Editing 1110

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1110|the mobile phone|Nokia 1110}}
{{Year nav|1110}}
{{C12 year in topic}} 
[[File:Die deutschen Kaiser Heinrich V.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb| [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V, King of Germany]], marries [[Empress Matilda|Matilda of England]]]]
Year '''1110''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
=== By date ===
* [[May 5]]: [[Lunar eclipse]], in which the moon becomes totally dark (according to the ''[[Peterborough Chronicle]]''), due to an earlier volcanic eruption putting aerosols into the upper atmosphere of the earth, thus cutting off the [[Earthlight (astronomy)|earthlight]].<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=etal|last1=Sébastien Guillet |title=Climatic and societal impacts of a "forgotten" cluster of volcanic eruptions in 1108-1110 CE |journal=Scientific Reports |date=Apr 21, 2020 |volume=10 |issue=1 |page=6715 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-63339-3 |pmid=32317759 |pmc=7174372 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.6715G }}</ref>

=== By place ===

==== Asia ====
* [[Chola invasion of Kalinga (1110)|Second Chola invasion of Kalinga]].

==== Levant ====
* Spring &ndash; [[Mawdud|Mawdud ibn Altuntash]], Turkic ruler (''[[atabeg]]'') of [[Mosul]], leads an expedition to capture the territories of the Crusaders (belonging to the [[County of Edessa]]) east of the river [[Euphrates]]. He besieges the fortress city of [[Edessa]], but is forced to retreat when King [[Baldwin I of Jerusalem]] (with the support of Armenian forces sent by [[Kogh Vasil]]) intervenes with a Crusader relief force.<ref>[[Steven Runciman]] (1952). ''A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', p. 93. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref>
* [[February]]–[[May]] &ndash; Crusaders under Baldwin I [[Siege of Beirut (1110)|besiege Beirut]]. [[Republic of Genoa|Genoese]] and [[Republic of Pisa|Pisan]] ships blockade the harbour; [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimid]] ships from [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]] and [[Sidon]] try in vain to break the blockade. The Fatimid governor flees by night through the Italian fleet to [[Cyprus]]. On [[May 13]], Baldwin captures the city by assault and the Italians carry out a massacre among the inhabitants.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', p. 74. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref>
* [[October]]–[[December]] &ndash; Crusaders under Baldwin I (supported by King [[Sigurd the Crusader|Sigurd I]]) besiege Sidon. Norwegian ships blockade the harbour, but are nearly dispersed by a powerful Fatimid flotilla from Tyre. They are saved by the arrival of a [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] squadron under Doge [[Ordelafo Faliero]]. On [[December 4]], the city capitulates (under notable terms) to Baldwin.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', pp. 74–75. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref>
* [[December]] &ndash; [[Tancred, Prince of Galilee|Tancred]], Italo-Norman prince of [[Principality of Galilee|Galilee]], brings the Crusader castle [[Krak des Chevaliers]] in [[Syria]] under his control. He remains [[regent]] of the [[Principality of Antioch]] in the name of his cousin [[Bohemond II of Antioch|Bohemond II]].

==== Europe ====
* [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V, King of Germany]], invades [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]] with a large army and concludes an agreement with [[Pope Paschal II]] at [[Sutri]]. Henry renounces the right of investiture (a dispute with the former [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV]]). In return, Paschal promises to crown him emperor and to restore to the [[Holy Roman Empire]] all the lands given to the German church (since the time of [[Charlemagne]]).<ref>Comyn, Robert (1851). ''History of the Western Empire, from its Restoration by Charlemagne to the Accession of Charles V''. Vol I.</ref> 
* [[July 25]] &ndash; Henry V marries 8-year-old [[Empress Matilda|Matilda]] (daughter of King [[Henry I of England]]). She is crowned [[List of German queens|Queen of the Romans]] in a ceremony at [[Mainz]]. After the betrothal Matilda is placed into custody of [[Bruno (archbishop of Trier)|Bruno]], archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Trier|Trier]], who is tasked with educating her in German culture, manners and government.<ref>Chibnall, Marjorie (1991). ''Matilda of England (1102–1167), Empress, Consort of Henry V''. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, retrieved 22 December 2013.</ref>
* The dukedom of [[Duchy of Bohemia|Bohemia]] is secured for [[Vladislaus I, Duke of Bohemia|Vladislaus I]] following the death of [[Svatopluk, Duke of Bohemia|Svatopluk]] ("the Lion") who is assassinated. Vladislaus receives support from Henry V and will rule until [[1125]].
* [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravid]] forces under Sultan [[Ali ibn Yusuf]] occupy [[Zaragoza]] (modern [[Spain]]), bringing all of [[Andalusia]]'s Muslim states under Almoravid control.

==== England ====
* King Henry I has improvements made at [[Windsor Castle]], including a [[chapel]], so that he can use the castle as his formal residence.

=== By topic ===

==== Literature ====
* The [[Rus' people|Rus']] ''[[Primary Chronicle]]'' is completed. The work is considered to be a fundamental source in the history of the [[East Slavs]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Struk |first1=Danylo Husar |title=Encyclopedia of Ukraine: Volume IV: Ph-Sr |date=1993 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |isbn=9781442651265 |page=522 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JWxEDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT522|language=en}}</ref>
* Approximate date of composition of [[Jayamkondar]]'s ''[[Kalingattuparani]]'',  a [[Tamil literature|Tamil]] epic celebrating the victory of [[Kulottunga Chola I]] over the Kalinga king [[Anantavarman Chodaganga]] in the [[Chola invasion of Kalinga (1110)|Chola invasion of Kalinga]] that takes place around this year.

==== Religion ====
* Construction begins on [[Fontevraud Abbey]] in the French duchy of [[County of Anjou|Anjou]].

== Births ==
* [[Aelred of Rievaulx]], English [[Cistercians|Cistercian]] monk and [[abbot]] (d. [[1167]])
* [[Abraham ben Isaac of Narbonne]], Jewish [[rabbi]] and writer (approximate date)
* [[Abraham ibn Daud]], Jewish astronomer and historian (d. [[1180]])
* [[Walter fitz Alan]], Scottish High Steward (approximate date)
* [[Clarembald of Arras]], French theologian and writer (d. [[1187]]) 
* [[Diarmait Mac Murchada]], Irish king of [[Leinster]] (d. [[1171]])
* [[Düsum Khyenpa]], Tibetan spiritual leader (''[[karmapa]]'') (d. [[1193]])
* [[Odo of Deuil]] (or Eudes), French abbot and historian (d. [[1162]])
* [[Gertrude of Sulzbach]], German queen (approximate date)
* [[Gilbert Foliot]], English abbot and bishop (approximate date)
* [[Hodierna of Jerusalem]], countess of [[County of Tripoli|Tripoli]] (approximate date)
* [[Iorwerth Goch ap Maredudd]], Welsh prince (approximate date)
* [[John Tzetzes]], Byzantine [[grammar]]ian (approximate date)
* [[Kirik the Novgorodian]], Russian monk and chronicler (d. [[1156]])
* [[Lhachen Naglug]], Indian ruler of [[Ladakh]] (approximate date)
* [[Liu Wansu]], Chinese physician of the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin dynasty]] (d. [[1200]])
* [[Odo de St Amand]] (or Eudes), French [[Grand Masters of the Knights Templar|Grand Master of the Knights Templar]] (d. [[1179]])
* [[Phagmo Drupa Dorje Gyalpo]], Tibetan [[Tibetan Buddhism|Buddhist]] monk (d. [[1170]])
* [[Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall|Reginald de Dunstanville]], 1st [[Earl of Cornwall]] (d. [[1175]])
* [[Robert of Torigni]], Norman monk and abbot (d. [[1186]])
* [[Rohese de Vere, Countess of Essex|Rohese de Vere]], countess of [[Essex]] (approximate date)
* [[Rostislav I of Kiev|Rostislav I]], Grand Prince of [[Principality of Kiev|Kiev]] (approximate date)
* [[Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia|Vladislaus II]] (or Vladislav), king of [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemia]] (d. [[1174]])
* [[William III, Count of Burgundy|William III]] ("the Child"), count of [[County of Burgundy|Burgundy]] (d. [[1127]])

== Deaths ==
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[Elias I, Count of Maine]] (de Baugency), French [[Nobility|nobleman]]
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Gebhard (III) of Constance|Gebhard III]], bishop of [[Prince-Bishopric of Constance|Constance]]
* [[Lhachen Utpala]], Indian king of Ladakh (b. [[1080]])
* [[Li Jie (Song dynasty)|Li Jie]], Chinese writer of the [[Song dynasty]] (b. [[1065]])
* [[Richard of Hauteville]], Italo-Norman nobleman
* [[Robert Scalio]] of Hauteville, Italo-Norman nobleman
* [[Thiofrid of Echternach|Thiofrid]], [[Benedictines|Benedictine]] abbot of [[Echternach]]
* [[Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa|Vijayabahu I]], Sri Lankan king of [[Kingdom of Polonnaruwa|Polonnaruwa]]
* [[William Bona Anima]], archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rouen|Rouen]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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