Editing Weather modification (section)

==In military==
{{Main|Weather warfare}}
[[Operation Popeye]] was a highly classified operation run by the US military from 1967-1972.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://weathermodificationhistory.com/operation-popeye-motorpool-intermediary-compatriot-weather-warfare-vietnam/|title=Operation Popeye, Motorpool, Intermediary, Compatriot: Weather Warfare Over Vietnam · Weather Modification History|website=weathermodificationhistory.com|access-date=2019-04-04|archive-date=March 31, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331085037/https://weathermodificationhistory.com/operation-popeye-motorpool-intermediary-compatriot-weather-warfare-vietnam/|url-status=live}}</ref> The purpose was to prolong the monsoon in Southeast Asia. The overwhelming precipitation successfully disrupted the tactical logistics of the Vietnamese army. Operation Popeye is believed as the first successful practice of weather modification technology in warfare. After it was unveiled, weather modification in warfare was banned by the [[Environmental Modification Convention]] (ENMOD).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-1&chapter=26&lang=en|title=United Nations Treaty Collection|website=treaties.un.org|language=EN|access-date=2019-04-04|archive-date=July 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711101527/https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-1&chapter=26&lang=en|url-status=live}}</ref>

In "Benign Weather Modification" published in March 1997, Air Force Major Barry B. Coble superficially documents the existence of weather modification science where he traces the developments that have occurred, notably, in the hands of the Pentagon and CIA's staunchest ideological enemies.

* The first scientifically controlled and monitored effort generally recognized by the meteorological community as constituting weather modification occurred in 1948. When Dr. Irving Langmuir first experimented with artificially seeding clouds to produce rain in New Mexico, his experiments showed positive results – sparking tremendous interest in the field nearly overnight.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Langmuir|first1=Irving|title=Final Report: Project Cirrus|date=December 13, 1948|publisher=General Electric Research Laboratory|page=14|edition=Report No. PL 140}}</ref>
* Many countries throughout the world practice weather modification. The Russians have long been interested in using weather modification as a way to control hail.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Vostruxov|first1=Ye|title=Laser and Cloud: Unusual Experiment of Siberian Scientists|date=September 1987|publisher=translated by SCITRAN, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, Foreign Technology Division|page=5}}</ref>

In the 1990s a directive from the chief of staff of the Air Force Ronald R. Fogleman was issued to examine the concepts, capabilities, and technologies the United States would require to remain the dominant air and space force in the future.