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Operation Uphold Democracy
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===Operation Uphold Democracy=== With his capitulation, the 100-plus aircraft carrying the 82nd Airborne Division were either turned around in mid-air or unloaded before they had a chance to take off. The paratroopers returned to their unit areas on Fort Bragg and they resumed their ready status; only to have the DRF-1 unit, Task Force Panther, deployed to Panama for [[Operations Safe Haven and Safe Passage]] on 12 December 1994. The military mission changed from a combat operation to a peacekeeping and nation-building operation with the deployment of the US-led multinational force in Haiti. This force was made up primarily of members of the 3rd Special Forces Group, but also included members of the 16th Military Police Brigade, 118th Military Police Company (Fort Bragg, NC), the 101st Military Police Company, the 988th Military Police Company ([[Fort Benning]], Georgia)and 101st Aviation Brigade ([[Fort Campbell|Ft. Campbell]], [[Kentucky]]), 3/2 ACR from [[Fort Polk|Ft. Polk]], [[Louisiana]] and Marine Forces Caribbean. Teams were deployed throughout the country to establish order and humanitarian services. Regular Army forces consisting of units from the 10th Mountain Division occupied, 593rd Signal Company Fort Huachuca Ariz. [[Port-au-Prince]] with 3rd Bn (Airborne) 73rd Armor Regiment (82nd Airborne Division). Elements from the [[United States Army Materiel Command|U.S. Army Materiel Command]] and [[Defense Logistics Agency]] relieved the Army's 1st Corps Support Command to provide logistical support in the form of the Joint Logistics Support Command (JLSC).<ref>"New Logistics Concepts Tested in Haiti, Sullivan and Abney, Army Logistician, May-June 1995 issue, https://alu.army.mil/alog/PDFDocs/1995may_jun/toc_95mj.pdf</ref> The command, later renamed to Combined Joint Logistics Support Command in recognition of its multi-national nature, provided oversight and direct control over all Multinational Force and U.S. deployed logistics units. This included the Joint Material Management Center, JMMC and the follow-on civilian contractor LOGCAP including a senior Defense Support Agency CELL. Later, 3 Corps deployed the Corps support CMMC, 46th Support Group. Additionally in the early deployments, elements of the 44th Medical Brigade (Airborne), 55th Medical Group, from Fort Bragg {the majority from the 28th CSH (Combat Support Hospital)} provided medical care for service members and Haitians alike. A Joint Psychological Operations Task Force (JPOTF) composed primarily of elements from the United States Army's 4th Psyop Group (Airborne) and reserve augmentees provided continuous, effective information operations support throughout Uphold Democracy and successive operations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.psywarrior.com/1stMISOBn.html|title=THE 1ST PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS BATTALION (A)|website=www.psywarrior.com|access-date=2018-06-13}}</ref> The [[United States Coast Guard]] played a significant role in the operation, providing command, control and communications services from the {{USCGC|Chase|WHEC-718|6}}, a 378' high endurance [[United States Coast Guard Cutter|cutter]] anchored in Port-au-Prince Harbor. Numerous 210' and 270' medium endurance cutters, 180' [[buoy tender]] {{USCGC|Gentian|WLB-290|6}}, and 110' [[Patrol boat|patrol boats]] worked with [[United States Navy SEALs|Navy SEAL]] [[Gunboat|gunboats]] to provide security for forces entering and exiting the twelve-mile exclusion zone and Port-au-Prince Harbor.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}} In August 1994, the battalion{{clarify|date=February 2020}} departed for the Caribbean and Haitian waters for Operation Support Democracy. 2nd Battalion, 2nd Marines once again landed in Cap Haitian, Haiti on 20 September 1994. Participation in Operation Uphold Democracy lasted until October 1994. A squad from Echo Company engaged in a firefight with coup-supporting elements of the Haitian police and military. One Navy interpreter was wounded and several Haitians lost their lives. The 10th Mountain Division was relieved in place by units of the 25th Infantry Division (Light) under command of Major General [[George A. Fisher Jr.]] The 25th Infantry Division deployed on 4 January 1995 from their home station of [[Schofield Barracks]], [[Hawaii]] and officially assumed command authority from the 10th Division on 9 January 1995. General Fisher and the 25th Infantry Division were the headquarters element of what is officially known as the Multinational Forces, Combined Task Force 190, Republic of Haiti. After the transition from Operation Uphold Democracy, a select few troops were chosen from various 25th Infantry Division units, to redeploy in various Security and Advisory roles in support of the United Nations Mission In Haiti (UNMIH). The U.S. Army Reserve unit, 458th Transportation Detachment (ATMCT), [[Belleville, Illinois|Belleville]], Illinois, was activated and reported to Fort Bragg, North Carolina within 48 hours of notification.{{citation needed|date=December 2013}} This was the fastest a Reserve unit has ever been deployed.{{citation needed|date=December 2013}} The 458th manned the 18th Corps Joint Movement Control Center (JMCC) in support of the mission. Members of the 450th Civil Affairs Battalion (Airborne) Riverdale, Maryland, USACAPOC(A), (a US Army Reserve unit), were on the initial airborne assault mission of Operation Uphold Democracy. The 450th CA Bn. (A) was the civil affairs unit supporting the 82nd Airborne Division. The unit not only participated with the 82nd, during training operations for this mission, before September 1994, but members of 450th "ready team" were on the C-130 aircraft about to parachute into the country. The parachute jump was aborted within 20 minutes of exiting out the door of the aircraft. The unit returned to Ft. Bragg, and then deployed (air landed) to Haiti the next day, supporting the 10th Mountain Division and Marines. The unit conducted civil affairs operations and remained in the country until December of that year.
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