Editing Notgeld (section)

==Austria==

===Revolution of 1848===
[[File:50pfg-koeln2.jpg|thumb|{{lang|de|Notgeld}} banknote, issued by the city of Cologne, 1922, depicting two members of the carnival guard {{lang|de|Rote Funken|italic=no}} in the uniforms of city soldiers from Cologne who are performing the traditional dance {{lang|de|Stippeföttche}}. Signed by Lord Mayor [[Konrad Adenauer]], later the first chancellor of the [[Germany|Federal Republic of Germany]]. ]]
Austrian municipalities experienced coin shortages during the revolution of 1848, especially in the Czech towns, and therefore many municipalities and industrial concerns issued {{lang|de|Notgeld}} as a temporary measure. By 1850, the state finances were in such an order as to render them unnecessary, though certain parts of Hungary still experienced shortages as late as 1860, requiring {{lang|de|Notgeld}}-type issues.

===World War I===
As in Germany, municipalities in [[Austria-Hungary]] issued {{lang|de|Notgeld}} at the beginning of World War I. In most cases, small change scarcity was severest in the industrial Czech towns of [[Bohemia]] and [[Moravia]]. From the end of the war into 1919, German-speaking towns of the new Czechoslovakia issued {{lang|de|Grossgeldscheine}} notes until the authorities forbade them to do so.

[[File:WWI Hungarian lagergeld - 10 filler 1915 Kenyérmező.jpg|thumb|Hungarian prison camp money, 10 {{lang|hu|[[fillér]]}} 1915, [[Breadfield]]]]

===Prison camp money===

As with Germany, collectors tended to lump Austro-Hungarian prison camp money in with {{lang|de|Notgeld}}. Most issues date from 1916–1917, with the majority of camps situated in Austria proper, Hungary, and Czech territories.

===Collector series===
In 1920, hundreds of small towns across [[Upper Austria|Upper]] and [[Lower Austria]], but also many towns in [[Salzburg (state)|Salzburg]], [[Tyrol]], and [[Styria]], issued sets of collectible {{lang|de|Notgeld}}, usually in three denominations with expiry dates of three months from issuance. Nearly all were printed on thin paper, often in runs ({{lang|de|Auflage}}) of different colors or shades. Some of these notes actually circulated, but the vast majority entered private collections, and the scheme's success in raising funds for destitute town budgets convinced German towns to do the same thing (see above).

After the initial run of regular series, there were numerous releases of "special issues" ({{lang|de|Sonderscheine}}) featuring different designs and denominations, fanciful overprints, or the same design as the general issues but in expensive metallic inks on different paper types. Many of these special issues were printed in very small quantities in order to charge premiums to collectors. Groups of rural villages issued {{lang|de|Sonderscheine}}, even though some had populations of only a few dozen inhabitants.

===Depression-era {{lang|de|Schwundgeld}}===
In a bid to increase economic activity, several depressed municipalities in the Alps regions of Austria experimented with [[demurrage currency]] features in their {{lang|de|Notgeld}} during the period 1932–1934. As the notes lost value ({{lang|de|Schwund}}) over time, the idea was to convince holders to spend them quickly, thereby spurring economic activity. Notes had dated spaces for demurrage coupons to be affixed to them, and each one lessened the total value as they were added. The effort was unsuccessful because the scale of the experiment was too small to show any benefit.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R7XrNAAACAAJ |page=115 |publisher=H. Gietl Verlag |first=Rudolf |last=Richter |title=Notgeld Österreich: Deutsch-Österreich und Nachfolgestaaten mit Nebengebieten ab 1918 |isbn=9783924861117 |year=1993 }}</ref>