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List of operating systems
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==Research== ===Unix or Unix-like=== * [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs]] β distributed OS developed at [[Bell Labs]], based on original Unix design principles yet functionally different and going much further ** [[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]] β distributed OS derived from Plan 9, originally from Bell Labs ** [[9front]], a derivative open-source project<ref>{{Cite web |title=Introduction to 9front {{!}} Hacker News |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12617036 |access-date=2022-09-19 |website=news.ycombinator.com}}</ref> made to resurrect Plan 9<ref>{{Cite web |title=Plan9 has been forked: 9front {{!}} Hacker News |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2772718 |access-date=2022-09-19 |website=news.ycombinator.com}}</ref> to passionate developers * [[Research Unix]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Caldera-license.pdf|title=Caldera license|date=2002-01-23|access-date=2019-01-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lemis.com/grog/UNIX/|title=UNIX is free!|website=www.lemis.com|access-date=2018-08-24}}</ref> ===Non-Unix=== * [[Amoeba distributed operating system|Amoeba]] β research OS by [[Andrew S. Tanenbaum]] * [[Barrelfish (operating system)|Barrelfish]] * [[Croquet Project|Croquet]] * [[Extremely Reliable Operating System|EROS]] β microkernel, capability-based * [[Harmony (operating system)|Harmony]] β realtime, multitasking, multiprocessing message-passing system developed at the National Research Council of Canada. * [[HelenOS]] β research and experimental operating system * [[ILIOS]] β Research OS designed for routing * [[L4 microkernel family|L4]] β second generation microkernel * [[Mach kernel|Mach]] β from OS kernel research at [[Carnegie Mellon University]]; see [[NeXTSTEP]] * [[Nemesis (computing)|Nemesis]] β Cambridge University research OS β detailed quality of service abilities * [[Singularity (operating system)|Singularity]] β experimental OS from Microsoft Research written in [[managed code]] to be highly [[Dependability|dependable]] * [[Spring (operating system)|Spring]] β research OS from Sun Microsystems * [[THE multiprogramming system]] β by Dijkstra in 1968, at the [[Eindhoven University of Technology]] in the Netherlands, introduced the first form of software-based memory segmentation, freeing programmers from being forced to use actual physical locations * [[Thoth (operating system)|Thoth]] β realtime, multiprocess message-passing system developed at the [[University of Waterloo]]. * [[Tock (operating system)|Tock]] * [[V (operating system)|V]] β from Stanford, early 1980s<ref name="capabook">{{cite web|url=http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~levy/capabook/Chapter7.pdf|title=Capability-Based Computer Systems|publisher=Cs.washington.edu|access-date=2013-09-21}}</ref> * [[Verve (operating system)|Verve]] β OS designed by Microsoft Research to be verified end-to-end for [[type safety]] and [[memory safety]] * [[Xinu]] β Study OS developed by [[Douglas E. Comer]] in the United States<ref>"Despite its name suggesting some similarity to Unix, Xinu is a different type of operating system, written with no knowledge of the Unix source code, or compatibility goals. It uses different abstractions, and [[system call]]s, some with names matching those of Unix, but different semantics." Garfinkel, Simson; Spafford, Gene; Schwartz, Alan (2003). Practical UNIX and Internet Security. O'Reilly. p. 19.</ref>
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