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Proboscis monkey
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===Feeding and activities=== As a seasonal folivore and frugivore, the proboscis monkey eats primarily fruit and leaves.<ref name=Boonratana1993/> It also eats flowers, seeds and insects to a lesser extent. At least 55 different plant species are consumed, "with a marked preference for ''[[Eugenia]]'' sp., ''[[Ganua motleyana]]'' and ''[[Lophopetalum javanicum]]''".<ref name=Yeager/> Young leaves are preferred over mature leaves and unripe fruits are preferred over ripe fruit.<ref name=Boonratana1993/> Being a seasonal eater, the proboscis monkey eats mostly fruit from January to May and mostly leaves from June to December.<ref name=Yeager>{{cite journal|author=Yeager C. P.|year=1989 |journal= International Journal of Primatology |issue=6|pages=497β530 |doi=10.1007/BF02739363|title=Feeding ecology of the proboscis monkey (''Nasalis larvatus'') |volume=10 |s2cid=23442969}}</ref> Groups usually sleep in adjacent trees.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Yeager C. P.|year=1990| title=Proboscis monkey (''Nasalis larvatus'') social organization: group structure |journal=American Journal of Primatology |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=95β106 |doi=10.1002/ajp.1350200204 |pmid=31963992 |s2cid=85675872}}</ref> Monkeys tend to sleep near rivers, if they are nearby. Proboscis monkeys will start the day foraging and then rest further inland. Their daily activities consist of resting, traveling, feeding and keeping vigilant.<ref name=Boonratana1993/> Occasionally, they chew their [[cud]] to allow more efficient digestion and food intake.<ref name=Matsuda2011>{{Cite journal |last1=Matsuda |first1=I. |last2=Murai |first2=T. |last3=Clauss |first3=M. |last4=Yamada |first4=T. |last5=Tuuga |first5=A. |last6=Bernard |first6=H. |last7=Higashi |first7=S. |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2011.0197 |title=Regurgitation and remastication in the foregut-fermenting proboscis monkey (''Nasalis larvatus'') |journal=Biology Letters |volume=7 |issue=5 | pages=786β789 |year=2011 |pmid=21450728 |pmc=3169055}}</ref> As night approaches, the monkeys move back near the river and forage again. Predators (potential or confirmed) of the proboscis monkey include [[crocodilian]]s like [[false gharial]]s and [[saltwater crocodile]]s, the [[Sunda clouded leopard]], [[sun bear]]s and [[reticulated python]]s as well as, for probably young or sickly monkeys, large [[eagle]]s (such as the [[crested serpent eagle]] or [[black eagle]]), large [[owl]]s, and [[Monitor lizard|monitor lizards]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Feilen, K. L. |author2=Marshall, A. J. |date=2014 |title=Sleeping site selection by proboscis monkeys (''Nasalis larvatus'') in West Kalimantan, Indonesia |journal=American Journal of Primatology|volume=76 |issue=12 |pages=1127β1139|doi=10.1002/ajp.22298 |pmid=24810395 |s2cid=26318484 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Stuebing, R. B. |author2=Bezuijen, M. R. |author3=Auliya, M. |author4=Voris, H. K. |year=2006 |title=The current and historic distribution of ''Tomistoma schlegelii'' (the False Gharial)(MΓΌller, 1838)(Crocodylia, Reptilia) |journal=The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=181β197}}</ref> Monkeys will cross rivers at narrows or cross arboreally if possible. This may serve as predator avoidance.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Yeager C. P. |year=1991| title=Possible antipredator behavior associated with river crossings by proboscis monkeys (''Nasalis larvatus'')| journal=American Journal of Primatology |volume=24| issue=1|pages=61β66 |doi=10.1002/ajp.1350240107 |s2cid=84996963}}</ref>
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