Editing 1121

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1121}}
{{Year nav|1121}}
{{C12 year in topic}}
[[File:Davit Agmashenebeli.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[David IV]] ("the Builder") (1073–1125) defends his [[Kingdom of Georgia]] this year]]
Year '''1''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* Emperor [[John II Komnenos]] recovers southwestern [[Anatolia]] (modern [[Turkey]]) from the [[Seljuq dynasty|Seljuk Turks]] and then hastens to the [[Balkans]], where the [[Pechenegs]] are continuing their incursions. He transfers Byzantine troops to the [[Danube]] frontier at [[Paristrion]].

==== Levant ====
* Summer &ndash; Seljuk forces under [[Toghtekin]] make extensive raids into [[Galilee]]. King [[Baldwin II of Jerusalem]], in reprisal, crosses the [[Jordan River]] with a Crusader army and ravages the countryside. He occupies and destroys a fortress that Toghtekin has built at [[Jerash]].<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', p. 128. {{ISBN|978-0241-29876-3}}.</ref>

==== Europe ====
* [[March 2]] &ndash; [[Petronilla of Lorraine]] becomes [[regent]] of [[County of Holland|Holland]] ([[Low Countries]]) after her husband, [[Floris II, Count of Holland|Floris II]] ("the Fat") dies. He is succeeded by his 6-year-old son [[Dirk VI, Count of Holland|Dirk VI]] (Theodoric).
* A large rebellion takes place in [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]] (modern [[Spain]]) against the ruling [[Almoravid dynasty]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Gilbert|last=Meynier|year=2010|title=L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique: de l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518)|location=Paris|publisher=La Découverte|pages=87}}</ref>

==== England ====
* [[January 24]] &ndash; [[Adeliza of Louvain]], age 17, marries King [[Henry I of England]] two months after the accidental death of the heir to the English throne, Henry's only legitimate son, [[William Adelin]].

==== Eurasia ====
* Summer &ndash; Sultan [[Mahmud II (Seljuq sultan)|Mahmud II]] of the [[Seljuk Empire]] declares a [[Jihad|Holy War]] on the [[Kingdom of Georgia]]. He sends an expedition under [[Ilghazi]], the [[Artukid]] ruler of [[Mardin]], to invade the country.
* [[August 12]] &ndash; [[Battle of Didgori]]: King [[David IV]] ("the Builder") of Georgia with a Georgian army of 55,600 men) defeats the 300,000-strong [[Seljuks|Seljuk]] coalition forces at [[Mount Didgori]].

==== Asia ====
* Emperor [[Emperor Huizong of Song]] sends an expedition to crush the rebellion at [[Hangzhou]] (modern-day [[Zhejiang]]) in [[China]]. The rebels are defeated and their leader [[Fang La]] is captured and executed.

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* Spring &ndash; [[Peter Abelard]], a French theologian and philosopher, is condemned and charged with the heresy of [[Sabellianism|Sabellius]] in a synod at [[Soissons]].<ref>{{cite book | page=12 | title=Seven Ages of Paris | first=Alistair | last=Horne | publisher=Vintage Books | place=New York | year=2002 | isbn=1-4000-3446-9}}</ref> Abelard writes ''[[Sic et Non]]''.
* [[April 22]] &ndash; Antipope [[Antipope Gregory VIII|Gregory VIII]] (supported by  Emperor [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V]]) is arrested by papal troops at [[Sutri]]. He is taken to [[Rome]] and imprisoned in the [[Septizonium]].
* [[December 25]] ([[Christmas|Christmas Day]]) &ndash; The [[Praemonstratensians|Praemonstratensian]] Order (Norbertines) is formed, when a group of canons make solemn vows at [[Prémontré]].<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the Norbertines and St. Norbert|publisher=St Michael's Abbey|location=Orange County, California|url=http://www.stmichaelsabbey.com/abbey/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=54&Itemid=63|access-date=2013-07-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006205325/http://www.stmichaelsabbey.com/abbey/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=54&Itemid=63|archive-date=October 6, 2013|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* Henry I founds [[Reading Abbey]] in [[Kingdom of England|England]]. The [[Benedictines|Cluniac Order]] populates the abbey.
* The third and largest church is completed at [[Cluny Abbey]] (modern [[France]]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Ian|last=Sutton|title=Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present|location=London|publisher=Thames & Hudson|year=1999|isbn=978-0-500-20316-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/westernarchitect00sutt}}</ref>
* [[L'Aumône Abbey]] is founded by Count [[Theobald II, Count of Champagne|Theobald IV of Blois]] at [[Loir-et-Cher]].<ref name=Santoro>{{cite book|last1=Santoro|first1=Nicholas J.|title=Mary In Our Life: Atlas of the Names and Titles of Mary, The Mother of Jesus, and Their Place in Marian Devotion|date=2011|publisher=University|location=Bloomington|page=195}}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Ascelina]], French [[Cistercians|Cistercian]] nun and [[Mysticism|mystic]] (d. [[1195]])
* [[Chōgen (monk)|Chōgen]], Japanese [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] monk (''[[kanjin]]'') (d. [[1206]])
* [[Henry of France, Archbishop of Reims|Henry of France]], archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Reims|Reims]] (d. [[1175]])
* [[Joscelin of Louvain]], Flemish [[Nobility|nobleman]] (d. [[1180]])
* [[Kojijū]], Japanese noblewoman and poet (d. [[1202]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Erminold]], German [[Benedictines|Benedictine]] abbot 
* [[January 18]] &ndash; [[William of Champeaux]], French philosopher
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Domnall Ua Lochlainn]], Irish king (b. [[1048]])
* [[March 2]] &ndash; [[Floris II, Count of Holland|Floris II]] ("the Fat"), count of [[County of Holland|Holland]] (b. [[1085]])
* [[April 23]] &ndash; [[Jón Ögmundsson]], Icelandic bishop (b. [[1052]])
* [[August 7]] &ndash; [[Ulrich I, Bishop of Passau|Ulrich I of Passau]] (or Udalrich), German bishop
* [[December 11]] &ndash; [[Al-Afdal Shahanshah]], Fatimid caliph (b. [[1066]])
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Ulrich of Eppenstein]], German abbot
* [[Abd al-Aziz ibn Mansur]], Hammadid governor and ruler
* [[Alfanus II]] (or Alfano), Lombard archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Salerno-Campagna-Acerno|Salerno]]
* [[Al-Tughrai]], Persian official, poet and [[Alchemy|alchemist]] (b. [[1061]])
* [[Bartolf Leslie]] (or Bartholomew), Scottish nobleman
* [[Fang La]], Chinese rebel leader (executed in [[Kaifeng]])
* [[Frederick of Liege]], German prince-bishop and saint
* [[Lü Shinang]], Chinese religious leader ([[Manichaeism|Manichaean]] cult)
* [[Masud Sa'd Salman]], Persian poet (approximate date)
* [[Muireadhach Ua Flaithbheartaigh]], Irish king of [[Iar Connacht]]
* [[Robert of Bounalbergo]], Norman nobleman and crusader
* [[Zhou Bangyan]], Chinese bureaucrat and ''[[Ci (poetry)|ci]]'' poet (b. [[1056]])
* [[Zhou Tong (archer)|Zhou Tong]], Chinese [[archery]] teacher and [[Martial arts|martial artist]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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