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Sultan
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===West Asia and North Africa=== *in [[Iran]]: **Sultans of [[Baneh]] (In [[Safavid Kurdistan|Kurdistan]], members of the Ekhtiyar al-Din family governed Baneh as Sultans defending against the Ottoman frontier)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mardūḵ |first='A. |date=December 15, 1988 |title=Bāna|url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bana-a-sahrestan-in-the-province-of-kurdistan-located-in-a-mountainous-well-forested-region-of-western-iran-at-35-59- |website=[[Encyclopaedia Iranica]]}}</ref> **[[Ghaznavid Empire]] *in [[Syria]]: **[[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubid Sultans]] [[File:Tumanbay II (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|[[Tuman Bay II]], last of the Mamluk Sultans]] **[[Mameluks|Mamluk Sultans]] *in [[Jordan]]: **[[Ayyubid dynasty]] **[[Mamluk Sultanate]] **[[Ottoman Empire]] *in present-day [[Yemen]], various small sultanates of the defunct [[Aden Protectorate]] and [[Federation of South Arabia|South Arabia]]: *:[[Audhali]], [[Fadhli Sultanate|Fadhli]], [[Haushabi]], [[Kathiri]], [[Sultanate of Lahej|Lahej]], [[Lower Aulaqi]], [[Lower Yafa]], [[Mahra Sultanate|Mahra]], [[Qu'aiti]], [[Subeihi]], [[Upper Aulaqi Sultanate|Upper Aulaqi]], [[Upper Yafa]] and the [[Wahidi]] sultanates *in present-day [[Saudi Arabia]]: **[[Nejd|Sultans of Nejd]] **[[Hejaz|Sultans of the Hejaz]] *[[Oman]] – [[List of rulers of Oman|Sultan of Oman]] (authentically referred to as ''Hami''), on the southern coast of the Arabian peninsula, still an independent sultanate, since 1744 (assumed the formal title of Sultan in 1861) *in [[Algeria]]: [[Sultanate of Tuggurt (Touggourt)|Sultanate of Tuggurt]], [[Zayyanid dynasty|Sultans of Tlemcen]] *in [[Egypt]]: **[[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubid Sultans]] **[[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk Sultans]] **[[Sultanate of Egypt|Sultans of the Muhammad Ali dynasty]] [[File:السلطان عبد الحفيظ.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Sultan [[Abd al-Hafid of Morocco]]]] *in [[Morocco]], until [[Mohammed V of Morocco|Mohammed V]] changed the style to [[Malik]] (king) on August 14, 1957, maintaining the subsidiary style [[Amir al-Mu'minin]] (Commander of the Faithful) *in [[Sudan]]: **[[Sultanate of Darfur|Darfur]] **Dar al-Masalit **Dar Qimr **[[Funj Sultanate]] of [[Sinnar]] (Sennar) **[[Kordofan]] *in [[Iraq]]: **[[Abbasid Caliphate]] (autonomous provinces) **[[Ottoman Empire]]
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