Editing Peripheral neuropathy (section)

==Causes==
The causes are grouped broadly as follows:
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*Ribose-5-Phosphate Isomerase Deficiency
* Surgery: [[LASIK]] (corneal neuropathy — 20 to 55% of people).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Levitt AE, Galor A, Weiss JS, Felix ER, Martin ER, Patin DJ, Sarantopoulos KD, Levitt RC | title = Chronic dry eye symptoms after LASIK: parallels and lessons to be learned from other persistent post-operative pain disorders | journal = Molecular Pain | volume = 11 | pages = s12990–015–0020 | date = April 2015 | pmid = 25896684 | pmc = 4411662 | doi = 10.1186/s12990-015-0020-7 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* Genetic diseases: [[Friedreich's ataxia]], [[Fabry disease]],<ref name="Gilron2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gilron I, Baron R, Jensen T | title = Neuropathic pain: principles of diagnosis and treatment | journal = Mayo Clinic Proceedings | volume = 90 | issue = 4 | pages = 532–45 | date = April 2015 | pmid = 25841257 | doi = 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.01.018 | doi-access = free }}</ref> [[Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease]],<ref name="pmid9409359">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gabriel JM, Erne B, Pareyson D, Sghirlanzoni A, Taroni F, Steck AJ | title = Gene dosage effects in hereditary peripheral neuropathy. Expression of peripheral myelin protein 22 in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies nerve biopsies | journal = Neurology | volume = 49 | issue = 6 | pages = 1635–40 | date = December 1997 | pmid = 9409359 | doi = 10.1212/WNL.49.6.1635 | s2cid = 37715021 }}</ref> [[hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy]]
* Hyperglycemia-induced formation of advanced [[glycation]] end products (AGEs)<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hayreh SS, Servais GE, Virdi PS | title = Fundus lesions in malignant hypertension. V. Hypertensive optic neuropathy | journal = Ophthalmology | volume = 93 | issue = 1 | pages = 74–87 | date = January 1986 | pmid = 3951818 | doi = 10.1016/s0161-6420(86)33773-4 }}/</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kawana T, Yamamoto H, Izumi H | title = A case of aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus | journal = The Journal of Nihon University School of Dentistry | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 298–302 | date = December 1987 | pmid = 3329218 | doi = 10.2334/josnusd1959.29.298 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* Metabolic and endocrine diseases: [[diabetes mellitus]],<ref name="Gilron2015"/> [[chronic kidney failure]], [[porphyria]], [[amyloidosis]], [[liver failure]], [[hypothyroidism]]<ref name="Wood-allum Shaw 2014 pp. 703–735">{{cite book | last1=Wood-allum | first1=Clare A. | last2=Shaw | first2=Pamela J. | title=Neurologic Aspects of Systemic Disease Part II | chapter=Thyroid disease and the nervous system | series=Handbook of Clinical Neurology | publisher=Elsevier | volume=120 | year=2014 | issn=0072-9752 | pmid=24365348 | doi=10.1016/b978-0-7020-4087-0.00048-6 | pages=703–735| isbn=978-0-7020-4087-0 }}</ref>
* [[Idiopathic disease|Idiopathic peripheral neuropathy]] refers to neuropathy with no known cause.<ref name="Valdivia2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Valdivia JM, Weinand M, Maloney CT, Blount AL, Dellon AL |title=Surgical treatment of superimposed, lower extremity, peripheral nerve entrapments with diabetic and idiopathic neuropathy |journal=Ann Plast Surg |volume=70 |issue=6 |pages=675–79 |date=June 2013 |pmid=23673565 |doi=10.1097/SAP.0b013e3182764fb0 |s2cid=10150616 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Toxic]] causes: drugs ([[vincristine]], metronidazole, [[phenytoin]], [[nitrofurantoin]], [[isoniazid]], [[ethyl alcohol]], [[statins]]),{{medical citation needed|date=October 2018}} organic herbicides [[2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin|TCDD dioxin]], organic metals, [[heavy metals]], excess intake of [[Pyridoxine|vitamin B<sub>6</sub>]] (pyridoxine). Peripheral neuropathies also may result from long-term (more than 21 days) treatment with [[linezolid]].{{medical citation needed|date=September 2013}}
* [[Adverse effects of fluoroquinolones]]: irreversible neuropathy is a serious adverse reaction of [[fluoroquinolone]] drugs<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cohen JS | title = Peripheral neuropathy associated with fluoroquinolones | journal = The Annals of Pharmacotherapy | volume = 35| issue = 12 | pages = 1540–7 | date = Dec 2001 | pmid = 11793615 | doi = 10.1345/aph.1Z429 | s2cid = 12589772 }}</ref>
* [[Inflammation|Inflammatory]] diseases: [[Guillain–Barré syndrome]],<ref name="Gilron2015"/> [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[leprosy]], [[Sjögren's syndrome]], [[Babesiosis]], [[Lyme disease]],<ref name="Gilron2015"/> [[vasculitis]],<ref name="Gilron2015"/> [[sarcoidosis]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Heck AW, Phillips LH | title = Sarcoidosis and the nervous system | journal = Neurologic Clinics | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 641–54 | date = August 1989 | pmid = 2671639 | doi = 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30805-3 }}</ref> [[Multiple sclerosis]] may also be causal.<ref name="Gilron2015"/><ref>Note NO mention of MS</ref>
* [[Vitamin deficiency]] states: [[Methylcobalamin|Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>]] (Methylcobalamin),<ref name="Gilron2015"/> [[vitamin A]], [[vitamin E]], [[Thiamin|vitamin B<sub>1</sub>]] (thiamin)
* Physical trauma: [[compression neuropathy|compression]], automobile accident, sports injury, sports pinching, cutting, projectile injuries (for example, gunshot wound), strokes including prolonged occlusion of blood flow, electric discharge, including lightning strikes{{medical citation needed|date=October 2018}}
* Effect of [[chemotherapy]] – see [[Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy]]<ref name="Gilron2015"/>
* Exposure to [[Agent Orange]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Service-Connected Disability Compensation For Exposure To Agent Orange |url=http://www.vva.org/Guides/AgentOrangeGuide.pdf |publisher=[[Vietnam Veterans of America]] |date=April 2015 |page=4 |access-date=20 August 2015}}</ref>
* Others: [[Carpal tunnel syndrome]], [[Electric shock#Neurological effects|electric shock]], [[HIV]],<ref name="Gilron2015"/><ref name="pmid17883996">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gonzalez-Duarte A, Cikurel K, Simpson DM | title = Managing HIV peripheral neuropathy | journal = Current HIV/AIDS Reports | volume = 4 | issue = 3 | pages = 114–8 | date = August 2007 | pmid = 17883996 | doi = 10.1007/s11904-007-0017-6 | s2cid = 34689986 }}</ref> [[malignant]] disease, [[radiation]], [[shingles]], MGUS ([[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance]]).<ref name="Nobile-Orazio">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nobile-Orazio E, Barbieri S, Baldini L, Marmiroli P, Carpo M, Premoselli S, Manfredini E, Scarlato G | title = Peripheral neuropathy in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: prevalence and immunopathogenetic studies | journal = Acta Neurologica Scandinavica | volume = 85 | issue = 6 | pages = 383–90 | date = June 1992 | pmid = 1379409 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb06033.x | s2cid = 30788715 }}</ref>
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