Editing Intrapersonal communication (section)

==== Examples of specific forms of self-talk and their effects ====
Different forms of self-talk can have different effects on the person. One form is coping self-talk. Its main aim is to help a person cope with a difficult situation, such as when experiencing anxiety. It consists in emphasizing the person's strengths and skills without implying perfection. This can help people calm down and become clear on their goals and how to realistically achieve them.{{sfn|Flessner|Piacentini|2019|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=nI15DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA152 152]}}{{sfn|Nelson-Jones|2008|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=tMZEqSZ1B_oC&pg=PA23 23–24]}} Another relevant form is instructional self-talk, which focuses attention on the components of a task and can improve performance on physical tasks that are being learned.{{sfn|Tod|Hardy|Oliver|2011|pp=666–687}}{{sfn|Hatzigeorgiadis|Zourbanos|Galanis|Theordorakis|2011|pp=348–356}} However, it may have negative effects for people who are already skilled in the task.{{sfn|Beilock|Carr|McMahon|Starkes|2002|pp=6–16}}

Some forms of self-talk address the self by employing [[Personal_pronoun#Person_and_number|first-person pronouns]] ("I") while others use second-person pronouns ("you"). Generally speaking, people are more likely to use the second-person pronoun when there is a need for self-regulation, an imperative to overcome difficulties, and facilitation of hard actions.{{sfn|Gammage|Hardy|Hall|2001|pp=233–247}}{{sfn|Zell|Warriner|Albarracín|2012|pp=549–555}} The use of first-person intrapersonal pronouns is more frequent when people are talking to themselves about their feelings.{{sfn|Oliver|Markland|Hardy|Petherick|2008|pp=200–212}} A 2014 study by Sanda Dolcos and Dolores Albarracin indicates that using the second-person pronoun to provide [[self-suggestion]]s is more effective in promoting the intentions to carry out behaviors and performances.{{sfn|Dolcos|Albarracin|2014|pp=636–642}}