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Origin of language
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=== Tool resiliency, grammar and language production === [[Acheulean]] tool use began during the [[Lower Paleolithic]] approximately 1.75 million years ago. Studies focusing on the lateralization of Acheulean tool production and language production have noted similar areas of blood flow when engaging in these activities separately; this theory suggests that the brain functions needed for the production of tools across generations is consistent with the brain systems required for producing language. Researchers used functional transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (fTDC) and had participants perform activities related to the creation of tools using the same methods during the Lower Paleolithic as well as a task designed specifically for word generation.<ref name="Uomini2013">{{Cite journal |last1=Uomini |first1=Natalie ThaΓ―s |last2=Meyer |first2=Georg Friedrich |date=30 August 2013 |editor-last=Petraglia |editor-first=Michael D. |title=Shared Brain Lateralization Patterns in Language and Acheulean Stone Tool Production: A Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Study |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=8 |issue=8 |pages=e72693 |bibcode=2013PLoSO...872693U |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0072693 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=3758346 |pmid=24023634 |doi-access=free}}</ref> The purpose of this test was to focus on the planning aspect of Acheulean tool making and cued word generation in language (an example of cued word generation would be trying to list all words beginning with a given letter). Theories of language developing alongside tool use has been theorized by multiple individuals;<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Stout |first1=Dietrich |last2=Chaminade |first2=Thierry |date=12 January 2012 |title=Stone tools, language and the brain in human evolution |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=367 |issue=1585 |pages=75β87 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2011.0099 |pmc=3223784 |pmid=22106428}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Putt |first1=Shelby S. J. |last2=Anwarzai |first2=Zara |last3=Holden |first3=Chloe |last4=Ruck |first4=Lana |last5=Schoenemann |first5=P. Thomas |date=4 January 2022 |title=The evolution of combinatoriality and compositionality in hominid tool use: a comparative perspective |journal=International Journal of Primatology |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=589β634 |doi=10.1007/s10764-021-00267-7 |issn=1573-8604 |s2cid=245654206}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Barham |first1=Lawrence |last2=Everett |first2=Daniel |date=June 2021 |title=Semiotics and the Origin of Language in the Lower Palaeolithic |journal=Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=535β579 |doi=10.1007/s10816-020-09480-9 |issn=1072-5369 |s2cid=225509049 |doi-access=free}}</ref> however, until recently, there has been little empirical data to support these hypotheses. Focusing on the results of the study performed by Uomini ''et al.'' evidence for the usage of the same brain areas has been found when looking at cued word generation and Acheulean tool use. The relationship between tool use and language production is found in working and planning memory respectively and was found to be similar across a variety of participants, furthering evidence that these areas of the brain are shared.<ref name="Uomini2013" /> This evidence lends credibility to the theory that language developed alongside tool use in the Lower Paleolithic.
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