Editing 1602

{{Year dab|1602}}
{{Year nav|1602}}
[[File:Cape cod bay.jpg|thumb|250px|[[May 15]]: [[Bartholomew Gosnold]] discovers [[Cape Cod]]]]
{{C17 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1602}}

== Events ==
=== January–March ===
* [[January 3]] – [[Battle of Kinsale]]: The English defeat Irish rebels and their Spanish allies. (The battle happens on this date according to the [[Gregorian calendar]] used by the Irish and Spanish but on Thursday, 24 December, [[1601]] according to the old [[Julian calendar]] used by the English.)
* [[February 2]] ([[Candlemas]] night) – In [[London]], the first known production of [[William Shakespeare]]'s comedy ''[[Twelfth Night]]'' takes place.<ref>{{cite book|last=Shakespeare|first=William|editor=Smith, Bruce R.|title=Twelfth Night: Texts and Contexts|page=2|location=Boston, Mass|publisher=Bedford/St Martin's|year=2001|isbn=0-312-20219-9}}</ref>
* [[March 20]] – The [[Dutch East India Company|United East India Company]] is established by the United Provinces [[States General of the Netherlands|States-General]] in [[Amsterdam]], with the stated intention of capturing the spice trade from the Portuguese.

=== April–June ===
* [[April 20]] – The [[Danish–Icelandic Trade Monopoly]] is established.
* [[May 25]] ([[May 15]] Old Style) – English explorer [[Bartholomew Gosnold]], sailing in the ''Concord'', becomes the first European at [[Cape Cod]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ancientlights.org/gosnold.html|title=Gosnold: 1602|publisher=Ancient Lights|author=Karle Schlieff|language=English|accessdate=26 December 2022}}</ref>
* [[June 2]] – Dutch explorer [[Joris van Spilbergen]] lands on the eastern side of the island of [[Sri Lanka]], at Santhamuruthu, and begins the process of attempting to establish a relationship with the rulers of the [[Kingdom of Kandy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lankalibrary.com/geo/dutch/wimala.htm|title=Vimala Dharma Suriya I of Kandy}}</ref>
* [[June 3]] – [[Anglo-Spanish War (1585)]] &ndash; [[Battle of Sesimbra Bay]] off of the coast of [[Portugal]]: Five galleons of the English Royal Navy defeat a larger force of Spanish Navy ships.<ref>R. B. Wernham, ''The Return of the Armadas: The Last Years of the Elizabethan Wars Against Spain 1595–1603'' (Clarendon Press, 1994) pp. 395-396.</ref>
* [[June 5]] – [[James Lancaster]]'s [[East India Company]] fleet arrives at Achin (modern-day [[Aceh]]), [[Sumatra]] to deal with the local ruler. Having defeated [[Portuguese Empire|Portugal]]'s ally, the ruler is happy to do business, and Lancaster seizes a large Portuguese [[galleon]] and loots it.
* [[June 17]] – An expedition of 14 Dutch Republic ships, commanded by Admiral Wybrand van Warwijck, departs from [[Texel]] on its expedition to the [[East Indies]].
* [[June 18]] – [[Nine Years' War (Ireland)]]: [[Dunboy Castle]] in [[Ireland]] is taken by the English after 143 Irish defenders had withstood an 11-day siege by more than 4,000 English soldiers under the command of [[George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes|Sir George Carew]]. Of the 143 soldiers, who had been loyal to [[Donal Cam O'Sullivan Beare]], 85 are killed in the siege, and the 58 survivors are hanged after the English victory.<ref>{{cite book|first=Mary Francis|last=Cusack|title=An Illustrated History of Ireland: From the Earliest Period|publisher=Irish National Publications|year=1868|page=410}}</ref>

=== July–September ===
* [[July 7]] – The German duchy of [[Saxe-Altenburg]], with a capital at [[Altenburg]], is created as a separate duchy as a gift to [[Johann Philipp, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg|Johann Philipp]], the eldest son of his father [[Johann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar]].
* [[July 26]] – [[William Shakespeare]]'s tragedy [[Hamlet]], recently premiered by the [[Lord Chamberlain's Men]], is licensed for publishing in London but not in fact printed at this time.
* [[July 29]] – [[Juan de Zúñiga Flores]], [[Bishop of Cartagena]], becomes the [[Grand Inquisitor]] of [[Spain]] but serves for only five months before his death at the age of 55.
* [[August 22]] – [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak]], the prime minister for [[India]]'s [[Mughal Empire|Mughal Emperor]] [[Akbar]], is assassinated at [[Narwar]] as part of a plot by Emperor Akbar's son, [[Jahangir|Prince Salim]], who will later succeed Akbar as Emperor Jahangir.<ref>R. C. Majumdar, ''The Mughul Empire'' (Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 2007) p. 167.</ref> Abu'l-Fazl's killer, [[Vir Singh Bundela]], sends the victim's severed head to Prince Salim as proof of the plot's success. 
* [[September 1]] – The [[Mutiny of Hoogstraten]], a rebellion by soldiers of the [[Army of Flanders]], begins with the seizure by 3,000 disgruntled mercenaries of the town of [[Hoogstraten]] (now in Belgium). The mutineers hold the town for almost two years before surrendering on 18 May 1604. 
* [[September 10]] – [[Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell|Rory O'Donnell]] (Rudhraighe Ó Domhnaill) becomes the last Irish [[List of rulers of Tyrconnell|King of Tyrconnell]] upon the death of his brother, [[Hugh Roe O'Donnell]] (Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill). After less than a year, Rory allows Tyrconnell (modern-day [[County Donegal]] in [[Northern Ireland]]) to come under Irish control in return for being created the [[Earl of Tyrconnell]]. 
* [[September 12]] – King Sigismund III Vasa of Poland receives the delivery of eight specially woven [[Persian carpet]]s displaying Poland's royal [[coat of arms]], after having dispatched agent Sefer Muratowicz to [[Kashan]].<ref>Erdmann, Kurt; Hanna. ''Seven Hundred Years of Oriental Carpets'' (University of California Press, 1970)</ref>
* [[September 20]] – The [[Siege of Grave (1602)|siege]] of the Spanish Netherlands town of [[Grave, Netherlands|De Graaf]] ends after two months as a Dutch and English army forces the surrender of the Spanish defenders.<ref>R. B. Wernham, ''The Return of the Armadas: The Last Years of the Elizabethan Wars Against Spain 1595–1603'' (Clarendon Press, 2004) pp. 411-412.</ref>
* [[September 30]] – The [[siege of Weissenstein]], a Swedish town that is now [[Paide]] in [[Estonia]], ends after four months with a victory of 2,000 Polish and Lithuanian troops commanded by [[Jan Zamoyski]], the [[Hetmans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Great Crown Hetman]] of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].

=== October–December ===
* [[October 3]] – [[Battle of the Narrow Seas]]: An English fleet, joined by the Dutch, begins a pursuit of six Spanish [[galley]]s through the [[Strait of Dover]], and defeats them the next day.
* [[November 8]] – The [[Bodleian Library]] at the [[University of Oxford]] in England is opened.<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=166–168|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>
* [[December 11]] – A surprise attack by forces under the command of [[Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy]], and his brother-in-law, [[Philip III of Spain]], is repelled by the citizens of [[Geneva]] (this actually takes place after midnight, in the early morning of December 12, but commemorations/celebrations on [[L'Escalade|Fête de l'Escalade]] are usually held on December 11 or the closest weekend).

=== Ongoing ===
* [[Russian famine of 1601–03]]
* [[Long Turkish War]] (1591/1593-1606)
* [[Jelali revolts]]

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] are expelled from [[Bahrain]].
* The [[Safavid Empire]] of [[Persia]] and the [[Spanish Empire]] conclude a defensive alliance and declare war on the [[Ottoman Empire]].
* First publication, in London, of:
** [[Ben Jonson]]'s satirical comedy ''[[Poetaster (play)|Poetaster]]''.
** [[William Shakespeare]]'s comedy ''[[The Merry Wives of Windsor]]''.
** The play ''[[A Larum for London|A Larum for London, or the Siedge of Antwerp]]''.
* Copies are printed of the [[:Image:Matteo Ricci Far East 1602 Larger.jpg|geographical map of East Asia]] created by [[Matteo Ricci]], an Italian [[Jesuit]] stationed in [[Ming dynasty]] Beijing, China, with Chinese-written labeling and map symbols.
* The [[Iconoclasm|iconoclast]] and [[Confucianism|Confucian]] scholar [[Li Zhi (philosopher)|Li Zhi]] commits suicide while in a Chinese prison, during the late [[Ming dynasty]]; he had taught that women were the intellectual equals of men and should be given equal opportunity in education; he was charged with spreading "dangerous ideas".

== Births ==
[[File:Amelia Elisabeth Landgräfin von Hessen-Kassel.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Countess Amalie Elisabeth of Hanau-Münzenberg]] born [[29 January]]]]
[[File:María de Jesús de Ágreda (cropped).png|thumb|right|110px|[[Mary of Jesus of Ágreda]] born [[2 April]]]]
[[File:Gilles personne de roberval.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Gilles de Roberval]] born [[10 August]]]]
[[File:SirWilliamMoriceSOS.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[William Morice (Secretary of State)]] born [[6 November]]]]
[[File:Agnes of Langeac.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Agnes of Jesus]] born [[17 November]]]]
===January–March===
* [[January 2]]
** [[Rodrigo Ponce de León, 4th Duke of Arcos]], Spanish noble (d. [[1658]])
** [[Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1683]])
* [[January 14]] – [[Sir Henry Slingsby, 1st Baronet]], English baronet (d. [[1658]])
* [[January 18]] – [[Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne]], fifth child of James VI of Scots and Anne of Denmark (d. 1602)
* [[January 19]] – [[Anna Maria Antigó]], Spanish Catholic nun (d. [[1676]])
* [[January 24]] – [[Mildmay Fane, 2nd Earl of Westmorland]], English politician (d. [[1666]])
* [[January 29]] – [[Countess Amalie Elisabeth of Hanau-Münzenberg]], Regent of Hesse-Kassel (1637–1650) (d. [[1651]])
* [[January 31]] – [[Adam Billaut]], French poet, carpenter (d. [[1662]])
* [[February 2]] – [[Jeanne des Anges]], French Ursuline nun in Loudun (d. [[1665]])
* [[February 12]] – [[Michelangelo Cerquozzi]], Italian painter (d. [[1660]])
* [[February 13]] – [[William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]] (d. [[1637]])
* [[February 14]] – [[Francesco Cavalli]], Italian composer of the early Baroque period (d. [[1676]])
* [[February 16]] – [[Eleonore Dorothea of Anhalt-Dessau]], Duchess of Saxe-Weimar by marriage (d. [[1664]])
* [[February 18]]
** [[Pieter Meulener]], Flemish Baroque painter (d. [[1654]])
** [[Per Brahe the Younger]], Swedish soldier and statesman (d. [[1680]])
* [[March 12]] – [[Juan Velez (bishop elect)|Juan Velez]], Spanish Catholic prelate who was appointed Bishop of Cebu (d. [[1661]])
* [[March 18]] – [[Jacques de Billy]], French Jesuit mathematician (d. [[1679]])
* [[March 24]] – [[Edward Leigh (writer)|Edward Leigh]], English writer (d. [[1671]])
* [[March 27]] – [[Sir Christopher Yelverton, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1654]])
* [[March 29]]
** [[John Arrowsmith (scholar)|John Arrowsmith]], English theologian and academic (d. [[1659]])
** [[John Lightfoot]], English churchman and rabbinical scholar (d. [[1675]])

===April–June===
* [[April]] – [[William Lawes]], English composer and musician (d. [[1645]])
* [[April 2]] – [[Mary of Jesus of Ágreda]], Franciscan abbess and spiritual writer (d. [[1665]])
* [[April 12]] – [[Daniel Knudsen Bildt]], Dano-Norwegian military officer and large estate owner in Norway (d. [[1651]])
* [[April 28]] – [[Tokugawa Yorinobu]], Japanese nobleman (d. [[1671]])
* [[April 30]] – [[Robert Baillie]], Scottish divine and historical writer (d. [[1662]])
* [[May 1]] – [[William Lilly]], English astrologer (d. [[1681]])
* [[May 2]] – [[Athanasius Kircher]], German scholar (d. [[1680]])
* [[May 10]] – [[Samuel Newman]], colonial Massachusetts clergyman (d. [[1663]])
* [[May 12]] – [[Dorothea Augusta of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp]], German duchess (d. [[1682]])
* [[May 26]] – [[Philippe de Champaigne]], French painter (d. [[1674]])
* [[June 2]] – [[Rudolf Christian, Count of East Frisia]], ruler of East Frisia in the early years of the [[Thirty Years' War]] (d. [[1628]])

===July–September===
* [[July 8]] – [[François Perrochel]], French cleric (d. [[1682]])
* [[July 9]] – [[Maeda Gen'i]], Japanese Buddhist priest
* [[July 14]] – [[Cardinal Mazarin]], French statesman (d. [[1661]])<ref>{{cite book|author=David J. Sturdy|title=Richelieu and Mazarin: A Study in Statesmanship|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LC3cCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87|date=24 September 2003|publisher=Macmillan International Higher Education|isbn=978-1-4039-4392-7|pages=87}}{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* [[July 15]] – [[John Bradshaw (judge)|John Bradshaw]], English judge and regicide (d. [[1659]])
* [[July 18]] – [[Samuel Stone]], Connecticut Puritan minister (d. [[1663]])
* [[July 26]] – [[Ana de los Angeles Monteagudo]], Peruvian nun (d. [[1686]])
* [[August 10]] – [[Gilles de Roberval]], French mathematician (d. [[1675]])
* [[August 23]] – [[Sir John Marsham, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1685]])
* [[August 31]] – [[Amalia of Solms-Braunfels]], Princess consort to [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange|Frederick Henry]] (d. [[1675]])
* [[September 1]] – [[Peregrine Hoby]], English politician (d. [[1679]])
* [[September 17]] – [[Sir Richard Newdigate, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1678]])
* [[September 29]] – [[Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland]], English military leader (d. [[1668]])

===October–December===
* [[October 3]] – [[Arnold Braemes]], English politician (d. [[1681]])
* [[October 9]] – [[Robert Caesar]], English politician (d. [[1637]])
* [[October 12]] – [[William Chillingworth]], controversial English churchman (d. [[1644]])
* [[November 6]] – [[William Morice (Secretary of State)|William Morice]], English politician (d. [[1676]])
* [[November 17]] – [[Agnes of Jesus]], French Catholic nun (d. [[1634]])
* [[November 20]] – [[Otto von Guericke]], German inventor and Mayor of Magdeburg (d. [[1686]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=David E. Newton|title=Encyclopedia of Air|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7Ak6AQAAIAAJ|year=2003|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=978-1-57356-564-6|page=138}}</ref>
* [[November 22]] – [[Elisabeth of France (1602–1644)|Elisabeth of France]], queen of [[Philip IV of Spain]] (d. [[1644]])
* [[November 23]] – [[Louis Philip, Count Palatine of Simmern-Kaiserslautern]], Prince of Paltinate (d. [[1655]])
* [[November 27]] – [[Chiara Margarita Cozzolani]], Italian abbess and composer (d. [[1670]])
* [[December 4]] – [[Johann Hülsemann]], German theologian (d. [[1661]])
* [[December 7]]
** [[Anne Holck]], Danish noble and war heroine (d. [[1660]])
** [[Bartholomew Mastrius]], Italian theologian (d. [[1673]])
* [[December 18]] – [[Simonds d'Ewes]], English antiquarian and politician (d. [[1650]])
* [[December 26]] – [[Sir Norton Knatchbull, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1685]])

===Date unknown===
* [[John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton]] (d. [[1678]])
* [[Caesar, duc de Choiseul]], French marshal and diplomat (d. [[1675]])
* [[John Greaves]], English mathematician and antiquary (d. [[1652]])
* [[Jean-Baptiste Budes, Comte de Guébriant]], marshal of France (d. [[1643]])
* [[Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester]], English soldier (d. [[1671]])
* [[Henry Marten (regicide)|Henry Marten]], English lawyer, politician and regicide (d. [[1680]])
* [[Theodorus Moretus]], Flemish mathematician (d. [[1667]])
* [[Nectarius of Jerusalem]], Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem (d. [[1676]])
* [[Dudley North, 4th Baron North]], English politician (d. [[1677]])
* [[Katarzyna Ostrogska (1602–1642)|Katarzyna Ostrogska]], Polish noblewoman (d. [[1642]])
* [[Antoine de l'Age, duc de Puylaurens]], French courtier (d. [[1635]])
* [[Eleonora Ramirez di Montalvo]], Italian educator (d. [[1659]])

===Probable===
* [[Owen Feltham]], English religious writer (d. [[1668]])
* [[Richard Óge Martyn]], Irish politician (d. [[1648]])
* [[Salomon van Ruysdael]], Dutch landscape painter (d. [[1670]])

== Deaths ==
[[File:Ludvig Munk til Nørlund.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Ludvig Munk]] died [[8 April]]]]
[[File:Anna of Mecklenburg.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Anna of Mecklenburg]] died [[4 July]]]]
[[File:HedwigBrandBraunWolf.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Hedwig of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Hedwig of Brandenburg]] died [[21 October]]]]
[[File:დავით პირველი.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[David I of Kakheti]] died [[21 October]]]]

=== January–March ===
* January – [[Claude Fauchet (historian)|Claude Fauchet]], French historian
* [[February 3]] – [[Paulus Melissus]], German composer (b. [[1539]])
* [[February 13]] – [[Alexander Nowell]], English clergyman (b. [[1507]])
* [[February 19]] – [[Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur]], French soldier (b. [[1558]])
* [[March 11]] – [[Emilio de' Cavalieri]], Italian composer (b. c. [[1550]])
* [[March 12]] – [[Philip IV, Count of Nassau-Weilburg]] and Nassau-Saarbrücken (1574–1602) (b. [[1542]])
* [[March 22]] – [[Agostino Carracci]], Italian painter and graphical artist (b. [[1557]])
* [[March 24]] – [[Ii Naomasa]], Japanese general (b. [[1561]])
* [[March 25]] – [[Joachim Frederick of Brieg]], Duke of Wołów (b. [[1550]])

=== April–June ===
* [[April 8]] – [[Ludvig Munk]], Governor-general of Norway (b. [[1537]])
* [[April 10]] – [[Amalia of Neuenahr]], German noble (b. [[1539]])
* [[April 20]] – [[Thomas Tichborne]], English martyr (b. [[1567]])
* [[April 26]] – [[Antonio Maria Salviati]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1537]])
* [[May 9]] – [[Giulio Antonio Santorio]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1532]])
* [[May 22]] – [[Renata of Lorraine]] (b. [[1544]])
* [[May 27]] – [[Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne]], infant son of King James I/VI

=== July–September ===
* [[July 4]] – [[Anna of Mecklenburg]], Duchess consort of Courland (1566–1587) (b. [[1533]])
* [[July 7]] – [[Friedrich Wilhelm I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar]], German noble (b. [[1562]])
* [[July 31]] – [[Charles de Gontaut, 1st Duke of Biron]], French noble and military commander (b. 1562)
* [[August 12]] – [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak]], Mughal vizier and historian (b. [[1551]])
* [[August 23]] – [[Sebastiano Filippi|Bastianino]], Italian painter (b. c. [[1536]])
* [[September 14]] – [[Jean Passerat]], French writer (b. [[1534]])
* [[September 25]]
** [[Caspar Peucer]], German reformer (b. [[1525]])
** [[William Redman (bishop)|William Redman]], Bishop of Norwich (b. [[1541]])
* [[September 30]] – [[Catherine of Brandenburg-Küstrin]], daughter of Margrave John of Küstrin (b. [[1549]])

=== October–December ===
* [[October]] – [[Thomas Morley]], English composer (b. [[1557]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=David Mason Greene|author2=Constance Green|title=Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m3S7PIxe0mwC&pg=PA78|year=1985|publisher=Reproducing Piano Roll Fnd.|isbn=978-0-385-14278-6|pages=78|language=en}}</ref>
* [[October 1]] – [[Hernando de Cabezón]], Spanish composer and organist (b. [[1541]])
* [[October 7]] – [[Thomas Schweicker]], German artist (b. [[1540]])
* [[October 13]] – [[Franciscus Junius (the elder)|Franciscus Junius]], French theologian (b. [[1545]])
* [[October 20]] – [[Walter Leveson]], English Elizabethan Member of Parliament, Shropshire landowner (b. [[1550]])
* [[October 21]]
** [[Hedwig of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]], Duchess consort of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (b. [[1540]])
** King [[David I of Kakheti]] (b. [[1569]])
* [[October 28]] – [[John, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein]], youngest son of Frederick II of Denmark and Norway (b. [[1583]])
* [[October 30]] – [[Jean-Jacques Boissard]], French antiquary and Latin poet (b. [[1528]])<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle= Boissard, Jean Jacques |volume= 04 |page = 154 |quote=...he died on the 30th of October 1602 }}</ref>
* [[October 31]] – [[Dominic Collins]], Irish Jesuit lay brother and martyr (b. [[1566]])
* [[November 23]] – [[Agnes of Solms-Laubach]], Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (b. [[1578]])
* [[November 29]] – [[Anthony Holborne]], English composer (b. c. [[1545]])
* [[December 1]] – [[Kobayakawa Hideaki]], Japanese samurai and warlord (b. [[1577]])
* [[December 29]] – [[Jacopo Corsi]], Italian composer (b. [[1561]])

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Epifani Olives i Terès]], Spanish politician
* [[Oda Ujiharu]], Japanese warlord (b. 1534)
* [[Valpuri Innamaa]], Finnish shipowner
* [[Daniel Tossanus]], French Reformed theologian (b. 1541) 

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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