Editing Parole (section)

===Early history===
[[Penologist]] [[Zebulon Brockway]] introduced parole when he became superintendent of [[Elmira Correctional Facility|Elmira Reformatory]] in [[Elmira, New York]]. To manage prison populations and rehabilitate those incarcerated, he instituted a two-part strategy that consisted of indeterminate sentences and parole releases.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o0rjRPnO7K4C&q=history+of+parole&pg=PA408 |title=Criminal Justice - Joel Samaha - Google Books |isbn=9780534645571 |access-date=2012-04-27|last1=Samaha |first1=Joel |year=2006 |publisher=Thomson/Wadsworth }}</ref> This was significant in prison reform due to its implication that prisoners began their rehabilitation during incarceration, which would be recognizable by a [[parole board]].<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|last1=Reitz|first1=Kevin R.|last2=Rhine|first2=Edward E.|date=2020-01-13|title=Parole Release and Supervision: Critical Drivers of American Prison Policy|journal=Annual Review of Criminology|volume=3|issue=1|pages=281–298|doi=10.1146/annurev-criminol-011419-041416|issn=2572-4568|doi-access=free}}</ref> It also provided newfound emphasis on prisoners' protection from cruel and unusual punishment.