Editing 1665 in science

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The year '''1665 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.

==Events==
* Summer – [[Isaac Newton]] graduates from the [[University of Cambridge]] which is then closed as a precaution against [[bubonic plague]] so he retires to his birthplace at [[Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth]] to develop his theories on [[calculus]], [[optics]] and the [[law of gravitation]].

==Astronomy==
* [[Giovanni Domenico Cassini|Giovanni Cassini]] discovered [[Jupiter]]'s [[Great Red Spot|red spot]] was a permanent feature and used this to measure Jupiter's period of rotation as 9 hours 56 minutes.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hockey |first=Thomas |date=1998 |title=Galileo's Planet: Observing Jupiter Before Photography |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FhstfdOsgwoC |publisher=CRC Press |page=26 |isbn=978-0750304481 |quote=Cassini's sighting of a 'permanent spot' in 1665 was the more important observation because the regular recurring passage across the jovian disc of this easily observed feature not only offered proof of Jupiter's rotation but allowed Cassini to calculate the first reliable rotation time for the planet: 9h 56min}}</ref>

==Cartography==
* Publication of the '[[Atlas Maior]]' (''Theatrum Orbis Terrarum'') completed by [[Joan Blaeu]] in [[Amsterdam]].

==Medicine==
* April 12 – First recorded victim of the '[[Great Plague of London]]' (1665–66), the last major outbreak of [[bubonic plague]] in the [[British Isles]].

==Microbiology==
* September – [[Robert Hooke]]'s ''[[Micrographia]]'' published, first applying the term '[[Cell (biology)|cell]]' to plant tissue, which he discovered first in cork, then in living organisms, using a [[microscope]].

==Paleontology==
* [[Athanasius Kircher]] in ''[[Mundus Subterraneus (book)|Mundus Subterraneus]]'' (publication of which begins in Amsterdam) describes giant bones as those belonging to extinct races of humans.<ref>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Douglas|year=2005|title=Earth Time: exploring the deep past from Victorian England to the Grand Canyon|publisher=Wiley|location=Chichester|isbn=978-0-470-02221-4}}</ref>

==Publications==
* January 5 – The ''[[Journal des sçavans]]'' begins publication in [[France]], the first scientific journal.
* March 6 – The ''[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society|Philosophical Transactions]]'' of the [[Royal Society]] of London begins publication in [[England]] under the editorship of [[Henry Oldenburg]], the first scientific journal in [[English language|English]] and the oldest to be continuously published.

==Births==
* May 1 – [[John Woodward (naturalist)|John Woodward]], [[English people|English]] [[naturalist]] and [[physician]] (died [[1728 in science|1728]])
* ''approx. date'' – [[James Petiver]], English naturalist and [[apothecary]] (died [[1718 in science|1718]])

==Deaths==
* January 12 – [[Pierre de Fermat]], [[French people|French]] [[mathematician]] (born [[1607 in science|1607]])
* November 18 – [[Blaise Francois Pagan]], French [[military engineer]] (born [[1603 in science|1603]])

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1665 in science| ]]
[[Category:17th century in science]]
[[Category:1660s in science]]