Editing .kp

{{Short description|Internet country code top-level domain for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{original research|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox Top level domain
|name=.kp
|image=Emblem of North Korea.svg
|caption=
|introduced= {{start date and age|df=y|2007|09|24}} 
|type=[[Country code top-level domain]]
|status=Active
|registry= Star Joint Venture
|sponsor= [[Korea Computer Center]] (until{{nbsp}}2011)<br />Star Joint Venture (since 2011)
|intendeduse=Entities connected with [[North&nbsp;Korea]]
|actualuse=Used mainly by the North Korean government and businesses in North Korea.
|restrictions=Must be a company, organization, or government entity based in the DPRK
|structure=Names can be registered directly at the second level, or at the third level within generic second-level domains
|document=
|disputepolicy=
|website= Registry website address published on IANA Delegation Record is no longer accessible<br />''[https://web.archive.org/web/20110615025207/http://www.star.co.kp/ (Archive page)]''
|registereddomains     = 28
|dateregistereddomains = 19 September 2016
|refregistereddomains  = <ref name="Coldewey2016">{{Cite web | title = North Korea accidentally lets slip all its .KP domains — and there aren't many | last = Coldewey | first = Devin | work = TechCrunch | date = 20 September 2016 | accessdate = 21 September 2016 | url = https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/20/north-korea-accidentally-lets-slip-all-its-kp-domains-and-there-arent-many/}}</ref>
|image_size=150px}}
'''.kp''' is the [[Internet]] [[country code]] [[top-level domain]] ([[ccTLD]]) for [[North Korea]] (DPRK).  It was created on 24 September 2007.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/minutes/prelim-report-11sep07.htm "Preliminary Report for Special Meeting of the ICANN Board of Directors"]. 11 September 2007.</ref>

==History==
The DPRK applied for the {{mono|.kp}} [[Internet]] [[country code]] [[top-level domain]] ([[ccTLD]]) in 2004. [[ICANN]], however, refused because the DPRK did not meet some of the requirements.{{Specify|date=June 2022}} Another attempt was later made via the [[Korea Computer Center]] (KCC) Europe in 2006. The main body of KCC and the DPRK Ambassador to the United Nations petitioned ICANN again. They were refused again for providing insufficient information. A new application was sent in January 2007, and an ICANN delegation visited the country in May. This time, ICANN finally agreed to assign {{mono|.kp}} to the DPRK.<ref name="SeligerSchmidt">{{cite book|last1=Seliger|first1=Bernhard|last2=Schmidt|first2=Stefan|title=The Hermit Kingdom Goes Online: Information Technology, Internet Use and Communication Policy in North Korea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qKhDAwAAQBAJ&pg=PP9|year=2010|publisher=[[McFarland & Company|McFarland]]|location=Jefferson|isbn=978-1-4766-1770-1|page=9}}</ref>

One of the first organizations to adopt a {{mono|.kp}} domain was the [[Korean Central News Agency]] (KCNA) in 2009.<ref name="Hoare2012">{{cite book|last=Hoare|first=James E.|title=Historical Dictionary of Democratic People's Republic of Korea|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rh5h4bZgkhEC&pg=PA231|year=2012|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=London|isbn=978-0-8108-7987-4|page=231|chapter=Korean Central News Agency (KCNA)}}</ref>

Previously, the {{mono|.kp}} domain was managed by the [[Korea Computer Center]] (KCC) Europe. A large number of {{mono|.kp }}websites were also hosted by KCC Europe in [[Germany]]. However, in 2011, management was transferred to the [[Pyongyang]]-based Star Joint Venture.<ref>[http://www.northkoreatech.org/2011/05/03/dot-kp-domain-assigned-to-star/ ".kp domain assigned to Star JV"]. North Korea Tech. 3 May 2011.</ref>

== Second-level domains ==
Neither the DPRK government agencies nor the central registry have published the second-level domain registration rules. However, according to the using practices shown by the currently existing and accessible DPRK domains and websites, while regarding the worldwide country code second-level domain distribution rules, the second-level domain rules in the DPRK can be interpreted as below.

* ''aca.kp'' : Academic research institutes
* ''com.kp'' : Companies
* ''edu.kp'' : Higher education institutions
* ''law.kp'' : Legal firms
* ''org.kp'' : Organizations
* ''gov.kp'' : Government departments
* ''rep.kp'' : Agencies associated with the [[Workers' Party of Korea]]
* ''net.kp'' : Internet service providers and email service providers
* ''sca.kp'' : Affiliated institutes under the Ministry of Culture

The following are externally accessible domain name examples of the use of second-level domain names:

* ''aca.kp'' : mirae.aca.kp
* ''com.kp'' : airkoryo.com.kp, knic.com.kp, friend.com.kp
* ''edu.kp'' : ryongnamsan.edu.kp, kut.edu.kp, gpsh.edu.kp
* ''law.kp'' : fia.law.kp
* ''org.kp'' : cooks.org.kp, koredufund.org.kp, kass.org.kp
* ''gov.kp'' : mfa.gov.kp, moph.gov.kp, tourismdprk.gov.kp
* ''rep.kp'' : rodong.rep.kp, vok.rep.kp, gnu.rep.kp
* ''net.kp'' : [Usually appears as the extension for email addresses published elsewhere on other DPRK websites: e.g. ''<u>@star-co.net.kp</u>'']
* ''sca.kp'' : korart.sca.kp

==List of domains==
===Active domains===
{{As of|2025}}, over 30 domains are active under the {{mono|.kp}} [[top-level domain]]. These are as follows:<ref name="kwangya">{{Cite web|title=KwangYa {{!}} Sites|url=http://dprkportal.kp/guide|publisher=Ryugyong Programming Center|access-date=2025-01-11}}</ref>

Bold indicates a dedicated article on the website itself.
{{div col}}
*[[Air Koryo|airkoryo.com.kp]]
*[[Korean Dishes|'''cooks.org.kp''']]
*dprknado.org.kp
*dprkportal.kp
*[[Financial Intelligence Agency|fia.law.kp]]
*[[Committee for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries|friend.com.kp]]
*[[Grand People's Study House|gpsh.edu.kp]]
*kass.org.kp
*[[Korean Central News Agency|kcna.kp]]
*[[Ministry of External Economic Relations|kftrade.com.kp]]
*kiyctc.com.kp
*[[Korea National Insurance Corporation|knic.com.kp]]
*korart.sca.kp
*korean-books.com.kp<ref>{{Cite web | title = North Korean cultural websites | last = Williams | first = Martyn | work=[[North Korea Tech]] | date = 13 September 2017 | accessdate = 21 September 2017 | url = http://www.northkoreatech.org/the-north-korean-website-list/north-korean-cultural-websites/ }}</ref>
*koreanarchitecture.gov.kp
*koredufund.org.kp
*korelcfund.org.kp
*korfilm.com.kp
*[[Korea Stamp Corporation|korstamp.com.kp]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.northkoreatech.org/2020/12/31/north-korean-stamps-website-appears/|title=North Korean stamps website appears|first=Martyn|last=Williams|date=30 December 2020|website=[[North Korea Tech]]}}</ref>
*[[Kim Chaek University of Technology|kut.edu.kp]]<ref name="northkoreatech">{{Cite web | title = Kim Chaek University of Technology launches Internet web site  | last = Williams | first = Martyn | work=[[North Korea Tech]] | date = 9 August 2018 | accessdate = 11 September 2018 | url = http://www.northkoreatech.org/2018/08/09/kim-chaek-university-of-technology-launches-internet-web-site/}}</ref>
*[[Korea Central Zoo|kza.org.kp]]<ref>{{Cite web|title =North Korean zoo launches English website in possible bid to attract tourists| date =27 January 2025|access-date =2025-01-28| url = https://www.nknews.org/2025/01/north-korean-zoo-launches-english-website-in-possible-bid-to-attract-tourists/|website=[[NK News]]}}</ref>
*[[Maritime Administration (North Korea)|ma.gov.kp]]
*'''[[Manmulsang|manmulsang.com.kp]]'''<ref>{{Cite web | title = Manmusang website appears on the Internet   | last = Williams | first = Martyn | work=[[North Korea Tech]] | date = 27 September 2018 | accessdate = 27 September 2018 | url = http://www.northkoreatech.org/2018/09/27/manmusang-website-appears-on-the-internet/ }}</ref>
*mediaryugyong.com.kp
*[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (North Korea)|mfa.gov.kp]]<ref>{{Cite web | title = North Korean government and NGO websites  | last = Williams | first = Martyn | work=[[North Korea Tech]] | date = 13 September 2017 | accessdate = 21 September 2017 | url = http://www.northkoreatech.org/the-north-korean-website-list/north-korean-government-ngo-websites/ }}</ref>
*[[Minju Joson|minzu.rep.kp]]
*mirae.aca.kp
*[[Ministry of Public Health (North Korea)|moph.gov.kp]]
*[[Naenara|'''naenara.com.kp''']]
*[[The Pyongyang Times|pyongyangtimes.com.kp]]<ref name="nort_TheP">{{Cite web | title = The Pyongyang Times has a new address | last = Williams | first = Martyn | work=[[North Korea Tech]] | date = 14 September 2017 | accessdate = 16 September 2017 | url = http://www.northkoreatech.org/2017/09/14/pyongyang-times-new-address/ }}</ref>
*[[Rodong Sinmun|rodong.rep.kp]]
*ryomyong.edu.kp
*[[Kim Il Sung University|ryongnamsan.edu.kp]]
*silibank.net.kp (mail server only)<ref>{{Cite web|title=KOREA MA|url=http://www.ma.gov.kp/index.php/home/index/en|access-date=2025-01-11}}</ref>
*sdprk.org.kp
*star-co.net.kp (mail server only)
*[[State General Bureau of Tourist Guidance|tourismdprk.gov.kp]]<ref name="nort_Nort">{{Cite web | title = North Korea's tourism agency is online | last = Williams | first = Martyn | work=[[North Korea Tech]] | date = 19 July 2017 | accessdate = 30 July 2017 | url = http://www.northkoreatech.org/2017/07/19/north-koreas-tourism-agency-online/ }}</ref>
*[[Voice of Korea|vok.rep.kp]]
*[[Chongnyon Jonwi|youth.rep.kp]]
*yongsaeng.org.kp
{{div col end}}

Some {{mono|.kp}} addresses are used by the [[North Korean Internet]] only,<ref>{{cite book|title=Digital Review of Asia Pacific 2007/2008|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wSlOkuwWKo4C&pg=PA246|year=2008|publisher=IDRC|isbn=978-0-7619-3674-9|page=246|chapter=.kp North Korea|author1=Kyungmin Ko|author2=Seungkwon Jang|author3=Heejin Lee}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Cheng |last2=Ko |first2=Kyungmin |last3=Lee |first3=Ji-Yong |date=2010-11-18 |title=North Korea's Internet strategy and its political implications |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2010.522249 |journal=The Pacific Review |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=649–670 |doi=10.1080/09512748.2010.522249 |s2cid=155030925 |issn=0951-2748|url-access=subscription }}</ref> and some of them are only accessible in the [[Kwangmyong (network)|Kwangmyong]] network, alongside regularly-used [[Private network#Private IPv4 addresses|24-bit block IPv4 private addresses]].

===Former domains===
These domains are not included on the "dprkportal.kp" website as of 2025, but existed in the past.<ref name="kwangya" />
*futurere.com.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선료리 ''(futurere.com.kp)''|url=http://futurere.com.kp/kp/|access-date=2025-01-11|archive-date=29 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629052953/http://futurere.com.kp/kp/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>{{efn|group="a"|Based on the [[Wayback Machine]]'s snapshot, these websites displayed content of "[[Korean Dishes]]" website.|name="cooks"}}
*gnu.rep.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang Broadcasting Station to launch website|date=29 January 2013 |url=https://www.northkoreatech.org/2013/01/30/radio-pyongyang-to-launch-website/|publisher=[[North Korea Tech]]|access-date=2025-01-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Farewell, Pyongyang Broadcasting?|date=18 January 2024 |url=https://www.38north.org/2024/01/farewell-pyongyang-broadcasting/|publisher=[[38 North]]|access-date=2025-01-11}}</ref>
*ksf.com.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=Korea Sports Fund|url=http://ksf.com.kp/en|access-date=2025-01-11|archive-date=12 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112204038/http://ksf.com.kp/en|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>
*masikryong.com.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선민주주의인민공화국 국가해사감독국|url=http://masikryong.com.kp/|access-date=2025-01-11|archive-date=1 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401031500/http://masikryong.com.kp/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>{{efn|group="b"|Based on the [[Wayback Machine]]'s snapshot, these websites displayed content of the [[Maritime Administration (North Korea)|Maritime Administration of North Korea]]'s website.|name="ma.gov.kp"}}
*nta.gov.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선관광|url=http://nta.gov.kp/|access-date=2025-01-11|archive-date=16 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316132851/http://nta.gov.kp/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>
*polestar.com.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선료리 ''(polestar.com.kp)''|url=http://polestar.com.kp/kp/|access-date=2025-01-11|archive-date=30 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630172323/http://polestar.com.kp/kp/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>{{efn|group="a"|name="cooks"}}
*pulbora.edu.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=불보라|url=http://www.pulbora.edu.kp/|access-date=2025-01-11|archive-date=24 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424004513/http://www.pulbora.edu.kp/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*samhae.com.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선료리 ''(samhae.com.kp)''|url=http://samhae.com.kp/kp/|access-date=2025-01-11|archive-date=29 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629152949/http://samhae.com.kp/kp/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>{{efn|group="a"|name="cooks"}}
*star.co.kp<ref>{{Cite web|title=Star|url=http://www.star.co.kp/|access-date=2025-01-11|archive-date=15 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615025207/http://www.star.co.kp/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==See also==
{{portal|North Korea|Internet}}
* [[Communications in North Korea]]
* [[Internet censorship in North Korea]]
* [[Internet in North Korea]]
* [[List of North Korean websites banned in South Korea]]
* [[List of North Korea-related topics]]
* [[.kr]] (top-level domain for the Republic of Korea)
* [[Kwangmyong (network)]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist|group=efn}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110504022245/http://www.star.co.kp/ Registration website] at Star Joint Venture
* [https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/kp.html IANA — .kp Domain Delegation Data]
* [http://www.icann.org/announcements/announcement-2-17aug07.htm ICANN 2007 announcement of a request to delegate .kp domain]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.etnews.com/200307270031|script-title=ko:北 'kp' 도메인 사용 홈페이지 속속 개설|trans-title=North Korean homepages with 'kp' domain name open|date=28 July 2003|work=Junja Shinmun|language=ko}}
* [https://www.northkoreatech.org/the-north-korean-website-list/ The North Korean Website List] at ''[[North Korea Tech]]''

{{ccTLD}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kp}}
[[Category:Country code top-level domains]]
[[Category:Internet in North Korea]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 2007]]

[[sv:Toppdomän#K]]