Editing ...And Justice for All (album)

{{featured article}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox album
| name       = ...And Justice for All
| type       = studio
| artist     = [[Metallica]]
| cover      = Metallica - ...And Justice for All cover.jpg
| border     = yes
| alt        = A painting of Justice as a woman with a sword in her hand, a blindfold and scales in her other hand.
| released   = {{start date|1988|8|25}}
| recorded   = January 28 – May 1, 1988
| studio     = [[Extasy Records#Extasy Recording Studios|One on One]] ([[Los Angeles]])
| genre      = {{hlist|[[Thrash metal]]|[[progressive metal]]}}
| length     = 65:24
| label      = [[Elektra Records|Elektra]]
| producer   = {{hlist|[[James Hetfield]]|[[Flemming Rasmussen]]|[[Lars Ulrich]]}}
| prev_title = [[The $5.98 E.P. – Garage Days Re-Revisited]]
| prev_year  = 1987
| next_title = [[The Good, the Bad & the Live]]
| next_year  = 1990
| misc       = {{Extra chronology
 | artist     = [[Metallica]] studio album
 | type       = studio
 | prev_title = [[Master of Puppets]]
 | prev_year  = 1986
 | title      = ...And Justice for All
 | year       = 1988
 | next_title = [[Metallica (album)|Metallica]]
 | next_year  = 1991
}}
{{Singles
 | name        = ...And Justice for All
 | type        = studio
 | single1     = [[Harvester of Sorrow]]
 | single1date = August 28, 1988<ref name = Harvester2011-08-15/>
 | single2     = [[Eye of the Beholder (song)|Eye of the Beholder]]
 | single2date = October 30, 1988<ref name=Beholder2013-08-13/>
 | single3     = [[One (Metallica song)|One]]
 | single3date = January 10, 1989<ref name = One2011-08-15/>
}}
}}

'''''...And Justice for All''''' is the fourth studio album by American [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] band [[Metallica]], released on August 25, 1988, by [[Elektra Records]]. It was Metallica's first full length studio (LP) album to feature bassist [[Jason Newsted]], following the death of their previous bassist [[Cliff Burton]] in 1986. Burton received posthumous co-writing credit on "To Live Is to Die" as Newsted followed bass lines Burton had recorded prior to his death.<ref>{{Cite book |last=McIver |first=Joel |title=To Live Is to Die: The Life and Death of Metallica's Cliff Burton |publisher=Jawbone Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-1911036128 |edition=2nd |pages=(226–227)}}</ref>

Metallica recorded the album with producer [[Flemming Rasmussen]] over four months in early 1988 at [[Extasy Records#Extasy Recording Studios|One on One Recording Studios]] in Los Angeles. It features aggressive complexity, fast tempos, and few verse-chorus structures. It contains lyrical themes of political and legal injustices, such as governmental corruption, censorship, and war. The cover, designed by Roger Gorman with illustration by Stephen Gorman and based on a concept by Metallica guitarist [[James Hetfield]] and drummer [[Lars Ulrich]], depicts [[Lady Justice]] bound in ropes, being pulled by them to the point of breaking, with dollar bills piled upon and falling off her scales. The album title is derived from the last four words of the American [[Pledge of Allegiance]]. Three of its songs were released as singles: "[[Harvester of Sorrow]]", "[[Eye of the Beholder (song)|Eye of the Beholder]]", and "[[One (Metallica song)|One]]"; the title track, "[[...And Justice for All (song)|...And Justice for All]]", was released as a promotional single.{{Not verified in body|date=May 2025}}

''...And Justice for All'' was acclaimed by music critics for its depth and complexity, although its dry mix and nearly inaudible bass guitar were criticized. It was included in ''[[The Village Voice]]''{{'}}s annual [[Pazz & Jop]] critics' poll of the year's best albums, and was nominated for a [[Grammy Award]] in 1989, controversially losing out to [[Jethro Tull (band)|Jethro Tull]] in the [[Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance Vocal or Instrumental|Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance Vocal or Instrumental]] category. The single "One" backed the band's debut music video, and earned Metallica their first Grammy Award in 1990 (and the first ever in the [[Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance|Best Metal Performance]] category). It was successful in the United States, peaking at number six on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], and was certified [[RIAA certification|8× platinum]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA) in 2003 for shipping eight million copies in the U.S.

The album was reissued on November 2, 2018, in vinyl, CD, and cassette formats, as well as receiving a deluxe box set treatment with bonus tracks and unreleased video footage.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Metallica announce deluxe reissue of ...And Justice For All|date=September 6, 2018|magazine=Consequence of Sound|access-date=January 12, 2019|author=Spencer Kaufman|url=https://consequenceofsound.net/2018/09/metallica-deluxe-reissues-and-justice-for-all/|archive-date=January 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113182304/https://consequenceofsound.net/2018/09/metallica-deluxe-reissues-and-justice-for-all/|url-status=live}}</ref> The reissue reached number 37 and 42 on ''Billboard''{{'}}s [[Top Album Sales]] and [[Top Rock Albums]] charts, respectively.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/metallica/chart-history/tsl/|title=Metallica Chart History (Top Album Sales)|magazine=Billboard|access-date=November 19, 2018|archive-date=March 2, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302144234/https://www.billboard.com/artist/metallica/chart-history/tsl/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/metallica/chart-history/rck/|title=Metallica Chart History (Top Rock Albums)|magazine=Billboard|access-date=November 19, 2018|archive-date=November 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117145446/https://www.billboard.com/artist/metallica/chart-history/rck/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Background==
''...And Justice for All'' is the first Metallica album to feature bassist [[Jason Newsted]] after the death of [[Cliff Burton]] in 1986; Newsted had previously played on the 1987 Metallica EP'' [[The $5.98 E.P. - Garage Days Re-Revisited]]''.<ref name="Decibel">{{cite web|author=J. Bennett |title=Metallica "...And Justice for All" |url=http://www.decibelmagazine.com/hall-of-fame/metallica/ |work=[[Decibel (magazine)|Decibel]] |access-date=June 9, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130226012329/http://www.decibelmagazine.com/hall-of-fame/metallica/ |archive-date=February 26, 2013 }}</ref> Metallica had intended to record the album earlier, but was sidetracked by the large number of festival dates scheduled for the summer of 1987, including the European leg of the [[Monsters of Rock]] festival. Another reason was frontman [[James Hetfield]]'s arm injury in a skateboarding accident.<ref name="M.Wall"/>

Metallica's previous studio album, ''[[Master of Puppets]] (''1986), was their last under their contract with the record label [[Music for Nations]]. Manager [[Peter Mensch]] wanted them to sign with British record distributor [[Phonogram Records]]. Phonogram manager Martin Hooker offered them "well over £1 million, which at that time was the biggest deal we'd ever offered anyone". His explanation was that the final figure for combined British and European sales of all three Metallica albums was more than 1.5&nbsp;million copies.<ref name="M.Wall" />

==Recording==
''...And Justice for All'' was recorded from January to May 1988 at [[Extasy Records#Extasy Recording Studios|One on One Recording Studios]] in Los Angeles. Metallica produced the album with [[Flemming Rasmussen]].<ref name="booklet"/> He had been initially unavailable for the planned start on January 1, 1988, and the band hired [[Mike Clink]], who had caught their attention for producing the debut [[Guns N' Roses]] album ''[[Appetite for Destruction]]'' (1987). Plans deteriorated, and Rasmussen became available three weeks after drummer [[Lars Ulrich]] had first called him. Rasmussen listened to Clink's rough mixes for the album on his February 14 flight to Los Angeles, and upon his arrival, Clink was fired. Hetfield explained that recording with Clink had been problematic, and Rasmussen was a last-minute replacement.<ref name=sos>{{cite journal|last=Buskin|first=Richard|url=http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/may11/articles/classic-tracks-0511.htm|title=Metallica 'One': Classic Tracks|journal=[[Sound on Sound]]|date=May 2011|access-date=January 18, 2013|oclc=61313197|archive-date=May 29, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529153720/http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/may11/articles/classic-tracks-0511.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Clink is credited with engineering drums on "The Shortest Straw" and "Harvester of Sorrow". Awaiting Rasmussen's arrival, the band had recorded two cover songs—"Breadfan" and "The Prince"—to "fine‑tune the sound while they got into the studio vibe".<ref name=sos /> Both were released as B-sides for singles from the album and were later included on the 1998 cover album ''[[Garage Inc.|Garage Inc]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|title=Metallica: Garage, Inc.|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/garage-inc-mw0000051667|work=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=September 1, 2014|archive-date=July 27, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727182606/http://www.allmusic.com/album/garage-inc-mw0000051667|url-status=live}}</ref>

Rasmussen's first task was to adjust and arrange the guitar sound, with which the band was dissatisfied. A guide track for the tempos and a [[click track]] for Ulrich's drumming were used. The band played in a live room, recording the instruments separately. Each song used three reels: one for drums, a second for bass and guitars, and a third for other parts. Hetfield wrote lyrics during the recording sessions; these were occasionally unfinished as recording began, and Rasmussen said that Hetfield "wasn't really interested in singing" but instead "wanted that hard vibe".<ref name=sos/> Metallica's recording process was new to Newsted, who questioned his impact on the overall sound and the lack of discussion with the rest of the team. He recorded his parts separately, with only the assistant engineer present.<ref name="Newsted">{{cite web|first=Jeff|last=Giles|title=Jason Newsted on Inaudible '...And Justice for All' Bass Tracks: 'Water Under the Bridge'|url=http://ultimateclassicrock.com/jason-newsted-on-inaudible-and-justice-for-all-bass-tracks-water-under-the-bridge/|work=Ultimate Classic Rock|publisher=Townsquare Media|date=May 1, 2013|access-date=June 11, 2013|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126083958/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/jason-newsted-on-inaudible-and-justice-for-all-bass-tracks-water-under-the-bridge/|url-status=live}}</ref> The experience differed from his previous band, [[Flotsam and Jetsam (band)|Flotsam and Jetsam]], whose style he described as "basically everybody playing the same thing like a sonic wall".<ref name="Newsted"/>

===Mixing===
''...And Justice for All''  is noted for its "dry, sterile" production.<ref name="Allmusic" /> Rasmussen said that was not his intention, as he tried for an ambient sound similar to the previous two albums. He was not present during the album's mixing, for which [[Steve Thompson (musician)|Steve Thompson]] and Michael Barbiero had been hired beforehand. Rasmussen assumed that, in his absence from the mixing process, Thompson and Barbiero used only the [[close-mic placement|close microphones]] on the mix and none of the room microphones, causing the "clicking", thin drum sound.<ref name="sos" /> The bass guitar is nearly inaudible, while the guitars sound "strangled mechanistic".<ref name="500 Albums" /> He saw the "synthetic" percussion as another reason for the compressed sound.<ref>{{cite book |last=Popoff |first=Martin |title=The Top 500 Heavy Metal Songs of All Time |publisher=ECW Press |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-55022-530-3 |page=183}}</ref><ref>https://metalinjection.net/news/bummer-alert/metallicas-and-justice-for-all-engineer-says-band-wont-remix-album-for-reissue</ref>

At the instruction of Hetfield and Ulrich, Newsted's bass guitar was made almost inaudible.<ref name="sos" /><ref name="Sound Mixer: Ulrich to Blame for 'And Justice For All' Bass">{{cite web |last=Zadrozny |first=Anya |date=March 24, 2015 |title=Sound Mixer on Metallica's '...And Justice For All' Blames Lars Ulrich for Thin Bass Sound |url=http://loudwire.com/sound-mixer-metallica-and-justice-for-all-blames-lars-ulrich-thin-bass-sound/ |access-date=April 25, 2015 |work=[[Loudwire]] |archive-date=April 26, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426062147/http://loudwire.com/sound-mixer-metallica-and-justice-for-all-blames-lars-ulrich-thin-bass-sound/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to Rasmussen: "After Lars and James heard their initial mixes the first thing they said was, 'Take the bass down so you can just hear it, and then once you've done that, take it down a further three [[decibel|dB]]s.' I have no idea why they wanted that, but it was totally out of my hands."<ref name="sos" /> In 2009, Hetfield said that the bass was obscured as the basslines often doubled his rhythm guitar, making the instruments indiscernible, and because the low frequencies were competing with his "[[Smiley face curve|scooped]]" guitar sound.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Bienstock |first=Richard |date=December 2008 |title=Metallica: Talkin' Thrash |url=http://www.guitarworld.com/metallica-talkin-thrash?page=0,6 |url-status=dead |journal=[[Guitar World]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012091204/http://www.guitarworld.com/metallica-talkin-thrash?page=0,6 |archive-date=October 12, 2013 |access-date=June 14, 2013}}</ref>

Newsted was not satisfied with the final mix and was unhappy that the bass was inaudible.<ref name="sos" /> Thompson was also unhappy, and blamed Ulrich for the decision; he tried to quit the project, but was blocked by management.<ref name="Sound Mixer: Ulrich to Blame for 'And Justice For All' Bass" /> Rasmussen said in 2018: "I'm probably one of the only people in the world, including Jason and Toby Wright, the assistant engineer, who ''heard'' the bass tracks on ''And Justice for All'', and they are fucking brilliant."<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Grow |first=Kory |date=17 March 2016 |title=Metallica's 'And Justice for All': What Happened to the Bass? |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/metallica-producer-jason-newsteds-justice-bass-was-f-king-brilliant-234318/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |access-date=September 18, 2019 |archive-date=December 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219003727/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/metallica-producer-jason-newsteds-justice-bass-was-f-king-brilliant-234318/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2019, Hetfield and Ulrich said they had mixed the bass low not to belittle Newsted, but because their hearing was "shot" following heavy touring and so they "basically kept turning everything else up until the bass disappeared".<ref>{{Cite web |title=James Hetfield Explains Why Metallica's ...And Justice For All Has No Bass |url=https://www.kerrang.com/the-news/james-hetfield-explains-why-metallicas-and-justice-for-all-has-no-bass/ |access-date=2019-09-18 |website=Kerrang! |archive-date=August 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819131439/https://www.kerrang.com/the-news/james-hetfield-explains-why-metallicas-and-justice-for-all-has-no-bass/ |url-status=live }}</ref> They decided not to adjust the mix for the remastered 2018 reissue, saying: "These records are a product of a certain time in life; they're snapshots of history and they're part of our story ''... And Justice for All'' could use a little more low end and ''[[St. Anger]]'' could use a little less tin snare drum, but those things are what make those records part of our history."<ref>{{Cite web |first=Christopher |last=Scapelliti |date=February 21, 2017 |title=James Hetfield Tells Why He's Against Fixing the Bass on '...And Justice for All' |url=https://www.guitarworld.com/artists/james-hetfield-tells-why-hes-against-fixing-bass-and-justice-all |access-date=2019-09-18 |website=guitarworld |language=en |archive-date=March 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302033534/https://www.guitarworld.com/artists/james-hetfield-tells-why-hes-against-fixing-bass-and-justice-all |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Music==
{{quote box|width=27%|salign=right
|quote=We took the ''[[Ride the Lightning]]'' and ''[[Master of Puppets]]'' concept as far as we could take it. There was no place else to go with the progressive, nutty, sideways side of Metallica, and I'm so proud of the fact that, in some way, that album is kind of the epitome of that progressive side of us up through the '80s.|source=—[[Lars Ulrich]], on the band's direction for the album<ref name="MTV"/>}}
{{quote box|width=27%|salign=right
|quote=This is completely sublimated rock, on a quest for a purity of form, light years beyond [[Cock rock|raunch]] or [[blues rock]]. Metallica turn [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]]'s melodrama into algebra. This isn't [[thrash metal|thrash]], but [[wikt:thresh|thresh]]: mechanized mayhem. There's no blur, no mess, not even at peak velocity, but a rigorous grid of incisions and contusions.|source=—[[Simon Reynolds]], on the album's music<ref name="Reynolds"/>}}

''...And Justice for All'' is a musically progressive album featuring long and complex songs,<ref>{{cite book|last=Edmondson|first=Jacqueline|year=2013|title=Music in American Life: An Encyclopedia of the Songs, Styles, Stars, and Stories That Shaped Our Culture|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-39348-8|page=708}}</ref> fast [[tempo]]s and few [[verse–chorus form|verse-chorus]] structures.<ref name="RS"/> Metallica decided to broaden its sonic range, writing songs with multiple sections, heavy guitar [[arpeggio]]s and unusual [[time signature]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gulla|first=Bob|author-link=Bob Gulla|title=Guitar Gods: The 25 Players who Made Rock History|year=2009|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-35806-7|page=104}}</ref> Hetfield explained: "Songwriting-wise, [the album] was just us really showing off and trying to show what we could do. 'We've jammed six riffs into one song? Let's make it eight. Let's go crazy with it.'"<ref name="MTV">{{cite news|year=2008|title=Metallica Look Back At ... And Justice For All|work=[[MTV News]]|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1592409/metallica-look-back-at-justice-all-metal-file.jhtml|access-date=June 9, 2013|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203135057/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1592409/metallica-look-back-at-justice-all-metal-file.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Critic [[Simon Reynolds]] noted the riff changes and experimentation with [[timing (music)|timing]] on the album's intricately constructed songs: "The tempo shifts, gear changes, lapses, decelerations and abrupt halts".<ref name="Reynolds" /> [[BBC Music]]'s Eamonn Stack wrote that ''...And Justice for All'' sounds different from the band's previous albums, with longer songs, sparser arrangements, and harsher vocals by Hetfield.<ref name="BBC">{{cite web|last=Stack|first=Eamonn|date=April 18, 2007|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/5f54|title=BBC Review|work=[[BBC Music]], BBC News|access-date=June 9, 2013|archive-date=November 14, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114054005/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/5f54|url-status=live}}</ref> According to journalist [[Martin Popoff]], the album is less melodic than its predecessors because of its frequent tempo changes, unusual song structures and layered guitars. He argued that the album is more of a [[progressive metal]] record because of its intricately performed music and bleak sound.<ref name="Popoff">{{cite book|last=Popoff|first=Martin|author-link=Martin Popoff|title=Metallica: The Complete Illustrated History|page=81|year=2013|publisher=Voyageur Press|isbn=978-0-7603-4482-8}}</ref> Music writer [[Joel McIver]] called the album's music aggressive enough for Metallica to maintain its place with bands "at the mellower end of [[extreme metal]]".<ref name="McIver" /> According to writer [[Christopher Knowles (comics)|Christopher Knowles]], Metallica took "the thrash concept to its logical conclusion" on the album.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Secret History of Rock 'n' Roll|last=Knowles|first=Christopher|author-link=Christopher Knowles (comics)|year=2010|page=163|publisher=Cleis Press|isbn=978-1-57344-564-1}}</ref>

==Lyrics==
{{Listen
|filename = Metallica - And Justice for All.ogg
|title = "...And Justice for All"
|description = The title track is based on an aggressive riff and a drum pattern by Ulrich.<ref name="McIver"/>
|filename2 = Metallica - One.ogg
|title2 = "One"
|description2 = "One" was inspired by the novel ''[[Johnny Got His Gun]]'' and the movie [[Johnny Got His Gun (film)|of the same name]]. It begins with [[overdubbed]] guitars, which eventually convert to powerful riffing.<ref name="Classic Rock">{{cite web|title=...And Justice for All by Metallica|url=http://www.classicrockreview.com/2013/07/1988-metallica-justice/|work=[[Classic Rock (magazine)|Classic Rock]]|date=July 10, 2013|access-date=January 6, 2014|archive-date=January 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106231649/http://www.classicrockreview.com/2013/07/1988-metallica-justice/|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

The album title was revealed in April 1988: ''...And Justice for All'', after the final words of the Pledge of Allegiance.<ref name="Dome">{{cite book|title=Metallica: The Music and the Mayhem|date=2011|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-0-85712-721-1|editor1-last=Dome|editor1-first=Malcolm|pages=Chapter 10|editor2-last=Wall|editor2-first=Mick}}</ref> The lyrics address political and legal injustice as seen through the prism of war (including nuclear war) and censored speech.<ref name="Popoff"/> The majority of the songs raise issues that differ from the violent retaliation of the previous releases.<ref name="Irwin"/> Tom King writes that for the first time the lyrics dealt with political and environmental issues. He named contemporaries [[Nuclear Assault]] as the only other band who applied ecological lyrics to thrash metal songs rather than singing about [[Satan]] and [[Egyptian plagues]].<ref>{{cite book|last=King|first=Tom|title=Metallica&nbsp;– Uncensored On the Record|year=2011|publisher=Coda Books Ltd|location=Great Britain|isbn=978-1-908538-55-0|pages=Chapter 25}}</ref> McIver noted that Hetfield, the band's main lyricist, wrote about topics that he had not addressed before, such as his revolt against [[the establishment]].<ref name="McIver"/> Ulrich described the songwriting process as their "[[CNN]] years", with him and Hetfield watching the channel in search for song subjects—"I'd read about the blacklisting thing, we'd get a title, 'The Shortest Straw,' and a song would come out of that."<ref>{{cite magazine |first=David |last=Fricke |author-link=David Fricke |title=Metallica: Rolling Stone |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/metallica-from-metal-to-main-street-99742/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=November 14, 1991 |access-date=November 13, 2018 |archive-date=November 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060642/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/metallica-from-metal-to-main-street-99742/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Concerns about the state of the environment ("[[Blackened (song)|Blackened]]"), corruption ("[[...And Justice for All (song)|...And Justice for All]]"), and blacklisting and discrimination ("The Shortest Straw") are emphasized with traditional [[existential]] themes.<ref name="Irwin">{{cite book|last=Irwin|first=William|author-link=William Irwin (philosopher)|title=Metallica and Philosophy: A Crash Course in Brain Surgery|year=2007|publisher=Wiley|location=Pennsylvania|isbn=978-1-4051-6348-4|page=63}}</ref> Issues such as freedom of speech and civil liberties ("[[Eye of the Beholder (song)|Eye of the Beholder]]") are presented from a grim and pessimistic point of view.<ref name="Winwood">{{cite book|editor1-first=Paul|editor1-last=Brannigan|editor2-first=Ian|editor2-last=Winwood|title=Birth School Metallica Death|year=2013|publisher=Faber & Faber|isbn=978-0-571-29416-9|pages=Chapter 8}}</ref> "One" was unofficially nicknamed an "antiwar anthem" for its lyrics, which portray the suffering of a wounded soldier.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ray|first=Michael|title=Disco, Punk, New Wave, Heavy Metal, and More: Music in the 1970s and 1980s|year=2013|publisher=Britannica Educational Publishing|location=New York|page=53}}</ref> "Dyers Eve" is a lyrical rant from Hetfield to his parents.<ref name="McIver">{{cite book|last=McIver|first=Joel|author-link=Joel McIver|title=Justice For All&nbsp;– The Truth About Metallica|year=2004|publisher=Music Sales Group|isbn=0-85712-009-3|pages=Chapter 16}}</ref> Burton received co-writing credit on "To Live Is to Die" as the bass line is a medley of unused recordings Burton had performed prior to his death. Because the original recordings are not used on the track, the composition is credited as written by Burton and played by Newsted. The [[spoken word]] section of the song was erroneously attributed in its entirety to Burton in the liner notes. The first line was actually from the film ''[[Excalibur (film)|Excalibur]]'' ("When a man lies, he murders some part of the world.")<ref name="W.Irwin">{{cite book|last=Irwin|first=William|author-link=William Irwin (philosopher)|title=Metallica and Philosophy: A Crash Course in Brain Surgery|year=2007|publisher=Wiley|location=Pennsylvania|isbn=978-1-4051-6348-4|page=23}}</ref> while the second line comes from ''[[Lord Foul's Bane]]'', a fantasy novel by American writer [[Stephen R. Donaldson]] ("These are the pale deaths which men miscall their lives.").<ref>{{cite book|last=Donaldson|first=Stephen R.|title=Lord Foul's Bane|year=1977|publisher=Holt, Rinehart and Winston|isbn=0-8050-1272-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Barkley|first=Christine|title=Stephen R. Donaldson and the Modern Epic Vision|year=2009|publisher=McFarland & Company, Inc.|isbn=978-0-7864-4288-1|page=47}}</ref> The second half of the speech ("All this I cannot bear to witness any longer. Cannot the kingdom of salvation take me home?") was written by Burton.<ref name="Burton">{{cite book|last=McIver|first=Joel|title=To Live Is to Die: The Life and Death of Metallica's Cliff Burton|year=2009|publisher=Jawbone Press|isbn=978-1-906002-24-4|page=227}}</ref>

==Artwork==
The artwork was created by Stephen Gorman, based on a concept developed by Hetfield and Ulrich. It depicts a cracked statue of a blindfolded [[Lady Justice]], bound by ropes with her breasts exposed and her scales overflowing with dollar bills, with the title in [[graffiti]] style.<ref name="booklet" />

==Critical reception==
{{Music ratings
| MC = 93/100<br />{{small|(expanded edition)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/and-justice-for-all-30th-anniversary-expanded-edition/metallica |title=...And Justice for All [30th Anniversary Expanded Edition] by Metallica Reviews and Tracks |website=[[Metacritic]] |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=October 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031200110/https://www.metacritic.com/music/and-justice-for-all-30th-anniversary-expanded-edition/metallica |url-status=live }}</ref>
|rev1 = [[AllMusic]]
|rev1Score = {{rating|4.5|5}}<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web|last=Huey|first=Steve|title=Metallica: ...And Justice for All|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/and-justice-for-all-mw0000196917|work=AllMusic|access-date=July 13, 2013|archive-date=October 25, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151025165631/http://www.allmusic.com/album/and-justice-for-all-mw0000196917|url-status=live}}</ref>
|rev2 = ''[[Chicago Tribune]]''
|rev2Score = {{Rating|2.5|4}}<ref name="Kot">{{cite news|last=Kot|first=Greg|author-link=Greg Kot|date=December 1, 1991|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1991-12-01/entertainment/9104180330_1_star-cliff-burton-classic-status|title=A Guide to Metallica's Recordings|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|access-date=July 28, 2013|archive-date=September 27, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927224542/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1991-12-01/entertainment/9104180330_1_star-cliff-burton-classic-status|url-status=live}}</ref>
|rev3 = ''[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]''
|rev3Score = {{Rating|3|5}}<ref name="Larkin">{{cite book|last=Larkin|first=Colin|author-link=Colin Larkin (writer)|year=2006|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=725|isbn=0-19-531373-9|edition=4th|volume=5}}</ref>
|rev4 = ''[[Metal Forces]]''
|rev4Score = 10/10<ref name="Metal Forces">{{cite journal|last=Krgin|first=Borivoj|title=Metallica&nbsp;– ''...And Justice For All''|url=http://www.metalforcesmagazine.com/site/album-review-metallica-and-justice-for-all/|journal=[[Metal Forces]]|publisher=Rockzone Publications Ltd|year=1988|issue=31|access-date=August 9, 2013|archive-date=August 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827003653/http://www.metalforcesmagazine.com/site/album-review-metallica-and-justice-for-all/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|rev5 = ''[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]''
|rev5score= 9.3/10<ref>{{cite web |last=Collins |first=Sean T. |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/metallica-and-justice-for-all/ |title=Metallica – ...And Justice for All |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] |access-date=November 3, 2018 |archive-date=April 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417124727/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/metallica-and-justice-for-all/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|rev6 = ''[[Q magazine|Q]]''
|rev6Score = {{Rating|4|5}}<ref name="Qmag">{{cite journal|title=Review: ''...And Justice for All''|journal=[[Q magazine|Q]]|publisher=Bauer Media Group|location=London|issue=Summer|year=2001|page=127|url=http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=7767058&style=music&fulldesc=T|access-date=April 29, 2013|archive-date=February 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224202303/http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=7767058&style=music&fulldesc=T|url-status=live}}</ref>
|rev7 = ''[[Rock Hard (magazine)|Rock Hard]]''
|rev7Score = 9.5/10<ref name="Rock Hard">{{cite web|last=Stratmann|first=Holger|language=de|title=''...And Justice For All''|url=http://www.rockhard.de/megazine/reviewarchiv/review-anzeigen/6193-and-justice-for-all.html|work=Rock Hard|publisher=Holger Stratmann|access-date=February 1, 2014|archive-date=February 21, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221024043/http://www.rockhard.de/megazine/reviewarchiv/review-anzeigen/6193-and-justice-for-all.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|rev8 = ''[[Rolling Stone]]''
|rev8Score = {{rating|4|5}}<ref name="RS">{{cite magazine|first=Michael|last=Azerrad|author-link=Michael Azerrad|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/and-justice-for-all-19881103|title=''And Justice for All'' by Metallica {{pipe}} Rolling Stone Music|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=November 3, 1988|access-date=August 15, 2011|archive-date=April 6, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406065625/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-album-reviews/and-justice-for-all-249897/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|rev9 = ''[[The Rolling Stone Album Guide]]''
|rev9Score = {{Rating|4.5|5}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Brackett|first1=Nathan|last2=Hoard|first2=Christian David|title=[[The New Rolling Stone Album Guide]]|date=2004|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=0-7432-0169-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/newrollingstonea00brac/page/538 538]}}</ref>
|rev10 = ''[[The Village Voice]]''
|rev10Score = C+<ref name="Christgau">{{cite news|last=Christgau|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Christgau|date=March 14, 1989|url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/cgv289-89.php|title=Christgau's Consumer Guide|newspaper=[[The Village Voice]]|location=New York|access-date=April 29, 2013|archive-date=March 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317154905/http://robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/cgv289-89.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

Released on August 25, 1988,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.metallica.com/releases/and-justice-for-all.asp| title=…And Justice for All| publisher=Metallica | access-date=August 21, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111103113522/http://www.metallica.com/releases/and-justice-for-all.asp |archive-date=November 3, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> by [[Elektra Records]],<ref name="us cert">{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=and+justice+for+all#search_section|title=American album certifications&nbsp;– Metallica&nbsp;– ''And Justice for All''|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|access-date=July 28, 2013|archive-date=May 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515135606/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=and+justice+for+all#search_section|url-status=live}}</ref> ''...And Justice for All'' was acclaimed by [[music journalism|music critics]].<ref>{{cite news|first=Tim|last=Louie|url=http://www.theaquarian.com/2013/05/22/interview-with-newsted-returning-with-his-own-metal/|title=Interview with Newsted: Returning With His Own "Metal"|newspaper=[[The Aquarian Weekly]]|date=May 22, 2013|access-date=June 9, 2013|archive-date=October 12, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012133504/http://www.theaquarian.com/2013/05/22/interview-with-newsted-returning-with-his-own-metal/|url-status=live}}</ref> In a contemporary review for ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', Michael Azerrad said that Metallica's compositions are impressive and called the album's music "a marvel of precisely channeled aggression".<ref name="RS"/> ''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]'' magazine's Sharon Liveten called it a "gem of a double record" and found the music both edgy and technically proficient.<ref name="Spin">{{cite journal|last=Liveten|first=Sharon|page=97|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ffg2qNLJucC&pg=PA97|title=Spins|journal=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]|publisher=Spin Media|location=New York|volume=4|issue=8|access-date=May 9, 2013|date=November 1988}}</ref> Simon Reynolds, writing in ''[[Melody Maker]]'', said that "other bands would [[wikt:give one's eye-teeth|give their eye teeth]]" for the songs' riffs and found the album's densely complicated style of metal to be distinct from the monotonous sound of contemporary rock music: "Everything depends on utter punctuality and supreme surgical finesse. It's probably the most incisive music I've ever heard, in the literal sense of the word."<ref name="Reynolds">{{cite journal|title=...And Justice for All|journal=[[Melody Maker]]|last=Reynolds|first=Simon|author-link=Simon Reynolds|page=36|volume=64|issue=37|date=September 10, 1988}}</ref> Borivoj Krgin of ''[[Metal Forces]]'' said that it was the most ideal album he has heard because of typically exceptional production and musicianship that is more impressive than that of ''Master of Puppets''.<ref name="Metal Forces"/> In a less enthusiastic review for ''[[The Village Voice]]'', [[Robert Christgau]] believed that the band's compositions lack song form and that the album "goes on longer" than ''Master of Puppets''.<ref name="Christgau"/> In 1988, ''...And Justice for All'' was nominated for a [[Grammy Award]] for [[Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance Vocal or Instrumental|Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance]], but controversially lost to [[Jethro Tull (band)|Jethro Tull]]'s ''[[Crest of a Knave]]''.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Rockin' on an Island|url=http://www.tullpress.com/k30sept89.htm|journal=[[Kerrang!]]|issue=258|publisher=[[Bauer Media Group]]|date=September 30, 1989|access-date=September 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514210838/http://www.tullpress.com/k30sept89.htm|archive-date=May 14, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2007, ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', named this one of the 10 biggest upsets in Grammy history.<ref>{{cite magazine|year=2007|title=Grammy's 10 Biggest Upsets|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|url=https://ew.com/gallery/grammys-10-biggest-upsets/|access-date=February 13, 2007|archive-date=November 8, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101108061504/http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0%2C%2C20010795%2C00.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In a retrospective review, [[Greg Kot]] of the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' said that ''...And Justice for All'' was both the band's "most ambitious" and ultimately "flattest-sounding" album.<ref name="Kot"/> [[AllMusic]]'s Steve Huey noted that Metallica followed the blueprint of the previous two albums, with more sophisticated songs and "apocalyptic" lyrics that envisioned a society in decay.<ref name="Allmusic"/> Music journalist [[Mick Wall]] was critical of the progressive elements on the album and believed that, apart from "One" and "Dyers Eve", most of the album sounded clumsy.<ref name="M.Wall">{{cite book|last=Wall|first=Mick|author-link=Mick Wall|title=Enter Night: A Biography of Metallica|pages=10, 296|year=2010|publisher=Orion Publishing Group|location=New York|isbn=978-1-4091-1296-9}}</ref> [[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]], writing in the ''[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]'' (2006), noted that, apart from the praiseworthy "One", the album diminished the band's creativity by concentrating the songs with too many riffs.<ref name="Larkin"/> Ulrich said in retrospect that the album has improved with time and it is well-liked among their contemporaries.<ref name="MTV"/>

===Accolades===
In ''The Village Voice''{{'}}s annual [[Pazz & Jop]] critics poll, it was voted the 39th best album of 1988, having received 117 points within 12 top-ten votes.<ref>{{cite news|title=The 1988 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll|url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/pnj/pjres88.php|newspaper=The Village Voice|location=New York|date=February 28, 1989|access-date=January 12, 2014|archive-date=December 24, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224162931/http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/pnj/pjres88.php|url-status=live}}</ref> The album was ranked at number nine on [[IGN]]'s "Top 25 Metal Albums".<ref>{{cite web|title=Top 25 Metal Albums|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2007/01/20/top-25-metal-albums?page=5|work=[[IGN]]|date=January 20, 2007|access-date=June 14, 2013|archive-date=June 18, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618042600/http://www.ign.com/articles/2007/01/20/top-25-metal-albums?page=5|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Guitar World]]'' lists all of its tracks on "The 100 Greatest Metallica Songs of All Time".<ref>{{cite journal|author=''Guitar World'' staff|title=The 100 Greatest Metallica Songs of All Time|url=http://www.guitarworld.com/100-greatest-songs-by-metallica|access-date=June 13, 2013|journal=Guitar World|date=June 7, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705174923/http://www.guitarworld.com/100-greatest-songs-by-metallica|archive-date=July 5, 2013}}</ref> ''[[Kerrang!]]'' listed the album at number 42 among the "100 Greatest Heavy Metal Albums of All Time".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Rhodes|first=Al|journal=[[Kerrang!]]|title=Metallica '...And Justice for All'|volume=222|publisher=Spotlight Publications Ltd.|date=January 21, 1989|location=London, UK}}</ref> Martin Popoff ranks it at number 19 in his book ''The Top 500 Heavy Metal Albums of All Time'', the fourth highest ranked Metallica album on the list.<ref name="500 Albums">{{cite book|last=Popoff|first=Martin|title=The Top 500 Heavy Metal Albums of All Time|year=2004|publisher=ECW Press|location=Toronto, Canada|isbn=978-1-55022-600-3|pages=Chapter 19}}</ref> It is featured in Robert Dimery's ''[[1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die]]''.<ref name="1001albums">{{cite book|title=[[1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die]]|year=2005|editor1-first=Robert|editor1-last=Dimery|editor2-first=Joel|editor2-last=McIver|edition=1st|publisher=Universe Publishing|isbn=978-0-7893-1371-3|page=596}}</ref> In 2017, it was ranked 21st on ''[[Rolling Stone]]''{{'s}} list of "100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time".<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Epstein|first1=Dan|title=100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-100-greatest-metal-albums-of-all-time-w486923/pantera-far-beyond-driven-1994-w487081|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|publisher=Wenner Media LLC|access-date=June 22, 2017|date=June 21, 2017|archive-date=August 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810090739/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-100-greatest-metal-albums-of-all-time-w486923/pantera-far-beyond-driven-1994-w487081|url-status=live}}</ref>

After years of refusing to release music videos, Metallica released its first for "One".<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Metallica&nbsp;– "One"|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/pictures/readers-poll-the-10-greatest-videos-of-the-1980s-20131030/8-metallica-one-0777523|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=October 28, 2013|access-date=January 5, 2013|archive-date=November 1, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101194508/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/pictures/readers-poll-the-10-greatest-videos-of-the-1980s-20131030/8-metallica-one-0777523|url-status=live}}</ref> The video was controversial among fans, who had valued the band's apparent opposition to [[MTV]] and other forms of mainstream music. ''[[Slant Magazine]]'' ranked it number 48 on their list of the "100 Greatest Music Videos", saying that Metallica "evoke a revolution of the soul far more devastating than that presented in the original text".<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Cinquemani|first=Sal|title=100 Greatest Music Videos (No. 50 to No. 40)|magazine=[[Slant Magazine]]|date=June 30, 2003|location=London, UK}}</ref> The guitar solo was ranked number seven in ''Guitar World''{{'}}s compilation of the "100 Greatest Guitar Solos" of all time.<ref name=100solos>{{cite journal|title=100 Greatest Guitar Solos|url=http://guitar.about.com/library/bl100greatest.htm|journal=Guitar World|access-date=April 17, 2011|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://archive.today/20160305022334/http://guitar.about.com/od/guitaristsatoz/tp/100-Greatest-Guitar-Solos.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Additionally, heavy metal website [[Noisecreep]] classed the song ninth among the "10 Best '80s Metal Songs".<ref name="Noisecreep">{{cite web|title=10 Best '80s Metal Songs|last=Crawford|first=Allyson B.|work=[[Noisecreep]]|url=http://www.noisecreep.com/2010/01/18/top-10-best-80s-metal-songs/|access-date=June 9, 2013|archive-date=May 24, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524215510/http://www.noisecreep.com/2010/01/18/top-10-best-80s-metal-songs/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Commercial performance==
Although Metallica's music was considered unappealing for mainstream radio, ''...And Justice for All'' was highly successful in the US.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Klaine|first=Ted|title=Metal Telepathy|journal=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]|publisher=Foundation For National Progress|volume=16|issue=5|page=18|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8OYDAAAAMBAJ&q=metallica+...And+Justice+for+All+sales&pg=PA18|access-date=July 27, 2013|date=September–October 1991|archive-date=March 2, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302144235/https://books.google.com/books?id=8OYDAAAAMBAJ&q=metallica+...And+Justice+for+All+sales&pg=PA18|url-status=live}}</ref> It became Metallica's best-selling album upon release,<ref>{{cite web|last=Hart|first=Josh|title=Metallica's '...And Justice For All' to Be Made Available on Green Vinyl|url=http://www.guitarworld.com/metallicas-and-justice-all-be-made-available-green-vinyl|work=Guitar World|access-date=June 14, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623042000/http://www.guitarworld.com/metallicas-and-justice-all-be-made-available-green-vinyl|archive-date=June 23, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> peaking at number six on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], where it charted for 83 weeks.<ref name="bb">{{cite magazine|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=metallica|chart=Billboard 200}} |title=Metallica&nbsp;– Chart history |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=May 11, 2013 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6GWtUSMdI?url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/310639/Metallica/chart?f=305&sort=timeon |archive-date=May 11, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> More than 9,700,000 copies have been sold in the United States since 1991, when [[Nielsen SoundScan]] began tracking sales.<ref name="USsales">{{cite web|last=Young|first=Simon|date=March 9, 2023|title=Here are the astonishing US sales stats for every Metallica album|url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/metallica-album-sales-us|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311130902/https://www.loudersound.com/features/metallica-album-sales-us |archive-date=March 11, 2023 |access-date=March 12, 2023|website=[[Metal Hammer]]}}</ref> It was certified platinum nine weeks after it was released in stores, and 1.7 million copies were sold in the US by the end of 1988.<ref name="MTV"/><ref name="Winwood"/> Since its release, the album has scanned more than 8 million copies in the US and, according to MTV's Chris Harris, "helped cement [Metallica's] status as a rock and roll force to be reckoned with".<ref name="MTV"/> ''[[Classic Rock (magazine)|Classic Rock]]'' explained that with this album, Metallica received substantial media exposure,<ref name="Classic Rock"/> becoming a multi-platinum act by 1990.<ref name="daddy">{{cite magazine|author1=Moses, Michael|author2=Kaye, Don|title=What Did You Do In The War, Daddy?|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=June 5, 1999|volume=111|issue=23|page=13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tQ0EAAAAMBAJ&q=metallica+...And+Justice+for+All+sales&pg=PA84|access-date=July 27, 2013|archive-date=March 2, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302144157/https://books.google.com/books?id=tQ0EAAAAMBAJ&q=metallica+...And+Justice+for+All+sales&pg=PA84|url-status=live}}</ref> The group broke through on radio in early 1989 with "One", which was released as the third single from the record.<ref>{{cite book|last=Campbell|first=Michael|title=Popular Music in America: And The Beat Goes On: And the Beat Goes on|year=2008|publisher=Clark Baxter|location=Boston|isbn=978-0-495-50530-3|page=320}}</ref> According to [[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']], the accompanying [[Damaged Justice]] tour evolved the band into arena headliners, while significant airplay was garnered by "One" and by the group's first music video.<ref name="daddy"/>

''...And Justice for All'' achieved similar chart success outside the United States. It topped the charts in [[The Official Finnish Charts|Finland]], peaked within the top five on the charts in [[Media Control Charts|Germany]], [[Sverigetopplistan|Sweden]], and the [[UK Albums Chart|United Kingdom]], and remained on the UK chart for six weeks.<ref name="Finnish charts">{{cite web|url=http://suomenalbumilistat.blogspot.com/2014/07/syyskuu-1988-september.html|title=Finnish Album Charts|language=fi|publisher=Timo Pennanen|access-date=April 21, 2019|archive-date=April 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421120951/http://suomenalbumilistat.blogspot.com/2014/07/syyskuu-1988-september.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Hung Medien"/><ref name="ukcharts"/> The album managed to peak in the top ten on the [[VG-lista|Norwegian]] and [[Swiss Hitparade|Swiss]] album charts,<ref name="Hung Medien"/> as well as in Spain. It was less successful in Mexico and France, where it peaked at number 92 on the former chart, number 130 on the latter.<ref name="Hung Medien"/> ''...And Justice for All'' received a three times platinum certification from [[Music Canada]] for shipping 300,000 copies, a platinum certification from [[IFPI Finland]] for having a shipment of little over 50,000 copies, and was certified gold by the {{Lang|de|[[Bundesverband Musikindustrie]]|italic=no}} (BVMI) for shipments of 250,000 copies.<ref name="canada cert"/><ref name="finland cert"/><ref name="ger cert">{{cite web|url=http://www.musikindustrie.de/no_cache/gold_platin_datenbank/#topSearch |title=Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Metallica; 'And Justice for All') |publisher=[[Bundesverband Musikindustrie]] |id=In the ''Interpret'' field, insert ''Metallica'' |access-date=November 28, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202022835/http://www.musikindustrie.de/no_cache/gold_platin_datenbank/ |archive-date=December 2, 2013 }}</ref> It was awarded gold by the [[British Phonographic Industry]] in 2013 for shipping 100,000 copies in the UK.<ref name="uk cert">{{cite web|url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certified-awards.aspx |title=British album certifications&nbsp;– Metallica&nbsp;– ''And Justice for All'' |publisher=[[British Phonographic Industry]] |access-date=August 23, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209224203/http://www.bpi.co.uk/certified-awards.aspx |archive-date=February 9, 2014 }}</ref> ''...And Justice for All'' was surpassed commercially by the band's following album, ''[[Metallica (album)|Metallica]]'' (1991).<ref>{{cite book|last=Farr|first=Jory|title=Moguls and Madmen: The Pursuit of Power in Popular Music|year=1994|publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]|isbn=0-671-73946-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/mogulsmadmenpurs00farr/page/257 257]|url=https://archive.org/details/mogulsmadmenpurs00farr/page/257}}</ref>

==Live performances==
[[File:Metallica Damaged Justice Tour.jpg|thumbnail|right|Metallica onstage during the Damaged Justice Tour, 1989]]
Guitarist [[Kirk Hammett]] noted that the length of the songs was problematic for fans and for the band: "Touring behind it, we realized that the general consensus was that songs were too fucking long. One day after we played "[[...And Justice for All (song)|Justice]]" and got off the stage one of us said, 'we're never fucking playing that song again.{{'"}}<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Fricke|first=David|title=Metallica: From Metal to Main Street|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/metallica-from-metal-to-main-street-19911114?page=3|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=November 14, 1991|access-date=June 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150816031049/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/metallica-from-metal-to-main-street-19911114?page=3|archive-date=August 16, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nevertheless, "[[One (Metallica song)|One]]" quickly became a permanent fixture in the band's setlist. When performed live, the opening war sound is lengthened from seventeen seconds to approximately two minutes. At the song's conclusion, the stage turns pitch-black and fire erupts from around the stage. The live performance is characterized as a "musical and visual highlight" by ''Rolling Stone'' journalist Denise Sheppard.<ref name="One live">{{cite magazine|last=Sheppard|first=Denise|title=Metallica Bring 'The Full Arsenal' 3D Show to Vancouver|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/metallica-brings-the-full-arsenal-3d-show-to-vancouver-20120828|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=August 28, 2012|access-date=June 10, 2013|archive-date=September 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915114148/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/metallica-brings-the-full-arsenal-3d-show-to-vancouver-20120828|url-status=live}}</ref> Other songs from ''...And Justice for All'' that have frequently been performed are "Blackened" and "[[Harvester of Sorrow]]", which were often featured during the album's promotional [[Damaged Justice Tour]].

Metallica played the title track in the opening show of the [[Sick of the Studio '07]] tour, for the first time since October 1989, and made it a set-fixture for the remainder of that tour. A statue of Lady Justice is commonly placed on the scene, to be torn down as the song approaches its conclusion.<ref>{{cite web|last=Florino|first=Rick|title=Exclusive: James Hetfield of Metallica Reflects on "...And Justice for All"|url=http://www.artistdirect.com/entertainment-news/article/exclusive-james-hetfield-of-metallica-reflects-on-and-justice-for-all/10856255|publisher=[[Artistdirect]]|date=November 7, 2013|access-date=January 10, 2014|archive-date=September 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912012235/http://www.artistdirect.com/entertainment-news/article/exclusive-james-hetfield-of-metallica-reflects-on-and-justice-for-all/10856255|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2009, "The Shortest Straw" returned to the setlist during the [[World Magnetic Tour]] after a 12-year absence, and has been sporadically performed since.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hart |first=Josh |title=Video: Metallica Perform "The Shortest Straw" in Helsinki, Finland |url=http://www.guitarworld.com/video-metallica-perform-shortest-straw-helsinki-finland |work=Guitar World |date=June 18, 2012 |access-date=June 10, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621231309/http://www.guitarworld.com/video-metallica-perform-shortest-straw-helsinki-finland |archive-date=June 21, 2013 }}</ref> "Eye of the Beholder" has not been played live since 1989; one such performance appears on Metallica's live extended play ''[[Six Feet Down Under]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bosso|first=Joe|title=Metallica to release The Six Feet Down Under EP|url=http://www.musicradar.com/news/guitars/metallica-to-release-the-six-feet-down-under-ep-276768#null|date=September 9, 2010|work=[[MusicRadar]]|access-date=June 10, 2013|archive-date=December 5, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205024159/http://www.musicradar.com/news/guitars/metallica-to-release-the-six-feet-down-under-ep-276768#null|url-status=live}}</ref> "Dyers Eve" debuted live in 2004, sixteen years after it was recorded, during the [[Madly in Anger with the World Tour]] at [[The Forum (Inglewood)|The Forum]] in Inglewood, California.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Prato|first=Greg|title=Dyers Eve|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/dyers-eve-metallica|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=June 13, 2012|access-date=June 10, 2013|archive-date=August 20, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140820044924/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/dyers-eve-metallica|url-status=live}}</ref> "To Live Is to Die" premiered at the band's 30th-anniversary concert in 2011 at [[The Fillmore]] in San Francisco.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Fricke|first=David|title=Metallica's Star-Studded 30th Anniversary Residency Includes Rarities, Curve Balls|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/blogs/alternate-take/metallicas-star-studded-30th-anniversary-residency-includes-rarities-curve-balls-20111208|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=December 8, 2011|access-date=June 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227033000/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/blogs/alternate-take/metallicas-star-studded-30th-anniversary-residency-includes-rarities-curve-balls-20111208|archive-date=February 27, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> "The Frayed Ends of Sanity", the last song on the album to be performed live, debuted live in [[Helsinki]] on the Metallica By Request tour in 2014,<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Grow|first=Kory|title=Metallica Give Fan Favorite 'Frayed Ends' a Live Debut, 26 Years Later|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/metallica-give-fan-favorite-frayed-ends-a-live-debut-26-years-later-20140529|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=May 29, 2014|access-date=August 19, 2014|archive-date=September 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904065349/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/metallica-give-fan-favorite-frayed-ends-a-live-debut-26-years-later-20140529|url-status=live}}</ref> although the band had previously played segments during solos, impromptu jams, or in a "Justice" medley.{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}

==Track listing==
===Original release===
All lyrics written by [[James Hetfield]], except for the [[spoken word]] section of "To Live Is to Die", posthumously attributed to [[Cliff Burton]] as it was adapted from four lines Burton authored.<ref>{{cite book|last=McIver|first=Joel|title=To Live is to Die: The Life and Death of Metallica's Cliff Burton|page=227|publisher=Jawbone Press|year=2009|isbn=9781906002244}}</ref> The bonus tracks on the digital re-release were recorded live at the [[Seattle Coliseum]], [[Seattle]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]] on August 29 and 30, 1989, and later appeared on the live album ''[[Live Shit: Binge & Purge]]'' (1993).
{{Track listing
| headline = Side one
| title1 = [[Blackened (song)|Blackened]]
| music1 = {{hlist|Hetfield||[[Lars Ulrich]]|[[Jason Newsted]]}}
| length1 = 6:42
| title2 = [[...And Justice for All (song)|...And Justice for All]]
| music2 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich|[[Kirk Hammett]]}}
| length2 = 9:46
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side two
| title3 = [[Eye of the Beholder (song)|Eye of the Beholder]]
| music3 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich|Hammett}}
| length3 = 6:25
| title4 = [[One (Metallica song)|One]]
| music4 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich}}
| length4 = 7:26
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side three
| title5 = The Shortest Straw
| music5 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich}}
| length5 = 6:35
| title6 = [[Harvester of Sorrow]]
| music6 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich}}
| length6 = 5:45
| title7 = The Frayed Ends of Sanity
| music7 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich|Hammett}}
| length7 = 7:43
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side four
| title8 = To Live Is to Die
| music8 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich|Burton}}
| length8 = 9:49
| title9 = Dyers Eve
| music9 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich|Hammett}}
| length9 = 5:14
| total_length = 65:25
}}

===2018 deluxe box set===
In 2018, the album was remastered and reissued in a limited edition deluxe box set with an expanded track listing and bonus content. The deluxe edition set includes the original album on vinyl and CD, three LPs with a remixed and remastered version of the concerts performed at the [[Climate Pledge Arena|Seattle Coliseum]], [[Seattle|Seattle, Washington]] on August 29 and 30, 1989 (originally included in the box set ''[[Live Shit: Binge & Purge]]''), eleven CDs of live tracks, demo recordings, B-sides, rough mixes, and radio edits recorded from 1986 to 1989, and four DVDs of unreleased footage of the band.<ref>{{cite web |title=...And Justice for All (Remastered) - Deluxe Box Set |url=https://www.metallica.com/store/and-justice-for-all-remastered-deluxe/REAJFADLX.html |website=Metallica.com |publisher=Metallica, Blackened Recordings |access-date=27 March 2020 |archive-date=December 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218095125/https://www.metallica.com/store/and-justice-for-all-remastered-deluxe/REAJFADLX.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Personnel==
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.<ref name="booklet">{{cite book|title=...And Justice for All ''liner notes''|year=1988|publisher=[[Vertigo Records]]}}</ref>
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
'''Metallica'''
* [[James Hetfield]] – vocals, rhythm guitar, acoustic guitar, second guitar solo on "To Live Is to Die", production
* [[Kirk Hammett]] – lead guitar
* [[Jason Newsted]] – bass
* [[Lars Ulrich]] – drums, production

'''Production'''
* [[Flemming Rasmussen]] – production, engineering
* [[Toby Wright|Toby "Rage" Wright]] – assistant and additional engineering
* [[Mike Clink]] – drum engineering on "The Shortest Straw" and "Harvester of Sorrow"
* [[Steve Thompson (musician)|Steve Thompson]], [[Michael Barbiero]] – mixing
* George Cowan – assistant mixing engineer
* [[Bob Ludwig]] – mastering
* [[George Marino]] – 1995 remastering
* Reuben Cohen – 2018 remastering

{{col-2}}
'''Artwork'''
* James Hetfield, Lars Ulrich – cover concept
* Stephen Gorman – cover illustration
* [[Ross Halfin|Ross "Tobacco Road" Halfin]] – photography
* [[Pushead]] – hammer illustration
* Reiner Design Consultants, Inc. – design, layout
{{col-end}}

==Charts==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

===Weekly charts===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+Weekly chart performance for ''...And Justice for All''
!scope="col"|Chart (1988–2021)
!scope="col"|Peak<br />position
|-
!scope="row"|Australian Albums ([[ARIA Charts|ARIA]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|16
|-
!scope="row"|Austrian Albums ([[Ö3 Austria Top 40|Ö3 Austria]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|12
|-
!scope="row"|Belgian Albums ([[Ultratop]] Flanders)<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|25
|-
!scope="row"|Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|40
|-
!scope="row"|[[Canadian Albums Chart|Canadian Albums]] (''[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]'')<ref>{{cite web|title=RPM Top 100 Albums|url=http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.8686&type=1&interval=20&PHPSESSID=sp19smnjn4io5g2nmhli5tdfo5|work=[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]|date=October 15, 1988|access-date=September 25, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208130819/http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.8686&type=1&interval=20&PHPSESSID=sp19smnjn4io5g2nmhli5tdfo5|archive-date=December 8, 2015}}</ref>
|align="center"|13
|-
!scope="row"|Dutch Albums ([[Dutch Charts|Album Top 100]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|9
|-
!scope="row"|Finnish Albums ([[The Official Finnish Charts|Suomen virallinen lista]])<ref name="Finnish charts"/>
|align="center"|1
|-
!scope="row"|French Albums ([[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|SNEP]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|130
|-
!scope="row"|German Albums ([[GfK Entertainment charts|Offizielle Top 100]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/album-details-768|title=Offizielle Deutsche Charts – Offizielle Deutsche Charts|website=offiziellecharts.de|access-date=November 9, 2018|archive-date=November 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110003149/https://www.offiziellecharts.de/album-details-768|url-status=live}}</ref>
|align="center"|3
|-
!scope="row"|Hungarian Albums ([[Mahasz|MAHASZ]])<ref name="huncharts">{{cite web|url=http://zene.slagerlistak.hu/top-40-album-dvd-es-valogataslemez-lista/2018/45|title=Top 40 album-, DVD- és válogatáslemez-lista 2018. 45. hét|publisher=[[Mahasz]]|access-date=November 15, 2018|archive-date=November 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001406/http://zene.slagerlistak.hu/top-40-album-dvd-es-valogataslemez-lista/2018/45|url-status=live}}</ref>
|align="center"|22
|-
!scope="row"|[[Irish Albums Chart|Irish Albums]] ([[Irish Recorded Music Association|IRMA]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Metallica|title=Discography Metallica|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=November 22, 2021|archive-date=October 5, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005184905/http://www.irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Metallica|url-status=live}}</ref>
|align="center"|48
|-
!scope="row"|Italian Albums ([[Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana|FIMI]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|56
|-
!scope="row"|[[Oricon Albums Chart|Japanese Albums]] ([[Oricon]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/168605/products/880893/1/|title=メタル・ジャスティス {{!}} メタリカ|trans-title=...And Justice For All {{!}} Metallica|publisher=[[Oricon]]|access-date=November 22, 2021|archive-date=November 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123032958/https://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/168605/products/880893/1/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|align="center"|119
|-
!scope="row"|Mexican Albums ([[Top 100 Mexico]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|92
|-
!scope="row"|New Zealand Albums ([[Official New Zealand Music Chart|RMNZ]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|36
|-
!scope="row"|Norwegian Albums ([[VG-lista]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|8
|-
{{album chart|Poland|7|id=1328|rowheader=true|access-date=November 12, 2020}}
|-
!scope="row"|Portuguese Albums ([[Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa|AFP]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|9
|-
!scope="row"|Spanish Albums ([[Productores de Música de España|PROMUSICAE]])<ref>{{cite book|last=Salaverri|first=Fernando|title=Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002|edition=1st|date=September 2005|publisher=Fundación Autor-SGAE|location=Spain|isbn=84-8048-639-2}}</ref>
|align="center"|8
|-
!scope="row"|Swedish Albums ([[Sverigetopplistan]])<ref name="Hung Medien"/>
|align="center"|5
|-
!scope="row"|Swiss Albums ([[Swiss Hitparade|Schweizer Hitparade]])<ref name="Hung Medien">{{cite web|url=http://hitparade.ch/showitem.asp?interpret=Metallica&titel=%2E%2E%2EAnd+Justice+For+All&cat=a|title=Metallica&nbsp;– ''...And Justice for All''|publisher=Hung Medien|language=de|access-date=June 12, 2013|archive-date=December 6, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206001515/http://hitparade.ch/showitem.asp?interpret=Metallica&titel=%2E%2E%2EAnd+Justice+For+All&cat=a|url-status=live}}</ref>
|align="center"|7
|-
! scope="row" |[[UK Albums Chart|UK Albums]] ([[Official Charts Company|OCC]])<ref name="ukcharts">{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/24423/metallica/|title=Metallica {{!}} full Official Chart History|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=November 22, 2019|archive-date=April 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412140118/https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/24423/metallica/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|align="center"|4
|-
!scope="row"|US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]]<ref name="bb"/>
|align="center"|6
|}
{{col-2}}

===Year-end charts===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+1994 year-end chart performance for ''...And Justice for All''
!Chart (1994)
!Position
|-
!scope="row"|Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref name=aria94>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151102014251/http://i.imgur.com/3GuDxzg.jpg |title=The ARIA Australian Top 100 Albums 1994 |url=http://i.imgur.com/3GuDxzg.jpg|archive-date=November 2, 2015 |access-date=May 19, 2022 |publisher=Australian Record Industry Association Ltd.}}</ref>
|77
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+2002 year-end chart performance for ''...And Justice for All''
!Chart (2002)
!Position
|-
!scope="row"|Canadian Metal Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)<ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040812035533/http://www.jamshowbiz.com/JamMusicCharts/2002_metal.html|archivedate=August 12, 2004|url=http://www.jamshowbiz.com/JamMusicCharts/2002_metal.html|title=Top 100 Metal Albums of 2002|website=[[Jam!]]|accessdate=March 23, 2022}}</ref>
| 76
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+2020 year-end chart performance for ''...And Justice for All''
! Chart (2020)
! Position
|-
! scope="row"| Polish Albums (ZPAV)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/aktualnosci.php?idaktualnosci=1912|title=Najpopularniejsze single radiowe i najlepiej sprzedające się płyty 2020 roku|publisher=[[Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry]]|language=pl|access-date=January 28, 2021|archive-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131165041/http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/aktualnosci.php?idaktualnosci=1912|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 65
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+2021 year-end chart performance for ''...And Justice for All''
! Chart (2021)
! Position
|-
! scope="row"| Polish Albums (ZPAV)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/aktualnosci.php?idaktualnosci=2008|title=sanah podbija sprzedaż fizyczną w Polsce|publisher=[[Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry]]|language=pl|access-date=February 1, 2022|archive-date=February 1, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201145112/http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/aktualnosci.php?idaktualnosci=2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 54
|}
{{col-end}}

==Certifications==
{{certification Table Top|caption=Certifications and sales for ''...And Justice for All''}}
{{Certification Table Entry |type=album |region=Argentina |artist=Metallica |title=And Justice |award=Platinum |relyear=1991 |certyear=1991 |certref=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.capif.org.ar/Default.asp?PerDesde_MM=0&PerDesde_AA=0&PerHasta_MM=0&PerHasta_AA=0&interprete=&album=&LanDesde_MM=1&LanDesde_AA=1980&LanHasta_MM=12&LanHasta_AA=2010&Galardon=O&Tipo=1&ACCION2=+Buscar+&ACCION=Buscar&CO=5&CODOP=ESOP |archive-url=https://archive.today/20110706084844/http://www.capif.org.ar/Default.asp?PerDesde_MM=0&PerDesde_AA=0&PerHasta_MM=0&PerHasta_AA=0&interprete=&album=&LanDesde_MM=1&LanDesde_AA=1980&LanHasta_MM=12&LanHasta_AA=2010&Galardon=O&Tipo=1&ACCION2=+Buscar+&ACCION=Buscar&CO=5&CODOP=ESOP |archive-date=July 6, 2011 |title=Discos de oro y platino |access-date=October 3, 2019 |publisher=[[Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas]] |language=es |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Australia|type=album|award=Platinum|number=3|relyear=1988|certyear=2024|access-date=8 March 2024|refname="ARIA"}}
{{certification Table Entry |title=...And Justice for All |artist=Metallica |relyear=1988 |type=album |region=Canada |award=Platinum |number=3 |refname="canada cert"|access-date=July 28, 2013}}
{{certification Table Entry |title=...And Justice for All |artist=Metallica |relyear=1988 |type=album |region=Finland |award=Platinum |salesamount=51,051 |refname="finland cert"}}
{{Certification Table Entry |region=Germany |artist=Metallica |title=And Justice for All |relyear=1988 |certyear=2019 |type=album |award=Platinum |number=2 |access-date=May 25, 2019}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Italy|artist=Metallica|title=And Justice for All|relyear=1988|certyear=2024 |type=album|award=Gold|id=13595|access-date=November 18, 2024}}
{{Certification Table Entry |region=New Zealand |artist=Metallica |title=Justice for All |relyear=1988 |type=album |award=Gold |id=2010-09-24 |source=newchart |access-date=2024-11-20 |date= 27 September 2010}}
{{Certification Table Entry |region=Norway |artist=Metallica |title=Justice for All |relyear=1988 |certyear=1994 |type=album |award=Gold |access-date=October 4, 2019}}
{{Certification Table Entry |region=Poland |artist=Metallica |title=...And Justice for All |award=Platinum |type=album |relyear=1988 |certyear=2021 |access-date=February 24, 2021}}
{{Certification Table Entry |region=Switzerland |artist=Metallica |title=Justice for All |relyear=1988 |certyear=2003 |type=album |award=Platinum |access-date=October 4, 2019}}
{{Certification Table Entry |region=United Kingdom |artist=Metallica |title=And Justice for All |relyear=1988 |certyear=2024 |type=album |award=Platinum| id=9238-2158-2|access-date=March 1, 2024}}
{{certification Table Entry |title=And Justice for All |artist=Metallica |relyear=1988 |type=album |region=United States |award=Platinum |number=8|salesamount=9,700,000|salesref=<ref name="USsales"/>}}
{{Certification Table Bottom|streaming=true }}

==References==
{{reflist
|refs=

<ref name = Harvester2011-08-15>{{cite web|url=http://www.metallica.com/releases/harvester-of-sorrow.asp|title=Harvester of Sorrow release date|publisher=Metallica.com|access-date=August 15, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820140413/http://www.metallica.com/releases/harvester-of-sorrow.asp|archive-date=August 20, 2011}}</ref>

<ref name=Beholder2013-08-13>{{cite web|url=http://www.metallica.com/releases/eye-of-the-beholder.asp|title=Eye of the Beholder release date|publisher=Metallica.com|access-date=August 15, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117113854/http://www.metallica.com/releases/eye-of-the-beholder.asp|archive-date=January 17, 2013}}</ref>

<ref name = One2011-08-15>{{cite web|url=http://www.metallica.com/releases/one.asp|title=One release date|publisher=Metallica.com|access-date=August 15, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805094328/http://www.metallica.com/releases/one.asp|archive-date=August 5, 2011}}</ref>

}}

==External links==
*{{Discogs master|type=album|6571|name=...And Justice for All}}

{{Metallica}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:And Justice For All}}
[[Category:1988 albums]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Flemming Rasmussen]]
[[Category:Elektra Records albums]]
[[Category:Metallica albums]]
[[Category:Vertigo Records albums]]
[[Category:Progressive metal albums by American artists]]