Editing Propylene (section)

==Reactions==
Propylene resembles other alkenes in that it undergoes [[electrophilic addition]] reactions relatively easily at room temperature. The relative weakness of its double bond explains its tendency to react with substances that can achieve this transformation. Alkene reactions include:
* [[Polymerization]] and [[oligomerization]]
* [[Oxidation]]
* [[Halogenation]]
* [[Hydrohalogenation]]
* [[Alkylation]]
* [[hydration reaction|Hydration]]
* [[Hydroformylation]]

===Complexes of transition metals===
Foundational to hydroformylation, alkene metathesis, and polymerization are [[metal-alkene complex|metal-propylene complexes]], which are intermediates in these processes.  Propylene is [[prochiral]], meaning that binding of a reagent (such as a metal electrophile) to the C=C group yields one of two [[enantiomer]]s.

=== Polymerization ===
{{See also|Polypropylene}}
The majority of propylene is used to form polypropylene, a very important commodity [[thermoplastic]], through [[chain-growth polymerization]].<ref name="Ceresana" />  In the presence of a suitable catalyst (typically a [[Ziegler–Natta catalyst]]), propylene will polymerize. There are multiple ways to achieve this, such as using high pressures to suspending the catalyst in a solution of liquid propylene, or running gaseous propylene through a [[fluidized bed reactor]].<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Heggs |first=T. Geoffrey |title=Polypropylene |date=2011-10-15 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14356007.o21_o04 |encyclopedia=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |pages=o21_o04 |editor-last=Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA |place=Weinheim, Germany |publisher=Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA |language=en |doi=10.1002/14356007.o21_o04 |isbn=978-3-527-30673-2 |access-date=2021-07-09|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

[[File:Polypropylène.png|593x593px]]

===Oligomerizationn===
In the presence of [[catalyst]]s, propylene will form various short [[oligomer]]s. It can [[dimerize]]s to give [[2,3-Dimethyl-1-butene|2,3-dimethyl-1-butene]] and/or [[2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene|2,3-dimethyl-2-butene]].<ref name=cat>{{cite journal |doi=10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00076 |title=Nickel Catalyzed Olefin Oligomerization and Dimerization |year=2020 |last1=Olivier-Bourbigou |first1=H. |last2=Breuil |first2=P. A. R. |last3=Magna |first3=L. |last4=Michel |first4=T. |last5=Espada Pastor |first5=M. Fernandez |last6=Delcroix |first6=D. |journal=Chemical Reviews |volume=120 |issue=15 |pages=7919–7983|pmid=32786672 |s2cid=221124789 |url=https://hal-ifp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02954532/file/Nickel%20Catalyzed%20Olefin.pdf }}</ref> or trimerise to form [[tripropylene]].