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Reforms of French orthography
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====Accents==== Verbs with their [[infinitive]] in ''éCer'' (where C can be any consonant) change their ''[[acute accent|é]]'' to ''[[grave accent|è]]'' in the [[future tense|future]] and [[conditional tense|conditional]]: :''{{lang|fr|je céderai}}'' → ''{{lang|fr|je cèderai}}'' {{IPA|fr|ʒə sɛd(ə)ʁe|}} (I shall give up) Additionally, verbs ending in ''e'' placed before an [[word order|inverted]] [[subject (grammar)|subject]] "je" change their ''e'' to ''è'' instead of ''é'': :''{{lang|fr|aimé-je ?}}'' → ''{{lang|fr|aimè-je ?}}'' {{IPA|fr|ɛmɛʒ|}} (do I like?) [[Circumflex]] accents are removed on ''i'' and ''u'' if they are not needed to distinguish between homographs. They are retained in the [[preterite|simple past]] and [[subjunctive mood|subjunctive]] of verbs: :''{{lang|fr|mû}}'' → ''{{lang|fr|mu}}'' (driven), but ''{{lang|fr|qu'il mût}}'' unchanged (he must have driven), and :''{{lang|fr|dû}}'' (the past participle of the very common irregular verb ''{{lang|fr|devoir}}'', or the noun created from this participle) is kept to make the distinction with ''{{lang|fr|du}}'' (the required contraction of ''{{lang|fr|de + le}}'', which means ''some'' when used as an undetermined masculine article, or means ''of the'' when used as a preposition). Wherever accents are missing or wrong because of past errors or omissions or a change of pronunciation, they are added or changed: :''{{lang|fr|receler}}'' → ''{{lang|fr|recéler}}'' {{IPA|fr|ʁəsele|}} (to receive – stolen goods) :''{{lang|fr|événement}}'' → ''{{lang|fr|évènement}}'' {{IPA|fr|evɛn(ə)mɑ̃|}} (event) Accents are also added to loanwords where dictated by French pronunciation: :''{{lang|fr|diesel}}'' → ''{{lang|fr|diésel}}'' {{IPA|fr|djezɛl|}} (diesel)
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