Editing 1627

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1627}}
{{one source|date=January 2021}}
{{Year nav|1627}}
[[File:Grol anno 1627 (Visscher).jpg|thumb|300px|[[August 19]]: The heavily fortified Spanish Netherlands city of [[Groenlo|Grol]], falling after [[Siege of Groenlo (1627)|a 30-day siege]] by the Dutch Republic leader, [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange]].]]
{{C17 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1627}}

== Events ==
[[File:Ur-painting.jpg|right|thumb|The last recorded [[Aurochs]] dies in [[Poland]].]]
<onlyinclude>
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 26]] &ndash; The [[Netherlands|Dutch]] ship ''[['t Gulden Zeepaert (schip, 1626)|'t Gulden Zeepaert]]'', skippered by [[François Thijssen]], makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of [[South Australia]].
* [[February 15]] &ndash; The administrative rural parish of [[Iisalmi]] ({{langx|sv|Idensalmi}}) is established in [[Savonia (historical province)|Savonia]], by order of King [[Gustavus Adolphus|Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden]].<ref>[https://www.iisalmi.fi/Suomeksi/Kaupunki-Info/Historia Iisalmi: Historia] (in Finnish)</ref>
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[England]] lands the first [[Europe]]an settlers on [[Barbados]].
* [[March 3]] &ndash; After the [[First Manchu invasion of Korea]], the [[Joseon]] dynasty of [[Korea]] becomes a [[tributary state]] of the [[Manchu people|Manchu]]s, but still pays respects to the [[Ming dynasty]] of [[China]]. After rejecting a Manchu alteration to the original diplomatic terms in 1636, the Manchus invade again in [[1637]].
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]], is forced to abdicate after his spending brings Hesse-Kassel to bankruptcy. His son takes over as [[William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel|William V]] and cedes much of the landgravate in September to bring peace in its war against Hesse-Darmstadt.
* March &ndash; Start of the [[Trịnh–Nguyễn War]] in modern-day Vietnam: [[Trịnh Tráng]] leads an army of 200,000 troops southward to attack the Đàng Trong governed by Lord [[Nguyễn Phúc Nguyên]].

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 10]] &ndash; The ''[['t Gulden Zeepaert (schip, 1626)|'t Gulden Zeepaert]]'' reaches [[Jakarta|Batavia]] in the Dutch East Indies.
* [[April 17]] &ndash; The [[States of Friesland]] agree on the 28-point Appeal about Abuses after allowing the citizens to voice their complaints.
* [[May 10]] &ndash; The Kingdom of England reaches an agreement with [[Sidi Al-Ayyashi]], a Moroccan [[Mujahidin]] leader to obtain his help in releasing English captives seized by [[Barbary corsairs]].  
* [[May 13]] &ndash; France and England sign an agreement on dividing the island of [[Saint Kitts]]. 
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Ngarolamo]] becomes the new [[Sultanate of Tidore|Sultan of Tidore]] in the Maluku Islands in modern-day Indonesia. 
* [[June 15]] &ndash; The [[States of Friesland]] promulgate the Resolution on the April 17 appeal about abuses. 
* [[June 20]]
** [[Hinchingbrooke House]] in the east of England is sold by [[Oliver Cromwell (died 1655)|Sir Oliver Cromwell]], to [[Sidney Montagu (MP, died 1644)|Sidney Montagu]].
** [[Turkish Abductions]]: [[Barbary corsairs]] from [[Salé]] raid the fishing village of [[Grindavík]] in [[Iceland]] and take captives into slavery, the first of several raids.<ref name=HhetuT>{{Cite web|title=Hvaða heimildir eru til um Tyrkjaránið?|author=Þorsteinn Helgason|url=http://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=5738|access-date=2020-12-06|website=Vísindavefurinn|language=is}}</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 5]]–[[July 13|13]] &ndash; [[Turkish Abductions]]: [[Barbary corsairs]] from [[Algiers]] raid the [[East Fjords]] of Iceland and take captives into slavery.<ref name=HhetuT/>
* [[July 16]] &ndash; Turkish Abductions: the Barbary corsairs from Algiers raid the island of [[Heimaey]] off Iceland, take captives into slavery and kill others.<ref name=HhetuT/>
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Eighty Years' War]]: [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange]], begins the [[Siege of Groenlo (1627)|Siege of Grol]], the last [[Spain|Spanish]] stronghold in the eastern [[Netherlands]], and captures it after 30 days.
* [[July 22]] &ndash; The English, under the [[Duke of Buckingham]], invade the [[Île de Ré]] off the coast of France in support of the [[Huguenot]]s in [[La Rochelle]]; the invasion fails.
* [[July 27]] &ndash; An [[earthquake]] destroys the cities of [[San Severo]] and [[Torremaggiore]] in southern [[Italy]].
* [[August 16]] &ndash; In a persecution of Christians in Japan, [[205 Martyrs of Japan|14 Franciscan missionaries and converts are killed]]. 
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[Eighty Years' War]]: Grol, in the Spanish Netherlands, is captured after the siege started on July 20 by Prince Frederick Henry.
* [[September 10]] &ndash; The [[Siege of La Rochelle]] begins as the Roman Catholic nations of France and Spain move to suppress the revolt of Protestant Huguenots in the western French city.<ref>{{cite book|author=A. Lloyd Moote|title=Louis XIII, the Just|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ya0wDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA194|date=8 August 1991|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-07546-7|pages=194|language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]] begins his reign as the new Sultan of Bijapur in south India, after the death of his father, [[Ibrahim Adil Shah II]]. 
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]], landgrave of the German state [[Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel|Hesse-Kassel]], signs the ''Hauptakkord'' with [[George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt|George II]] of [[Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt|Hesse-Darmstadt]], ceding much of its territory.
* [[September 30]] &ndash; The reign of China's 21-year old ruler, the Ming dynasty [[Tianqi Emperor]], Zhu Youjiao, ends after seven years.

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 2]] &ndash; The Tianqi Emperor's 16-year-old brother, Zhu Youjian, is enthroned as the [[Chongzhen Emperor]].
* [[October 28]] &ndash; The Mughal Emperor [[Jahangir]] dies of a respiratory illness near [[Bhimber]] while attempting to return to his palace at [[Lahore]].
* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[Shahryar Mirza]], the 22-year-old son of [[Jahangir]] and son-in-law of Jahangir's widow [[Nur Jahan]], is installed as the new Mughal Emperor at Lahore.
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[Thirty Years' War]]: [[Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania]], signs the [[Capitulation of Franzburg]], in which [[Pomerania]] is forced to pay for the Imperial army that [[Wallenstein]] sent to occupy it. Nonetheless, despite the treaty, Pomerania is devastated by the Imperial troops.
* [[November 28]] &ndash; [[Polish-Swedish War (1625–1629)|Polish-Swedish War]]: [[Battle of Oliwa]] &ndash; A [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Polish-Lithuanian fleet]] defeats a [[Sweden|Swedish]] fleet.
* [[December 18]] &ndash; ''La selva sin amor'' (The Forest without Love), written by [[Lope de Vega]] and with music by Alessandro Piccinini, premieres as the first Spanish opera. 
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Vincenzo II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua]], dies of poor health at the age of 33. [[Charles I Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua|Charles I Gonzaga]] becomes the Duke over the objections of [[Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy]], leading to the [[War of the Mantuan Succession]].
* [[December 27]] &ndash; In Madrid, ministers of King Philip IV of Spain, draw up proposals for a "Kingdom and Republic of Ireland" that would break with England, to have two Captains General to be executives of the Republic. 
* [[December 30]] (Jumada-l awwal 2, 1037 AH) &ndash; Shihab-ud-Din Muhammad Khurram, son of the later Emperor Jahangir, enters [[Lahore]] after defeating his brother Shahryar Mirza. He is proclaimed as [[Shah Jahan]].

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Habsburg Spain]] suffers an economic collapse.
* The last recorded [[aurochs]] die in the [[Jaktorów]] Forest of [[Poland]].
* [[Rock blasting]] is invented: Black [[gunpowder]] is first used in [[mining]], in a mineshaft under [[Banská Štiavnica]], [[Slovakia]].</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
[[File:Samuel van Hoogstraten - Zelfportret.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten]]]]
[[File:1627 louise Henriette.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Countess Louise Henriette of Nassau]]]]

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Robert Boyle]], Anglo-Irish scientist (d. [[1691]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Robert Boyle {{!}} Biography, Contributions, Works, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Boyle |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=4 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[February 2]] &ndash; [[Sir Robert Kemp, 2nd Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1710]])
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Cornelis de Bie]], Flemish poet, jurist (d. [[1715]])
* [[February 15]] &ndash; [[Charles Morton (educator)|Charles Morton]], Cornish nonconformist minister (d. [[1698]])
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Philips Augustijn Immenraet]], Flemish painter (d. [[1679]])
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford]] (d. [[1703]])
* [[March 9]]
** [[Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk]], English noble (d. [[1677]])
** [[Walter Moyle (MP)|Walter Moyle]], English politician (d. [[1701]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Roelant Roghman]], Dutch Golden Age painter (d. [[1692]])
* [[March 27]] &ndash; Sir [[Stephen Fox]], English politician (d. [[1716]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Debrett's Genealogical Peerage of Great Britain and Ireland|location= London|year= 1847|page= 422 (Earl of Ilchester)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m19HAQAAMAAJ&q=whittle+gules+a+chevron+ermine&pg=PA422}}</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Johann Caspar Kerll]], German baroque composer and organist (d. [[1693]])
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[Tsarevna Irina Mikhailovna of Russia]] (d. [[1679]])
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Giuseppe Francesco Borri]], Italian alchemist (d. [[1695]])
* [[May 16]]
** [[Willem van Aelst]], Dutch artist (d. [[1683]])
** [[Rudolph Augustus, Duke of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel]] (d. [[1704]])
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Hector d'Andigné de Grandfontaine]], Governor of Acadia from 1670 to 1673 (d. [[1696]])
* [[May 29]]
** [[Anne, Duchess of Montpensier]], French princess and duchess (d. [[1693]])
** [[Nikolaj Nissen (1627–1684)|Nikolaj Nissen]], Danish judge (d. [[1684]])
* [[June 4]] &ndash; [[Eiler Holck]], Danish military officer (d. [[1696]])
* [[June 14]] &ndash; [[Johann Abraham Ihle]], German amateur astronomer (d. [[1699]])
* [[June 19]] &ndash; [[Thomas Richardson, 2nd Lord Cramond]], English Member of Parliament (d. [[1674]])

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Anna Maria of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]], consort of Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels (d. [[1669]])
* [[July 3]] &ndash; [[Juan Ortega y Montañés]], Spanish Catholic bishop, colonial administrator in Guatemala and New Spain (d. [[1708]])
* [[July 18]] &ndash; [[Henry Howard, 5th Earl of Suffolk]], youngest son of Theophilus Howard (d. [[1709]])
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Thomas Wynne]], English personal physician of William Penn (d. [[1691]])
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[John Francis Desideratus, Prince of Nassau-Siegen]] (1652–1699) (d. [[1699]])
* [[August 1]] &ndash; [[Princess Louise of Savoy]], Hereditary Princess of Baden-Baden (d. [[1689]])
* [[August 2]] &ndash; [[Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten]], Dutch painter of the Golden Age (d. [[1678]])
* [[August 8]]
** [[Bartolomé Garcia de Escañuela]], Spanish Catholic prelate, Bishop of Durango (1676–1684), Bishop of Puerto Rico (1670–1676) (d. [[1684]])
** [[Joseph Moxon]], English printer (d. [[1691]])
* [[August 21]]
** [[Louis Cousin]], French translator (d. [[1707]])
** [[August of Legnica]], Silesian nobleman (d. [[1679]])
* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Philipp Jakob Sachs]], German physician (d. [[1672]])
* [[August 30]]
** [[Margaretha van Godewijk]], Dutch Golden Age poet and painter (d. [[1677]])
** [[Itō Jinsai]], Japanese philosopher (d. [[1705]])
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[John Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar]] (1662–1683) (d. [[1683]])
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[Humbertus Guilielmus de Precipiano]], Belgian Catholic archbishop (d. [[1711]])
* [[September 27]] &ndash; [[Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet]], French bishop and theologian (d. [[1704]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=James David Draper|author2=Augustin Pajou|author3=Guilhem Scherf|author4=Musée du Louvre|title=Augustin Pajou: Royal Sculptor, 1730-1809|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MrF-k0ezsIcC&pg=PA306|year=1997|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=978-0-87099-840-9|pages=306|language=en}}</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Galeazzo Marescotti]], Italian Catholic cardinal (d. [[1726]])
* [[October 3]] &ndash; [[William Crispin]], one of five English Commissioners appointed by William Penn for settling Pennsylvania (d. [[1681]])
* [[October 4]]
** [[Sir John Fagg, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1701]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/fagg-john-i-1627-1701|website=History of Parliament Online|title=Fagg, John|access-date=9 November 2022}}</ref>
** [[Francisco Varo]], Spanish linguist (d. [[1687]])
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Herman Egon, Prince of Fürstenberg]], High Chamberlain of the Elector of Bavaria (d. [[1674]])
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Diego Luis de San Vitores]], Spanish Jesuit missionary to Guam (d. [[1672]])
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Marie Jonas de la Motte]], Dutch prostitute (d. [[1683]])
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Erasmus Finx]], German polymath (d. [[1694]])
* [[November 17]] &ndash; [[John George II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau]] (1660–1693) (d. [[1693]])
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[Charlotte, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel]], German noble (d. [[1686]])
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Theophil Großgebauer]], German theologian (d. [[1661]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[John Ray]], English biologist (d. [[1705]])
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[St John Brodrick (1627–1711)|St John Brodrick]], Irish Member of Parliament (d. [[1711]])
* [[December 7]] &ndash; [[Countess Louise Henriette of Nassau]], Electress Consort of Brandenburg (1646–1667) (d. [[1667]])
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Jean Baptiste de Champaigne]], Flemish painter (d. [[1681]])
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Daniel Pawłowski]], Polish writer (d. [[1673]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Alessandro Rosi]], Italian artist (d. [[1697]])

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Maria Sofia De la Gardie]], Swedish countess and industrialist  (d. [[1694]])
* Sir [[John Flavel]], English dissenter and writer (d. [[1691]])<ref>{{DNB|wstitle=Flavel, John (1630?-1691)|first=Thomas|last=Hamilton|volume=19}}</ref>
* [[Philip Fruytiers]], Flemish painter (d. [[1666]])
* [[Turhan Hatice]], regent of the Ottoman Empire (d. [[1683]])

=== Approximate date ===
* [[Ariana Nozeman]], Dutch actress  (d. [[1661]])

== Deaths ==
[[File:Olivier van Noort.png|thumb|right|110px|[[Olivier van Noort]]]]
[[File:Indian - Single Leaf of a Portrait of the Emperor Jahangir - Walters W705 - Detail.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Jahangir]]]]
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[John Casimir, Count of Erbach-Breuberg]] (1606–1627) (b. [[1584]])
* [[January 27]] &ndash; [[Princess Cecilia of Sweden]] (b. [[1540]])
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Edmund Bowyer (died 1627)|Edmund Bowyer]], English politician (b. [[1552]])
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Karl I, Prince of Liechtenstein]] (b. [[1569]])
* [[February 22]] &ndash; [[Olivier van Noort]], Dutch navigator (b. [[1558]])
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[Simon VII, Count of Lippe]]-Detmold (1613–1627) (b. [[1587]])
* [[March 6]] &ndash; [[Krzysztof Zbaraski]], Polish statesman (b. [[1580]])
* [[March 10]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth de Vere, Countess of Derby]], British businessman (b. [[1575]])
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Johann Jacob Grasser]], Swiss poet, historian and theologian (b. [[1579]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Lodovico Zacconi]], Italian composer and music theorist (b. [[1555]])
* [[March 27]] &ndash; Sir [[John Suckling (politician)|John Suckling]], English politician (b. [[1569]]).<ref>[[s:Suckling, John (DNB00)|Dictionary of National Biography]]</ref>
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[Ahmad Baba al Massufi]], Malian academic (b. [[1556]])
* [[May 2]] &ndash; [[Lodovico Grossi da Viadana]], Italian composer (b. [[1560]])
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford]], son of Sir Francis Russell (b. [[1572]])
* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Alexander, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg]] (b. [[1573]])
* [[May 18]] &ndash; [[Valerius Herberger]], German theologian (b. [[1562]])
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[Katharina Henot]], German General Postmaster, alleged witch (b. [[1570]]) 
* [[May 24]] &ndash; [[Luis de Góngora]], Spanish poet (b. [[1561]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Hugh Chisholm|author2=James Louis Garvin|title=The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature & General Information|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nuezwLN7O0QC|year=1926|publisher=Encyclcopædia Britannica|page=234}}</ref>
* [[June 4]] &ndash; [[Marie de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier]], French princess (b. [[1605]])
* [[June 27]] &ndash; Sir [[John Hayward (historian)|John Hayward]], English historian (b. c. [[1560]])
* [[July 4]] ''(bur.)'' &ndash; [[Thomas Middleton]], English playwright (b. [[1580]])
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, 5th Marquis of Villafranca]], Spanish noble and politician (b. [[1546]])
* [[August 21]] &ndash; [[Jacques Mauduit]], French composer (b. [[1557]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Joseph Detheridge|title=Chronology of Music Composers: 820 to 1810|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_uk2AQAAIAAJ|year=1972|publisher=Scholarly Pres|isbn=978-0-403-01390-6|page=18|language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[Francesco Maria del Monte]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1549]])
* [[September 20]] &ndash; [[Jan Gruter]], Dutch scholar (b. [[1560]])
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Jahangir]], Mughal Emperor of India (b. [[1569]])
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[John Ratcliffe (soldier)|John Ratcliffe]], English politician and soldier (b. [[1582]])
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Louis II, Count of Nassau-Weilburg]] (b. [[1565]])
* [[December]] &ndash; [[Madame Ke]], influential nanny of the Tianqi Emperor of China (b. c. [[1588]])
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Vincenzo II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua]], Italian duke and Catholic cardinal (b. [[1594]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Hendrick Lucifer]], Dutch pirate and buccaneer (b. [[1583]])
** [[Marie Vernier]], French actress (b. [[1590]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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