Editing 1251

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1251|the character encoding (codepage)|Windows-1251|the The Strokes song|12:51 (The Strokes song)}}
{{Year nav|1251}}
{{C13 year in topic}}Year '''1251''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCLI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Europe ====
* [[April]] &ndash; The [[Shepherds' Crusade (1251)|first Shepherds' Crusade]], a domestic [[Kingdom of France|French]] uprising in response to events in [[Egypt]] during the [[Seventh Crusade]], occurs.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u5DdBwAAQBAJ&q=1251+Shepherds%27+Crusade&pg=PA218|title=The Crusades to the Holy Land: The Essential Reference Guide: The Essential Reference Guide|last=Dickson|first=Gary|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2015|isbn=9781610697804|editor-last=Murray|editor-first=Alan V.|location=Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford|pages=217–218|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HG_IBgAAQBAJ&q=1251+Shepherds%27+Crusade&pg=PA27|title=Holy War, Martyrdom, and Terror: Christianity, Violence, and the West|last=Buc|first=Philippe|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=2015|isbn=9780812290974|location=Philadelphia, PA|pages=172|language=en}}</ref>
* [[May]] – English governor [[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester|Simon de Montfort]] suppresses a revolt in [[Gascony]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/141|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/141 141–144]}}</ref>
* [[December 26]] &ndash; King [[Alexander III of Scotland]] marries [[Margaret of England|Margaret]], daughter of King [[Henry III of England]], precipitating a power struggle between the two monarchs.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OIK2WHQkdCgC&q=1251+Alexander+III+Scotland+Margaret&pg=PA142|title=Henry III of England and the Staufen Empire, 1216-1272|last=Weiler|first=Björn K. U.|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|year=2006|isbn=9780861932801|location=Woodbridge, UK and Rochester, NY|pages=142|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6KJVAAAAcAAJ&q=1251+Alexander+III+Scotland+Margaret&pg=PA16|title=A Genealogical History of the English Sovereigns, from William I. to George III. inclusive, accompanied with A brief Statement of the principal Events in each Reign; Biographical notices of all the noble families connected with the royal houses; and illustrated by genealogical tables|last=Toplis|first=William|publisher=Thomas Underwood|year=1814|location=London|pages=16|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Andrew de Longjumeau]], dispatched two years earlier by King [[Louis IX of France]] as an ambassador to the [[Mongol]]s, meets the king in Palestine, with reports from the Mongols and [[Tartary]]; his mission is considered a failure.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o44cBQAAQBAJ&q=1251+Andrew+of+Longjumeau&pg=PA47|title=The Mongol Empire between Myth and Reality: Studies in Anthropological History|last=Aigle|first=Denise|publisher=BRILL|year=2014|isbn=9789004280649|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=47|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YQleM5Yc0VAC&q=1251+Andrew+of+Longjumeau&pg=PA161|title=Storm from the East: From Genghis Khan to Khubilai Khan|last=Marshall|first=Robert|publisher=University of California Press|year=1993|isbn=9780520083004|location=Berkeley, CA and Los Angeles, CA|pages=161–162|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Mindaugas]] of [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]] is baptized, in prelude to his crowning as King of Lithuania in [[1253]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L9X3CwAAQBAJ&q=1251+Mindaugas&pg=PA48|title=The Lithuanian Millennium: History, Art and Culture|last1=Janonienė|first1=Rūta|last2=Račiūnaitė|first2=Tojana|last3=Iršėnas|first3=Marius|last4=Butrimas|first4=Adomas|publisher=Vilnius Academy of Arts Press|year=2015|isbn=9786094470974|location=Vilnius, Lithuania|pages=48|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Alexander Nevsky]] signs the first peace treaty between [[Kievan Rus']] and [[Norway]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wb1kAwAAQBAJ&q=1251+Alexander+Nevsky+norway&pg=PA141|title=In Northern Mists: Arctic Exploration in Early Times|last=Nansen|first=Fridtjof|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2014|isbn=9781108071697|volume=2|location=Cambridge and New York|pages=141|language=en|translator-last=Arthur G. Chater|orig-date=1911}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cYU0DwAAQBAJ&q=1251+Alexander+Nevsky+norway&pg=PT20|title=Architectural Conservation and Restoration in Norway and Russia|last1=Khodakovsky|first1=Evgeny|last2=Lexau|first2=Siri Skjold|publisher=Routledge|year=2017|isbn=9781351995658|location=New York and London|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UTCJAAAAQBAJ&q=1251+Alexander+Nevsky+norway&pg=PA86|title=CultureShock! Russia: A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette|last=Pavloskaya|first=Anna|publisher=Marshall Cavendish International Asia|year=2011|isbn=9789814435574|location=Tarrytown, NY|pages=86|language=en}}</ref>
* King [[Conrad IV of Germany]] invades [[Italy]], but fails to subdue the supporters of [[Pope Innocent IV]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E2CTAgAAQBAJ&q=1251+Conrad+IV+of+Germany+italy&pg=PT277|title=Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia|last=Sodders|first=Daniel R.|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|isbn=9781135948801|editor-last=Kleinhenz|editor-first=Christopher|location=New York and London|pages=247|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R63ACQAAQBAJ&q=1251+Conrad+IV+of+Germany+italy&pg=PA403|title=World Monarchies and Dynasties|last=Middleton|first=John|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|isbn=9781317451587|location=New York and London|pages=403|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Ottokar II of Bohemia]], later to become [[King of Bohemia]], is elected [[Rulers of Austria|Duke of Austria]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zfxITVc66KMC&q=1251+Ottokar+Bohemia&pg=PA51|title=Bohemia in History|last=Teich|first=Mikulas|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1998|isbn=9780521431552|location=Cambridge, New York and Melbourne|pages=51|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5qgHE29pikMC&q=1251+Ottokar+Bohemia&pg=PA46|title=The History of the Czech Republic and Slovakia|last=Mahoney|first=William|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2011|isbn=9780313363061|location=Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford|pages=46|language=en}}</ref>
* The earliest known manuscript of ''[[The Proverbs of Alfred]]'', a collection of sayings of [[England]]'s [[Alfred the Great]], is written.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LXyyYs2cRDcC&q=1251+The+Proverbs+of+Alfred&pg=PT20|title=Encyclopedia of the Literature of Empire|last=Snodgrass|first=Mary Ellen|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=2010|isbn=9781438119069|series=Facts on File Library of World Literature|location=New York|pages=9–10|language=en}}</ref>

==== Asia ====
* [[April 21]] &ndash; City of [[Launggyet]] in [[Arakan]] (modern-day Burma) is founded according to some sources.<ref>''[[Rakhine Razawin Thit]]''.</ref>
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Möngke Khan]] is elected as the fourth [[great Khan]] of the [[Mongol Empire]].<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RgpRDAAAQBAJ&q=1251+M%C3%B6ngke+Khan&pg=PA90|title=The Mongols' Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran|last=De Nicola|first=Bruno|publisher=BRILL|year=2016|isbn=9789004314726|editor-last=De Nicola|editor-first=Bruno|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=89|language=en|chapter=The Economic Role of Mongol Women: Continuity and Transformation from Mongolia to Iran|editor-last2=Melville|editor-first2=Charles}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jjvBQAAQBAJ&q=1251+M%C3%B6ngke+Khan&pg=PA144|title=A History of War in 100 Battles|last=Overy|first=R. J.|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=9780199390717|location=Oxford and New York|pages=144|language=en}}</ref>
* The carving of the ''[[Tripitaka Koreana]]'', a collection of [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] [[scriptures]] recorded on some 81,000 wooden blocks, is completed.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iB8R0oEH3kEC&q=1251+Tripitaka+Koreana&pg=PA139|title=The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism|last1=Kang|first1=Chae-ŏn|last2=Kang|first2=Jae-eun|publisher=Homa & Sekey Books|year=2006|isbn=9781931907378|location=Paramus, NJ|pages=139|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N3z1OjL4KY0C&q=1251+Tripitaka+Koreana&pg=PA157|title=Korea and Globalization: Politics, Economics and Culture|last=Jong-myung|first=Kim|publisher=Routledge|year=2013|isbn=9781136859786|editor-last=Lewis|editor-first=James B.|location=New York and London|pages=157|language=en|chapter=The Tripitạka Koreana: Its Computerization and Significance for the Cultural Sciences in a Modern Globalized World|editor-last2=Sesay|editor-first2=Amadu}}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[June 5]] &ndash; [[Hōjō Tokimune]], 8th regent of the [[Kamakura shogunate]] (d. [[1284]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RHXG0JV9zEkC&q=1251+Hojo+Tokimune&pg=PA129|title=Japan at War: An Encyclopedia|last=Perez|first=Louis G.|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2013|isbn=9781598847413|location=Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford|pages=129|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YUViYC0jyBQC&q=1251+Hojo+Tokimune&pg=PR11|title=Zen Sanctuary of Purple Robes: Japan's Tokeiji Convent Since 1285|last1=Morrell|first1=Sachiko Kaneko|last2=Morrell|first2=Robert E.|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=2012|isbn=9780791481448 |page=xi|language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[Francis of Fabriano]], Italian writer (d. [[1322]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hZQ0DgAAQBAJ&q=1251+Francis+of+Fabriano&pg=PT55|title=Champions of the Rosary: The History and Heroes of a Spiritual Weapon|last=Calloway|first=Donald H.|publisher=Marian Press|year=2016|isbn=9781596143937|location=Stockbridge, MA|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Adelaide, Countess of Auxerre]], French countess (d. [[1290]])<ref>{{cite book|first=Alice|last=Saunier-Seïté|title=Les Courtenay: Destin d'une illustre famille bourguignonne|publisher=éditions France-Empire|year=1998|isbn=2-7048-0845-7}}</ref>

== Deaths ==
* [[January]] &ndash; [[Bohemund V of Antioch]]<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKaPrQPFIAMC&q=1251+Bohemond+V&pg=PA404|title=A History of the Crusades: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe|last=Porteous|first=John|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|year=1989|isbn=9780299107444|editor-last=Setton|editor-first=Kenneth Meyer|volume=VI: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe|location=Madison, WI|pages=404|language=en|chapter=Crusader Coinage with Greek and Latin Inscriptions|editor-last2=Hazard|editor-first2=Harry W.|editor-last3=Zacour|editor-first3=Norman P.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PEsM1ibpcJQC&q=1251+Bohemond+V&pg=PA19|title=Kings, Rulers, and Statesmen|last1=Wise|first1=Leonard F.|last2=Hansen|first2=Mark Hillary|last3=Egan|first3=E. W.|publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.|year=2005|isbn=9781402725920|location=New York|pages=19|language=en|orig-date=1967}}</ref>
* [[February 9]]  &ndash; [[Matthias II, Duke of Lorraine]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=486s3eMkLfgC&q=1251+Matthias+II+Lorraine&pg=PA762|title=Biographical Index of the Middle Ages|last=Wispelwey|first=Berend|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|year=2008|isbn=9783110914160|location=Munich, Germany|pages=762|language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 6]] &ndash; [[Rose of Viterbo]], Italian saint (b. [[1235]])<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QkTDDScAgiEC&q=1251+Rose+of+Viterbo&pg=PA46|title=Franciscans and Preaching: Every Miracle from the Beginning of the World Came about Through Words|last=Pryds|first=Darleen|publisher=BRILL|year=2012|isbn=9789004231290|editor-last=Johnson|editor-first=Timothy|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=45–46|language=en|chapter=Franciscan Lay Women and the Charism to Preach}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XlvZ_ja-FN4C&q=1251+Rose+of+Viterbo&pg=PA376|title=Sainthood in the Later Middle Ages|last=Vauchez|first=Andri|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2005|isbn=9780521619813|location=Cambridge and New York|pages=376|language=en|orig-date=1988}}</ref>
* [[March 31]] &ndash; [[William of Modena]], Bishop of Modena<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GREWu1KjJJAC&q=1251+William+of+Modena&pg=PA91|title=The Chronicle of Prussia by Nicolaus von Jeroschin: A History of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia, 1190–1331|last=Fischer|first=Dr Mary|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|year=2013|isbn=9781409481942|series=Crusade Texts in Translation|volume=20|location=Surrey, UK and Burlington, VT|pages=91|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xkEHDAAAQBAJ&q=1251+William+of+Modena&pg=PA7|title=Crusading and Chronicle Writing on the Medieval Baltic Frontier: A Companion to the Chronicle of Henry of Livonia|last=Brundage|first=James A.|publisher=Routledge|year=2016|isbn=9781317156796|editor-last=Tamm|editor-first=Marek|location=New York and London|pages=7|language=en|chapter=Introduction: Henry of Livonia, The Writer and his Chronicle|editor-last2=Kaljundi|editor-first2=Linda|editor-last3=Jensen|editor-first3=Carsten Selch}}</ref>
* [[June 6]] &ndash; [[William II, Count of Flanders|William III of Dampierre]], Count of Flanders<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z__RJAZPhHsC&q=1251+William+of+Dampierre&pg=PA85|title=Queens, Regents and Potentates|last=Nicholas|first=Karen|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|year=1993|isbn=9780851156491|editor-last=Vann|editor-first=Theresa M.|location=Cambridge and Dallas, TX|pages=85|language=en|chapter=Women as Rulers: countesses Jeanne and Marguerite of Flanders}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WhmtAgAAQBAJ&q=1251+William+of+Dampierre&pg=PA157|title=Medieval Flanders|last=Nicholas|first=David M.|publisher=Routledge|year=2014|isbn=9781317901556|location=Nee York and London|pages=157|language=en}}</ref>
* ''date unknown''
**Winter 1251–52 &ndash; [[Eljigidei]], [[Mongol]] commander of [[Iran|Persia]], killed<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CCXRCwAAQBAJ&q=1251+Eljigidei&pg=PA183|title=Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century|last=Korobeinikov|first=Dimitri|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=9780191017940|location=Oxford and New York|pages=183|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LhiWDwAAQBAJ&q=1251+Eljigidei&pg=PA205|title=The History of Central Asia: The Age of Islam and the Mongols|last=Baumer|first=Christoph|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|year=2016|isbn=9781838609405|location=London and New York|pages=205|language=en}}</ref>
**[[Isobel of Huntingdon]], Scots noblewoman (b. [[1199]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l0-JEaL-4uIC&q=1251+Isobel+of+Huntingdon&pg=PA186|title=Family of Hay|last=Colcock|first=Charles Jones|publisher=Pelican Publishing|year=1959|isbn=9781455604050|location=Gretna, LA|pages=186|language=en}}</ref>
**[[Oghul Qaimish]], 3rd [[regent]] of the [[Mongol Empire]], following her husband's death<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4gB9DQAAQBAJ&q=1251+Oghul+Qaimish&pg=PA169|title=The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia|last=Hamil|first=Donna|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2016|isbn=9781610693400|editor-last=May|editor-first=Timothy|volume=I|location=Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford|pages=169–170|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zi1WDwAAQBAJ&q=1251+Oghul+Qaimish&pg=PA76|title=Women in Mongol Iran: The Khatuns, 1206-1335|last=Nicola|first=Bruno De|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2017|isbn=9781474415484|location=Edinburgh and Stockport|pages=76|language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:1251| ]]