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Program music
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===19th century=== Program music was quite popular during the [[Romantic music|Romantic era]]. Many mainstream "classical" works are unequivocally program music, such as [[Richard Strauss]]'s ''An Alpine Symphony'', which is a musical description of ascending and descending a mountain, with 22 section titles such as "Night", "Sunrise", "By the Waterfall", "In Thicket and Underbrush on the Wrong Path", "Summit", "Mists Rise" and "Storm and Descent". [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 6 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 6]] is program music, too, with titled movements and instrumental depictions of bird calls, country dances, and a storm. His fifteenth string quartet, Opus 132, contains a middle movement titled "Heiliger Dankgesang eines Genesenen an die Gottheit, in der lydischen Tonart" ('A Convalescent's Holy Song of Thanksgiving to the Divinity, in the Lydian Mode'), suggesting to some auditors that the entire work can be heard as a tonal evocation of sickness and recovery.
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