Editing Sexual dysfunction (section)

===Sexual pain disorders===

Sexual pain disorders in women include [[dyspareunia]] (painful intercourse) and [[vaginismus]] (an involuntary spasm of the muscles of the vaginal wall that interferes with intercourse).

Dyspareunia may be caused by [[vaginal dryness]]. Poor lubrication may result from insufficient excitement and stimulation, or from hormonal changes caused by [[menopause]], [[pregnancy]], or breastfeeding. Irritation from contraceptive creams and foams can also cause dryness, as can fear and anxiety about sex.

It is unclear exactly what causes vaginismus, but it is thought that past sexual trauma (such as [[rape]] or [[Domestic violence|abuse]]) may play a role. Another female sexual pain disorder is [[vulvodynia]], or [[vulvar vestibulitis]] when localized to the [[vulval vestibule]]. In this condition, women experience burning pain during sex, which seems to be related to problems with the skin in the vulvar and vaginal areas. Its cause is unknown.

In men, structural abnormalities of the penis like [[Peyronie's disease]] can make sexual intercourse difficult and/or painful. The disease is characterized by thick fibrous bands in the penis that lead to excessive curvature during erection.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.strangesexualdisorders.com/ | title = Analysis of abnormal sexual disturbances | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100209033327/http://www.strangesexualdisorders.com/ | archive-date=2010-02-09 }}</ref>{{Unreliable medical source|date=October 2010}} It has an incidence estimated at 0.4–3% or more,<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal | vauthors = Lizza E |date=2021-04-27 | journal = Medscape |title=Peyronie Disease: Practice Essentials, Problem, Epidemiology|url=https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/456574-overview#a6}}</ref> is most common in men 40–70,<ref name=":0" /> and has no certain cause. Risk factors include genetics, minor trauma (potentially during [[cystoscopy]] or [[transurethral resection of the prostate]]), chronic systemic vascular diseases, smoking, and alcohol consumption.<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = Lizza E |date=2021-04-27 | journal = Medscape |title=Peyronie Disease: Practice Essentials, Problem, Epidemiology|url=https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/456574-overview#a7}}</ref>

[[Priapism]] is a painful erection that occurs for several hours and occurs in the absence of [[sexual stimulation]]. This condition develops when blood is trapped in the penis and is unable to drain. If the condition is not promptly treated, it can lead to severe scarring and permanent loss of erectile function. The disorder is most common in young men and children. Individuals with [[sickle-cell disease]] and those who use certain medications can often develop this disorder.<ref>[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/777603-overview Priapism in Emergency Medicine], [[eMedicine]]. Retrieved on 2010-02-18</ref>