Editing 1657 in science

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{{Year nav topic5|1657|science}}
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The year '''1657 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.

==Geography==
* [[Peter Heylin]] publishes his ''Cosmographie'', one of the earliest attempts to describe the entire world in English and the first known description of Australia.

==Mathematics==
* [[Christiaan Huygens]] writes the first book to be published on [[probability theory]],<ref>"I believe that we do not know anything for certain, but everything probably." —Christiaan Huygens, Letter to Pierre Perrault, 'Sur la préface de M. Perrault de son traité del'Origine des fontaines' [1763], ''Oeuvres Complétes de Christiaan Huygens'' (1897), Vol. '''7''', 298. Quoted in Jacques Roger, ''The Life Sciences in Eighteenth-Century French Thought'', ed. Keith R. Benson and trans. Robert Ellrich (1997), 163. Quotation selected by W.F. Bynum and Roy Porter (eds., 2005), ''Oxford Dictionary of Scientific Quotations'' {{ISBN|0-19-858409-1}} p. 317 quotation 4.</ref> ''De ratiociniis in ludo aleae'' ("On Reasoning in Games of Chance").<ref>{{cite book|pages=[https://archive.org/details/mathematicsfromb1997gull/page/963 963–965]|authorlink=Jan Gullberg|first=Jan|last=Gullberg|title=Mathematics from the Birth of Numbers|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=978-0-393-04002-9|url=https://archive.org/details/mathematicsfromb1997gull/page/963}}</ref>

==Medicine==
* [[Walter Rumsey]] invents the provang, a [[baleen]] instrument which he describes in his ''Organon Salutis: an instrument to cleanse the stomach.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.coffee-beans-arabica.com/info/coffee_houses_of_old_london.htm|title=The Coffee Houses of Old London|accessdate=2011-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225232747/http://www.coffee-beans-arabica.com/info/coffee_houses_of_old_london.htm|archive-date=2012-02-25|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/james-cornelius-morrice/wales-in-the-seventeenth-century--its-literature-and-men-of-letters-and-action-ala/page-26-wales-in-the-seventeenth-century--its-literature-and-men-of-letters-and-action-ala.shtml|first=J. C.|last=Morrice|title=Wales in the Seventeenth Century: its literature and men of letters and action|location=Bangor|publisher=Jarvis & Foster|year=1918|page=26|accessdate=2011-05-23}}</ref>

==Technology==
* [[Christiaan Huygens]] [[patent]]s his [[1656 in science|1656]] design for a [[pendulum clock]] and the first example is made for him by [[Salomon Coster]] at [[The Hague]].<ref>{{cite book|author=van den Ende, Hans|title=Huygens's Legacy: The Golden Age of the Pendulum Clock|publisher=Fromanteel Ltd|year=2004|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
* ''approx. date'' – The [[anchor escapement]] for [[clock]]s is probably invented by [[Robert Hooke]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Milham|first= Willis I.|title=Time and Timekeepers|year=1945|location=London|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-0-7808-0008-3|page=146}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Glasgow|first=David|title=Watch and Clock Making|year=1885|publisher=Cassell|location=London|url=https://archive.org/details/watchandclockma00glasgoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/watchandclockma00glasgoog/page/n279 293]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Headrick |first=Michael |year=2002 |title=Origin and Evolution of the Anchor Clock Escapement |journal=Control Systems Magazine |publisher=Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |volume=22 |issue=2 |url=http://www.geocities.com/mvhw/anchor.html |accessdate=2007-06-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091025120920/http://geocities.com/mvhw/anchor.html |archivedate=October 25, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Reid|first=Thomas|title=Treatise on Clock and Watch-making, Theoretical and Practical|publisher=Carey & Lea|year=1832|location=Philadelphia|url=https://archive.org/details/treatiseonclock01reidgoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/treatiseonclock01reidgoog/page/n198 184]}}</ref>

==Institutions==
* [[Accademia del Cimento]] established in [[Florence]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Panzanelli|first1=Roberta|title=Ephemeral Bodies:Wax Sculpture and the Human Figure|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmVkL49nvDgC&pg=PA102|publisher=Getty Research Institute|page=102|date=2008|isbn=9780892368778}}</ref>

==Births==
* February 11 – [[Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle]], French scientific populariser (died [[1757 in science|1757]])
* ''approx. date'' – [[Pierre-Charles Le Sueur]], French fur trader and explorer (died [[1704 in science|1704]])

==Deaths==
* June 3 – [[William Harvey]], English [[physician]] who discovered the circulation of blood (born [[1578 in science|1578]])
* June 16 – [[Fortunio Liceti]], Italian [[Aristotelian physics|Aristotelian]] scientific [[polymath]] (born [[1577 in science|1577]])
* September 23 – [[Joachim Jungius]], German [[mathematician]], [[logician]] and philosopher of science (born [[1587 in science|1587]])
* October 22 – [[Cassiano dal Pozzo]], Italian scholar and patron (born [[1588 in science|1588]])
* November – [[John French (physician)|John French]], English physician and [[chemist]] (born c. [[1616 in science|1616]])

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1657 in science| ]]
[[Category:17th century in science]]
[[Category:1650s in science]]