Editing 1616 in science

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{{Science year nav|1616}}

The year '''1616 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.

==Astronomy==
* [[Galileo Galilei|Galileo]] challenges the [[Catholic Church]], saying [[Nicolaus Copernicus|Copernicus]]' [[Heliocentrism|heliocentric]] theory of the [[Solar System]] is correct. On February 24 he is forbidden to speak of Copernicus's theories. [[Tommaso Campanella]] writes ''The Defense of Galileo''.
* March 5 – [[Nicolaus Copernicus|Copernicus]]' ''[[De revolutionibus orbium coelestium]]'' (1543) is forbidden by the [[Congregation of the Index]] for reading "until corrected" (this is done in [[1620 in science|1620]]: nine sentences, in which the heliocentric system is represented as certain, have to be either omitted or changed).

==Biology==
* [[William Harvey]] presents his views on the [[circulation of blood]] as [[Lumleian Lecturer]] at the [[Royal College of Physicians|College of Physicians]], but will not publish them for a further dozen years.
* [[Fortunio Liceti]] publishes ''{{lang|la|De Monstruorum Natura}}'' which marks the beginning of studies into malformations of the [[embryo]].
* [[Fabio Colonna]] publishes ''{{lang|la|Ekphrasis altera}}'' in Rome, including two appendices, ''{{lang|la|De Purpura}}'' and ''{{lang|la|De glossopetris dissertatio}}'', where he argues that "tongue stones" are of organic origin, being [[Shark tooth|shark teeth]], ''glossopetrae''.

==Exploration==
* [[Robert Bylot]] and [[William Baffin]], searching for the [[Northwest Passage]], make a detailed exploration of [[Baffin Bay]] (March 26–August 30),<ref name="The People's Chronology">{{cite book|chapter=1616|title=The People's Chronology|editor=Everett, Jason M.|publisher=Thomson Gale|year=2006}}</ref> discover [[Smith Sound]], [[Lancaster Sound]] and [[Devon Island]], and reach [[latitude]] 77° 45' North, a record for the Farthest North in America which holds for 236 years.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=ExploreNorth|title=Robert Bylot|url=http://explorenorth.com/library/bios/bl-bylot.htm|accessdate=2014-01-07}}</ref>

==Mathematics==
* English [[mathematician]] [[Henry Briggs (mathematician)|Henry Briggs]] visits [[Edinburgh]] to show [[John Napier]] his efficient method of finding [[logarithm]]s by the continued extraction of [[square roots]].

==Technology==
* [[Croatia]]n [[mathematician]] [[Fausto Veranzio]] publishes ''Machinae novae'', a book of mechanical and technological [[inventions]], some of which are applicable to the solution of hydrological problems, and others concern the construction of [[water clock]]s, [[sundial]]s, [[Mill (grinding)|mills]], presses, bridges and boats.
* Italian [[Giuliano Bossi]] invents a double-barreled gun.

==Publications==
* Publication of the [[Alchemy|alchemical]] [[allegory]] ''The [[Chymical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreutz]]'' (''Chymische Hochzeit Christiani Rosencreutz anno 1459'') anonymously (probably by [[Johannes Valentinus Andreae]]) in [[Strasbourg]].

==Births==
* October 18 – [[Nicholas Culpeper]], English [[herbalist]] (died [[1654 in science|1654]])
* November 22 – [[John Wallis]], English [[mathematician]] who makes important contributions to the development of [[algebra]] and [[analytical geometry]] (died [[1703 in science|1703]])
* November 23 ''(bapt.)'' – [[John Kersey the elder|John Kersey]], English mathematician (died [[1677 in science|1677]])
* [[Kamalakara]], Indian [[astronomer]] and mathematician (died [[1700 in science|1700]])
* ''approx. date'' – [[John French (physician)|John French]], English [[physician]] and [[chemist]] (died [[1657 in science|1657]])

==Deaths==
* March 3 – [[Matthias de l'Obel]], [[Flemish people|Flemish]]-born physician and [[botanist]] (born [[1538 in science|1538]])
* March 19 – [[Johannes Fabricius]], [[Frisians|Frisian]] [[astronomer]] (born [[1587 in science|1587]])
* July 25 – [[Andreas Libavius]], German [[physician]] (born [[1555 in science|1555]]).

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1616]]
[[Category:17th century in science]]
[[Category:1610s in science]]