 10nm. (Or is it 7nm?) And 3nm – Views on Advanced Silicon Platforms|url=https://www.eejournal.com/article/life-at-10nm-or-is-it-7nm-and-3nm/|website=eejournal.com|access-date=April 8, 2021|archive-date=July 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709064439/https://www.eejournal.com/article/life-at-10nm-or-is-it-7nm-and-3nm/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Intel 10nm density is 2.7X improved over its 14nm node|language=en-GB|work=HEXUS|url=https://hexus.net/tech/news/cpu/119699-intel-10nm-density-27x-improved-14nm-node/|access-date=November 14, 2018|archive-date=August 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815155834/https://hexus.net/tech/news/cpu/119699-intel-10nm-density-27x-improved-14nm-node/|url-status=live}}</ref> Since Intel's microarchitecture and process node development were coupled, processor development stagnated.<ref name=":4" />

====Security flaws====
{{Excerpt|Speculative execution CPU vulnerabilities}} In early January 2018, it was reported that all [[Intel CPUs|Intel processors]] made since 1995<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2018-01-04/intel-chip-flaw-a-security-threat/9303280|title=Processor vulnerabilities could leave most computers open to hackers|first=Ariel|last=Bogle|newspaper=ABC News|date=January 4, 2018|access-date=January 4, 2018|archive-date=January 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105012827/http://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2018-01-04/intel-chip-flaw-a-security-threat/9303280|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="telegraph2018flaw">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2018/01/03/fix-critical-intel-chip-flaw-will-slow-millions-computers/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2018/01/03/fix-critical-intel-chip-flaw-will-slow-millions-computers/ |archive-date=January 10, 2022 |url-status=live|url-access=subscription |title=Fix for critical Intel chip flaw will slow down millions of computers|website=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|first=Margi|last=Murphy|date=January 3, 2018|publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group]]|access-date=January 3, 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> (besides [[Intel Itanium]] and pre-2013 [[Intel Atom]]) had been subject to two security flaws dubbed [[Meltdown (security vulnerability)|Meltdown]] and Spectre.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/01/03/kernel-panic-what-are-meltdown-and-spectre-the-bugs-affecting-nearly-every-computer-and-device/|title=Kernel panic! What are Meltdown and Spectre, the bugs affecting nearly every computer and device?|first=Devin|last=Coldewey|date=January 4, 2018|access-date=January 4, 2018|archive-date=January 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104022457/https://techcrunch.com/2018/01/03/kernel-panic-what-are-meltdown-and-spectre-the-bugs-affecting-nearly-every-computer-and-device/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="wiredflaw">{{cite journal|url=https://www.wired.com/story/critical-intel-flaw-breaks-basic-security-for-most-computers/|title=A Critical Intel Flaw Breaks Basic Security for Most Computers|journal=[[Wired (website)|Wired]]|access-date=January 4, 2018|last1=Greenberg|first1=Andy|archive-date=January 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103204011/https://www.wired.com/story/critical-intel-flaw-breaks-basic-security-for-most-computers/|url-status=live}}</ref>