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Magic square
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===Luo Shu magic square=== {{main|Lo Shu Square}} Legends dating from as early as 650 BCE tell the story of the [[Lo Shu]] (ζ΄ζΈ) or "scroll of the river Lo".<ref name="Swetz2008">{{cite book| first = Frank J. | last = Swetz| title= The Legacy of the Luoshu | publisher = A.K. Peters/CRC Press | date=2008 | edition= 2nd}}</ref> According to the legend, there was at one time in [[History of China#Ancient China|ancient China]] a huge flood. While the [[Yu the Great|great king Yu]] was trying to channel the water out to sea, a [[turtle]] emerged from it with a curious pattern on its shell: a 3Γ3 grid in which circular dots of numbers were arranged, such that the sum of the numbers in each row, column and diagonal was the same: 15. According to the legend, thereafter people were able to use this pattern in a certain way to control the river and protect themselves from floods{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}. The [[Lo Shu Square]], as the magic square on the turtle shell is called, is the unique normal magic square of order three in which 1 is at the bottom and 2 is in the upper right corner. Every normal magic square of order three is obtained from the Lo Shu by rotation or reflection.
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