Editing Organizational learning (section)

=== Organizational forgetting ===
Knowledge acquired through learning by doing can depreciate over time. The depreciation rate is affected by the turnover rate of individuals and how knowledge is stored within the organization. Organizations with higher turnover rates will lose more knowledge than others. Organizations with knowledge embedded in technology rather than individuals are more resistant to organizational forgetting.<ref name=":03" /> Examples: In the Liberty Shipyard study, in shipyards where relative input was reduced, individual unit cost increased even with increasing cumulative output. In shipyards with no relative input reduction, individual unit cost decreased with increasing cumulative output.<ref name=":03" /> In a study of airplane manufacturing at Lockheed, unit costs declined with experience, but this effect weakened over time.<ref name=benkard/>