Editing Structure (section)

== Logical ==
As a branch of philosophy, [[logic]] is concerned with distinguishing good arguments from poor ones. A chief concern is with the structure of arguments.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Structure of Arguments|url=http://philosophy.lander.edu/logic/structure.html|website=Philosophy 103: Introduction to Logic|publisher=philosophy.lander.edu|access-date=4 October 2015|archive-date=9 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009121501/https://philosophy.lander.edu/logic/structure.html|url-status=live}}</ref> An argument consists of one or more [[premise]]s from which a conclusion is [[inference|inferred]].<ref name=Kemerling>{{cite web|last1=Kemerling|first1=Garth|title=Arguments and Inference|url=http://www.philosophypages.com/lg/e01.htm|website=The Philosophy Pages|access-date=4 October 2015|archive-date=4 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604225936/http://philosophypages.com/lg/e01.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The steps in this inference can be expressed in a formal way and their structure analyzed. Two basic types of inference are [[deductive reasoning|deduction]] and [[inductive reasoning|induction]]. In a [[Validity (logic)|valid]] deduction, the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, regardless of whether they are true or not. An invalid deduction contains some error in the analysis. An inductive argument claims that if the premises are true, the conclusion is likely.<ref name=Kemerling/>