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Nootropic
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==Herbs== * ''[[Centella asiatica]]''{{snd}} A 2017 meta-analysis showed no significant improvement in cognitive function.<ref name="pmid28878245">{{cite journal | vauthors = Puttarak P, Dilokthornsakul P, Saokaew S, Dhippayom T, Kongkaew C, Sruamsiri R, Chuthaputti A, Chaiyakunapruk N | title = Effects of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. on cognitive function and mood related outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 10646 | date = September 2017 | pmid = 28878245 | pmc = 5587720 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-017-09823-9 | bibcode = 2017NatSR...710646P }}</ref> Clinical efficacy and safety have not been scientifically confirmed for this herb.<ref name="drugs">{{cite web|title=Gotu kola|url=https://www.drugs.com/npp/gotu-kola.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=21 September 2023|date=23 January 2023}}</ref> * ''[[Ginkgo biloba]]''{{snd}} An extract of ''Ginkgo biloba'' leaf is marketed in [[dietary supplement]] form with claims it can enhance [[cognitive function]] in people without known cognitive problems, although there is no high-quality evidence to support such effects on memory or attention in healthy people.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Laws KR, Sweetnam H, Kondel TK | title = Is Ginkgo biloba a cognitive enhancer in healthy individuals? A meta-analysis | journal = Human Psychopharmacology | volume = 27 | issue = 6 | pages = 527β533 | date = November 2012 | pmid = 23001963 | doi = 10.1002/hup.2259 | s2cid = 6307491 }}</ref><ref name="nccih">{{cite web|url=http://nccih.nih.gov/health/ginkgo/ataglance.htm|date=September 2016|title=Ginkgo|publisher=National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, US National Institutes of Health|access-date=July 9, 2018}}</ref> * ''[[Panax ginseng]]''{{snd}} A [[Cochrane Collaboration|Cochrane review]] found possible "improvement of some aspects of cognitive function, behavior and quality of life", but concluded that "there is a lack of convincing evidence to show a cognitive enhancing effect of ''Panax ginseng'' in healthy participants and no high quality evidence about its efficacy in patients with dementia."<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Geng J, Dong J, Ni H, Lee MS, Wu T, Jiang K, Wang G, Zhou AL, Malouf R | title = Ginseng for cognition | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 12 | pages = CD007769 | date = December 2010 | pmid = 21154383 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD007769.pub2 }}</ref>
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