Editing 1200

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year dab|1200|the turntable|Technics SL-1200}}
{{Year nav|1200}}
{{C12 year in topic}} 
[[File:Philippe2+Jean1+paix.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Philip II of France|Philip II]] ('''August''') and [[John, King of England|John]] ('''Lackland''') making peace during the [[French invasion of Normandy (1202–1204)|Angevin War]].]]
{{year article header|1200}}
The Proleptic Gregorian calendar called it a century leap year.
== Events ==

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* Spring &ndash; [[Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat|Boniface I]], marquis of g, sends envoys to [[Republic of Venice|Venice]], [[Republic of Genoa|Genoa]] and other city-states to negotiate a contract for transport to the [[Levant]]. Meanwhile, Boniface and various nobles are mustering an expeditionary army (mainly forces from [[France in the Middle Ages|France]] and the [[Holy Roman Empire]]) at [[Paris]]. On [[February 23]], [[Baldwin I, Latin Emperor|Baldwin IX]], count of [[County of Flanders|Flanders]] and his brother [[Henry of Flanders]] take the cross at [[Bruges]] (modern [[Belgium]]), and agree to take part in the [[Fourth Crusade]] called by Pope [[Pope Innocent III|Innocent III]] (see [[1199]]).<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusaders. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', pp. 93–94. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>
* [[May 22]] &ndash; The Kings [[John, King of England|John]] of England and [[Philip II of France|Philip II]] of France, sign a peace treaty at [[Saint-Pierre-d'Autils|Le Goulet]], an island in the middle of the [[Seine|Seine River]], near [[Vernon, Eure|Vernon]] in [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]]. The agreement recognizes John as overlord of most of the English owned lands in France, but John has to give Philip the lands of Norman [[Vexin]] and [[Évreux]] and a large sum of money (some 20,000 marks) – a "relief" payment for recognition of John's sovereignty of [[Duchy of Brittany|Brittany]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Warren |first=W. L. |date=1978 |title=King John |url=https://archive.org/details/kingjohn00wlwa|url-access=registration |publisher=University of California Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/kingjohn00wlwa/page/55 55]}}</ref>
* [[August 25]] &ndash; Eager to make peace with [[Aymer, Count of Angoulême|Aymer Taillefer]], count of [[Angoulême]], John marries 15-year-old [[Isabella of Angoulême]] at [[Bordeaux]]. In order to remarry, John needs to abandon his first wife, [[Isabella, Countess of Gloucester|Isabella of Gloucester]]. John accomplishes this by arguing that he has failed to get the necessary [[Dispensation (Catholic canon law)#Papal dispensation|papal dispensation]] to marry Isabella of Gloucester.<ref>{{cite book|title=King John|first=W. L.|last=Warren |publisher=University of California Press|year=1978|page=64}}</ref>
* The rebel leader [[Ivanko (boyar)|Ivanko]] is captured and executed by the Byzantine general [[Alexios Palaiologos (despot)|Alexios Palaiologos]] (son-in-law of Emperor [[Alexios III Angelos]]).

==== Britain ====
* [[November 22]] &ndash; During a tour of the [[Midlands]], John receives homage from [[William the Lion]], king of [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]], at [[Lincoln, England|Lincoln]]. William is looking to move into the areas of [[Northumberland]], [[Cumberland]], and [[Westmorland|Westmoreland]]. John on the other hand ensures that these areas are controlled by English nobles he can trust.

==== Levant ====
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[Al-Adil I]], Ayyubid ruler of [[Damascus]], [[Jerusalem]], and parts of the [[Upper Mesopotamia|Jazira]] takes control of [[Egypt in the Middle Ages|Egypt]], and is recognized as sultan of the [[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubid Empire]]. During his reign, he promotes trade and good relations with the [[Crusader states|Crusader States]]. His son [[Al-Kamil]] becomes the effective ruler ([[viceroy]]) of Egypt.<ref>David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. ''The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium'', p. 17. {{ISBN|978-1-84908-319-5}}.</ref>

==== Asia ====
* [[Genghis Khan|Temüjin]] (or '''Genghis Khan''') manages to unite about half the feuding [[Mongol Empire|Mongol]] clans under his leadership. He delegates authority based on skill and loyalty, rather than tribal affiliation or family. The main rivals of the [[Khamag Mongol|Mongol confederation]] are the [[Naimans]] to the west, the [[Merkit]]s to the north, the [[Tangut people|Tanguts]] to the south and the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin Dynasty]] (or '''Great Jin''') to the east.<ref>Andrew Roberts (2008). ''Great Commanders of the Medieval World (454–1582). Genghis Khan'', p. 146. {{ISBN|978-0-85738-589-5}}.</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Education ====
* The [[University of Paris]] receives its charter, from Philip II. He issues a diploma "for the security of the scholars of [[Paris]]", which affirms that students are subject only to ecclesiastical jurisdiction.


== Births ==
* [[January 19]] &ndash; [[Dōgen|Dōgen Zenji]], founder of the [[Sōtō|Sōtō Zen]] school (d. [[1253]])<ref>{{Britannica|167921}}</ref>
* January &ndash; [[Theobald le Botiller, 2nd Chief Butler of Ireland|Theobald le Botiller]], Norman nobleman and knight (d. [[1230]])
* September &ndash; [[Philip I, Count of Boulogne|Philip I]], French prince and nobleman ([[House of Capet]]) (d. [[1235]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Harvard Historical Monographs, Volume 59|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=1932|page=9}}</ref>
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Isabel Marshal]], English countess and [[regent]] (d. [[1240]])<ref>{{cite book|author=David Faris|title=Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists|publisher=Genealogical Publishing Company|year=1996|ISBN=9780806315188|page=225}}</ref>
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Louis IV, Landgrave of Thuringia|Louis IV]] ('''the Saint'''), landgrave of [[Thuringia]] (d. [[1227]])
*''unknown dates''
* [[Alix, Duchess of Brittany|Alix]] (or '''Alis'''), Breton noblewoman ([[List of viscounts of Thouars|House of Thouars]]) (d. [[1221]])
* [[Ingerd Jakobsdatter]], Danish noblewoman and landowner (d. [[1258]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kvindebiografiskleksikon.lex.dk/Ingerd_Jakobsdatter|title=Ingerd Jakobsdatter|website=Dansk kvindebiografisk leksikon|access-date=17 December 2022}}</ref>
* [[Ulrich von Liechtenstein]], German [[Minnesang|minnesinger]] and poet (d. [[1275]])<ref>Freed, John B.''Noble Bondsmen: Ministerial Marriages in the Archdiocese of Salzburg, 1100–1343'' (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995) Page 250</ref>
*''probable'' 
** [[Adam Marsh]], English [[Franciscans|Franciscan]] scholar and theologian (d. [[1259]])
** [[Chen Rong (painter)|Chen Rong]] ('''Ch'en Jung'''), Chinese painter and politician (d. [[1266]])<ref>Barnhart, R. M. et al. (1997). Three thousand years of Chinese painting. New Haven, Yale University Press. {{ISBN|0-300-07013-6}}. Page 372.</ref>
** [[Jutta of Kulmsee]], German noblewoman, [[hermit]] and saint (d. 1260)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienJ/Jutta_von_Sangerhausen.html|title=Jutta von Sangerhausen|website=Heiligen Lexikon|language=de|access-date=17 December 2022}}</ref>
** [[Matthew Paris]], English [[Benedictines|Benedictine]] monk and chronicler (d. 1259)<ref>{{cite DNB |wstitle= Paris, Matthew |volume= 34 |last= Hunt |first= William |author-link= William Hunt (priest) |pages=207-213 |short= 1}}</ref>
** [[Rolandino of Padua]], Italian professor, jurist and writer (d. 1276)<ref>{{cite book|title=[[Enciclopedia Italiana]]|chapter=Rolandino da Padova|chapter-url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/rolandino-da-padova/}}</ref>
** [[Rudolf von Ems]], German nobleman, knight and poet (d. [[1254]])<ref>{{DNB portal|118603736|TYP=}}</ref>

== Deaths ==
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[Otto I, Count of Burgundy|Otto I]], German nobleman ([[Hohenstaufen|House of Hohenstaufen]])
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Odo of Novara]], Italian priest and saint (b. [[1105]])
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[Odo of Canterbury]], English [[abbot]] and theologian
* [[February 6]] 
** [[Kajiwara Kagesue]], Japanese nobleman (b. [[1162]])
** [[Kajiwara Kagetoki]], Japanese [[samurai]] and spy
* [[April 8]] &ndash; [[Adalbert III of Bohemia|Adalbert III]] (or '''Vojtěch'''), German archbishop (b. [[1145]])
* [[April 23]] &ndash; [[Zhu Xi]], Chinese historian and philosopher (b. [[1130]])
*  [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg|Nicholas I]], German nobleman ([[House of Mecklenburg]]) 
* [[July 16]] &ndash; [[Empress Li Fengniang|Li Fengniang]] (or '''Cixian'''), Chinese empress (b. [[1144]])
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Raymond the Palmer|Raymond of Piacenza]] ('''the Palmer'''), Italian pilgrim
* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[Alberic III of Dammartin]], French nobleman
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Emperor Guangzong of Song|Guang Zong]], Chinese emperor (b. [[1147]]) <ref>{{cite book|author=Michael Dillon|title=Encyclopedia of Chinese History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2UAlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA638|date=1 December 2016|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-81716-1|pages=638–}}</ref>
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Heinrich Walpot von Bassenheim|Heinrich Walpot]], German Grand Master
* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[Conrad of Wittelsbach]], German archbishop
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Hugh of Lincoln|Hugh of Avalon]], French monk and bishop
* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[Lochlann of Galloway]], Scottish nobleman
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Empress Han|Han]] (or '''Gongshu'''), Chinese empress (b. [[1165]])
* [[Adachi Morinaga]], Japanese [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] warrior monk (b. [[1135]])
* [[Benedicta Ebbesdotter of Hvide]], queen of [[Sweden]] (or [[1199]])
* [[Gilbert Horal]], Spanish [[Grand Masters of the Knights Templar|Grand Master of the Knights Templar]]
* [[Inpumon'in no Tayū]], Japanese noblewoman and poet (b. 1130)
* [[Joel ben Isaac ha-Levi]], German [[rabbi]] and [[Tosafot|Tosafist]] (b. [[1115]])
* [[Liu Wansu]], Chinese physician of the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin Dynasty]] (b. [[1110]])
* [[Nicholas of Amiens]], French theologian and writer (b. 1147)
* [[Nigel de Longchamps]], English [[Satire|satirist]] (approximate date)
* [[Osbern of Gloucester]], English lexicographical writer (b. [[1123]])
* [[William FitzRalph]], English nobleman and knight (b. [[1140]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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