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{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}} {{Year dab|1672}} {{Year nav|1672}} [[File:De bestorming van Coevorden, 30 december 1672, SK-A-486.jpg|thumb|300px|[[December 30]]: The Dutch Republic retakes [[Coevorden]] from the French Army after a string of losses, closing out the year of disaster, the "Rampjaar".]] {{C17 year in topic}} [[File:Louis XIV crosses the Rhine at Lobith - Lodewijk XIV trekt bij het Tolhuis bij Lobith de Rijn over, 12 juni 1672 (Adam Frans van der Meulen).jpg|thumb|300px|[[June 12]]: King [[Louis XIV of France]] crosses the [[Rhine]] at [[Lobith]].]] {{for|the year as it is known in Dutch history|Rampjaar}} {{Year article header|1672}} == Events == [[File:Jan_de_Baen-_De_lijken_van_de_gebroeders_de_Witt.jpg|thumbnail|110px|right|[[August 20]]: [[Cornelis de Witt|Cornelis]] and [[Johan de Witt]] are killed by a mob in [[The Hague]].]] <onlyinclude> === January–March === * [[January 2]] – After the government of [[England]] is unable to pay the nation's debts, [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]] decrees the [[Stop of the Exchequer]], the suspension of payments for one year "upon any warrant, securities or orders, whether registered or not registered therein, and payable within that time, excepting only such payments as shall grow due upon orders on the subsidy, according to the Act of Parliament, and orders and securities upon the fee farm rents, both which are to be proceeded upon as if such a stop had never been made." The money saved by not paying debts is redirected toward the expenses of the upcoming war with the [[Dutch Republic]], but the effect is for the halt by banks for extending further credit to the Crown. Before the end of the year, the suspension of payments is extended from December 31 to May 31, and then to January 31, 1674. * [[January 11]] – The [[Royal Society|Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge]], national science academy for England, elects [[Isaac Newton]] to its membership, and then demonstrates Newton's [[Newtonian telescope|reflecting telescope]] to King Charles II. * [[January 13]] – [[Pope Clement X]] issues regulations for the prerequisites of removing [[relic]]s of [[saint#Catholic Church|Roman Catholic saints]] from sacred cemeteries, requiring advance approval from the [[Cardinal Vicar]] in Rome before the remains of the saint can be allowed for view. The Cardinal Vicar is directed to bar regular persons from viewing remains, and to limit inspection to high prelates and to princes. * [[January 25]] – The [[Theatre Royal, Drury Lane#First theatre: Theatre Royal, Bridges Street (1663)|Theatre Royal]], located at the time on Bridges Street in London, burns down.<ref>Brian Dobbs, ''Drury Lane: Three Centuries of the Theatre Royal, 1663–1971'' (Cassell, 1972) p. 51</ref> A replacement structure is built on Drury Lane in 1674. * [[February 16]] (February 6, 1671 O.S.) – [[Isaac Newton]] sends a paper for publication regarding his experiments on the refraction of light through glass prisms and makes the first identification of the "[[primary color]]s" of [[light|visible light]] on the [[electromagnetic spectrum]], reporting that "The Original or primary colours are, Red, Yellow, Green, Blew, and a Violet-purple, together with Orange, Indico, and an indefinite variety of Intermediate gradations."<ref>[https://zenodo.org/record/1432118#.YjjdwzjMJEY "A Letter of Mr. Isaac Newton, Professor of the Mathematicks in the University of Cambridge; Containing His New Theory about Light and Colors: Sent by the Author to the Publisher from Cambridge, Febr. 6. 1671/72; In Order to be Communicated to the R. Society"], ''Philosophical Transactions'', February 19, 1671/72</ref> * [[February 25]] – [[William III of England|Willem, Prince of Orange]], the 21-year-old Stadtholder of Gelderland and Utrecht, is approved by the [[States General of the Netherlands|States General of the Dutch Republic]] to command the [[Dutch States Army]] for the impending war with England. * [[March 12]] – [[Action of 12 March 1672]], a 2-day naval engagement between an English coastal patrol and a Dutch Smyrna convoy off the south coast of England. The English fleet suffers severe damage while most of the Dutch convoy escapes, although one of the Dutch commanders (De Haaze) is killed and one warship taken as a prize (''[[Klein Hollandia]]'') sinks; the latter will be rediscovered in 2019.<ref>{{cite news|last=Davies|first=Caroline|title='Remarkable': Eastbourne shipwreck identified as 17th-century Dutch warship|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2023/jan/27/remarkable-eastbourne-shipwreck-identified-as-17th-century-dutch-warship|access-date=2023-01-27|work=The Guardian|location=London|date=2023-01-27}}</ref> * [[March 15]] – [[Charles II of England]] issues the [[Declaration of Indulgence (1672)|Royal Declaration of Indulgence]], suspending execution of [[penal law (Britain)|Penal Laws]] against [[Protestant]] [[Nonconformist (Protestantism)|nonconformists]] and [[Roman Catholics]] in his realms;<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8}}</ref> this will be withdrawn the following year under pressure from the [[Parliament of England]]. * [[March 16]] – At the [[Synod of Jerusalem (1672)|Synod of Jerusalem]], presided over by [[Dositheos II of Jerusalem]], the 68 bishops and representatives from the whole of [[Eastern Orthodox]] Christendom close by approving the Orthodox dogma against the challenge of [[Protestantism]], declaring against "the falsehoods of the adversaries which they have devised against the Eastern Church" and making a goal of "reformation of their innovations and for their return to the catholic and apostolic church in which their forefathers also were."<ref>''The Acts and Decrees of the Synod of Jerusalem, Sometimes Called the Council of Bethlehem, Holden Under Dositheus, Patriarch of Jerusalem in 1672'', translated by J. N. W. B. Robertson (Thomas Baker publishing, 1899) pp. 173-181</ref> * [[March 17]] – The [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]] begins as the [[Kingdom of England]] declares war on the [[Dutch Republic]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/> === April–June === * [[April 8]] – [[Kingdom of France|France]] declares [[Franco-Dutch War|war on the Dutch Republic]], invading the country on [[April 29]]. * [[May 2]] – [[John Maitland, Duke of Lauderdale|John Maitland]] becomes Duke of Lauderdale and Earl of March. * [[June 1]] – [[Prince-Bishopric of Münster|Münster]] and [[Electorate of Cologne|Cologne]] begin their invasion of the Dutch Republic; hence 1672 becomes known as ''het [[rampjaar]]'' ("the disaster year") in the [[Netherlands]]. * [[June 7]] – [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]] – [[Battle of Solebay]]: An indecisive sea battle results, between the Dutch Republic, and the joined forces of England and France.<ref name=CBH1672>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=191–192|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref> * [[June 12]] – [[Battle of Tolhuis]]: French forces under King [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] cross the [[Rhine]] into the Netherlands; the city of [[Utrecht]] is occupied by the [[French Army]]. === July–September === * [[July 4]] – [[William III of England|William III of Orange]] is appointed [[Stadtholder]] of [[Holland]] and [[Zeeland]]. * [[August 20]] – [[Johan de Witt]], [[Grand Pensionary]] of [[Holland]] and his brother [[Cornelis de Witt]] are killed by an Orangist mob in [[The Hague]]. * [[September 10]] – [[William III of Orange]], Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, dismisses nine of the [[regenten]] who lead cities in the Netherlands, after being granted authority by the States-General. * [[September 15]] – In India, Admiral [[Mai Nayak Bhandari]] of the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]] captures the island of [[Khanderi]]. * [[September 16]] – The [[President of the Board of Trade#History|Board of Trade]] is created in England by a merger of the Council of Trade and the Council of Foreign Plantations, both of which had been created by King Charles II in 1660, under the name The Board of Trade and Plantations. The [[Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury|Earl of Shaftesbury]] is appointed as the first Lord of Trade, administering the Board until its dissolution in 1676. * [[September 26]] – General [[Raimondo Montecuccoli]], commander of the army of the [[Holy Roman Empire]], joins forces with the Brandenburg troops commanded by [[Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg]] and the two groups assemble at [[Halberstadt]], to attack the French and the bishops of [[Münster]] and [[Cologne]].<ref>Olaf van Nimwegen, ''The Dutch Army and the Military Revolutions, 1588-1688'' (Boydell Press, 2010) p. 448</ref> === October–December === * [[October 2]] – [[Manuel de Cendoya]], [[Habsburg Spain|Spain]]'s Governor of Florida, breaks ground for the construction of the [[Castillo de San Marcos]], a masonry fortress designed to protect [[St. Augustine, Florida|St. Augustine]].<ref>Albert C. Manucy, ''The Building of Castello de San Marcos'' (U.S. National Park Service, 2014)</ref> Governor Cendoya follows on November 9 with the ceremonial laying for the first stone for the foundation. * [[October 18]] – The [[Treaty of Buchach]], between the [[Ottoman Empire]] and the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]], is signed. * [[November 24]] – Five-year-old [[Sikandar Adil Shah]] is enthroned as the last [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Sultan of Bijapur]] (located in southwestern India in what is now the [[Karnataka]] state) upon the death of his father, the Sultan [[Ali Adil Shah II]]. In 1686, the sultanate of Bijapur is conquered and annexed by the Mughal Empire. * [[November 28]] – After more than five years of administration of the Treasury of England by a five-member commission, [[Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh|Lord Clifford of Chudleigh]], one of the commission members, becomes the [[List of Lord High Treasurers of England and Great Britain#1660–1689|Lord High Treasurer of England]]. * [[December 18]] **[[Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp]] ends her regency of the Swedish Empire after more than 12 years, having exercised power in the name of her minor son, [[Charles XI of Sweden|Charles XI]], since the death of her husband [[Charles X Gustav of Sweden|Karl X Gustav]] in 1660. Hedwig Eleonora had served as the chair of the six-member Regency Council. **An English invasion force captures the Caribbean island of [[Tobago]] from Dutch colonists and destroys the settlement. * [[December 23]] – French astronomer [[Giovanni Domenico Cassini]] discovers [[Rhea (moon)|Rhea]], a previously-unknown satellite of the planet [[Saturn]]. Rhea is the second-largest overall, and the third [[Moons of Saturn|moon of Saturn]] to be discovered by Earth astronomers, Titan having been found by [[Christiaan Huygens]] on March 25, 1655 and [[Iapetus (moon)|Iapetus]] by Cassini on October 25, 1671. * [[December 30]] – Troops of the Dutch Republic, under the command of [[Carl von Rabenhaupt]], are able to reclaim lost territory for the first time in the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]], liberating [[Coevorden]], which had been forced to surrender to France on July 1. The moment, a boost for morale in what is remembered in Dutch history as the ''[[Rampjaar]]'' (the "Disaster Year"), is later memorialized in a painting by [[Pieter Wouwerman]], ''The Storming of Coevorden''. === Undated === * [[Richard Hoare (banker)|Richard Hoare]] becomes a partner in the [[London]] [[goldsmith]]'s business which, as [[Private bank|private banking house]] [[C. Hoare & Co]]., will survive through to the 21st century.<ref>{{cite book|first=Victoria|last=Hutchings|title=Messrs Hoare, Bankers: a History of the Hoare Banking Dynasty|year=2005}}</ref> * Foundation of the [[Chorina Comedy]], the first theater in Russia.</onlyinclude> == Births == [[File:Peter der-Grosse 1838.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Peter I of Russia]]]] * [[January 4]] – [[Hugh Boulter]], Irish Archbishop of Armagh (d. [[1742]]) * [[January 18]] – [[Antoine Houdar de la Motte]], French writer (d. [[1731]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=St James Press|author2=Anthony Levi|author3=Retired Professor of French Anthony Levi|title=Guide to French Literature: Beginnings to 1789|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oqkRAQAAMAAJ|year=1992|publisher=St. James Press|isbn=978-1-55862-159-6}}</ref> * [[February 13]] – [[Étienne François Geoffroy]], French chemist (d. [[1731]]) * [[February 26]] – [[Antoine Augustine Calmet]], French theologian (d. [[1757]]) * [[May 1]] – [[Joseph Addison]], English politician and writer (d. [[1719]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Joseph Addison|title=Addison's Spectator|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s_8yAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA306|year=1858|publisher=Derby & Jackson|pages=306}}</ref> * [[June 9]] – Emperor [[Peter I of Russia]] (d. [[1725]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Stanley Sandler|title=Ground Warfare: An International Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L_xxOM85bD8C&pg=PA676|year=2002|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-344-5|pages=676}}</ref> * [[June 11]] – [[Francesco Antonio Bonporti]], Italian priest and composer (d. [[1749]]) * [[July 13]] – [[Nicolás Salzillo]], Spanish artist (d. [[1727]]) * [[August 2]] – [[Johann Jakob Scheuchzer]], Swiss scholar (d. [[1733]]) * [[September 8]] – [[Nicolas de Grigny]], French organist and composer (d. [[1703]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Harry W. Gay|title=Four French Organist-composers, 1549-1720|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=32NHAQAAIAAJ|year=1975|publisher=Memphis State University Press|isbn=978-0-87870-022-6|page=70}}</ref> * [[October 11]] – [[Pylyp Orlyk]], Ukrainian Zaporozhian Cossack [[starshina]], diplomat (d. 1742) * [[October 21]] – [[Ludovico Antonio Muratori]], Italian historian, scholar (d. [[1750]]) * [[October 27]] – [[Maria Gustava Gyllenstierna]], Swedish writer (d. [[1737]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.skbl.se/sv/artikel/MariaGustavaGyllenstierna|title=Maria Gustava Gyllenstierna|website=Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexikon|date=8 March 2018|author=Valborg Lindgärde|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref> * ''date unknown'' ** [[Ann Baynard]], English natural philosopher (d. [[1697]]) ** [[José Antonio Nebra Mezquita]], Spanish organist and harpist (d. [[1748]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Los compositores aragoneses|url=https://www.fundacioncai.es/portal2006Files/UserFiles/File2/61.%20COMPOSITORES%20ARAGONESES.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.fundacioncai.es/portal2006Files/UserFiles/File2/61.%20COMPOSITORES%20ARAGONESES.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|last=Palacios|first=José Ignacio|publisher=Caja de Ahorros de la Inmaculada de Aragón|location=Zaragoza|pages=61–62|language=es|year=2000|access-date=2021-07-11|isbn=84-95306-41-7}}</ref> == Deaths == [[File:Adriaen Hanneman 001.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[Johan de Witt]]]] [[File:Annebradstreet.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Anne Bradstreet]]]] * [[January]] – [[Denis Gaultier]], French lutenist and composer (b. [[1603]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.arkivmusic.com/composers/gaultier-denis-24293#taboverview|title=Denis Gaultier|website=ArkivMusic|access-date=April 2, 2021}}</ref> * [[January 15]] – [[John Cosin]], English clergyman (b. [[1594]]) * [[January 21]] – [[Adriaen van de Velde]], Dutch painter (b. [[1636]]) * [[January 28]] – [[Pierre Séguier]], Chancellor of France (b. [[1588]]) * [[February 17]] – [[Madeleine Béjart]], French actress and theatre director (b. [[1618]]) * [[February 19]] – [[Charles Chauncy]], English-born president of Harvard College (b. [[1592]]) * [[February 28]] ** [[Christian, Duke of Brieg]], Duke of Legnica (1663–1672) and Brieg (1664–1672) (b. [[1618]]) ** [[Sir Ralph Hare, 1st Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1623]]) * [[March]] – [[Archibald Armstrong]], court jester to [[James I of England]] and [[Charles I of England]] * [[March 4]] – [[Luis Guillermo de Moncada, 7th Duke of Montalto]], Spanish Catholic cardinal (b. [[1614]]) * [[March 8]] – [[Thomas Tyrrell]], English judge and politician (b. [[1594]]) * [[March 18]] – [[Agneta Horn]], Swedish writer (b. [[1629]]) * [[April 2]] ** [[Pedro Calungsod]], Filipino saint (b. [[1654]]) ** [[Diego Luis de San Vitores]], Spanish Jesuit missionary to Guam (b. [[1627]]) * [[April 4]] – [[Henry Ernest, Count of Stolberg]] (b. [[1593]]) * [[April 13]] – [[Marguerite of Lorraine]], princess of Lorraine, duchess of Orléans (b. [[1615]]) * [[April 14]] ** [[Friedrich Wilhelm III, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg]] (b. [[1657]]) ** King [[Pye Min]] of Burma (b. [[1619]]) * [[April 17]] – [[Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska]], Polish noble (b. [[1623]]) * [[April 21]] – [[Antoine Godeau]], French bishop and poet (b. [[1605]]) * [[April 22]] – [[Georg Stiernhielm]], Swedish poet (b. [[1598]]) * [[April 26]] – [[Lionel Lockyer]], English alchemist, quack doctor (b. [[1600]]) * [[April 30]] – [[Marie of the Incarnation (Ursuline)|Marie of the Incarnation]], French foundress of the Ursuline Monastery in Quebec (b. [[1599]]) * [[May 5]] – [[Samuel Cooper (painter)|Samuel Cooper]], English painter (b. [[1609]]) * [[May 8]] – [[M. de Tréville|Jean-Armand du Peyrer]], Comte de Tréville and French Officer (b. [[1598]]) * [[May 11]] – [[Charles Seton, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline]], English royalist (b. [[1615]]) * [[May 28]] ** [[Frescheville Holles]], English Member of Parliament (b. [[1642]]) ** [[Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich]] (b. [[1625]]) ** [[John Trevor (1626–1672)|John Trevor]], Welsh politician (b. [[1626]]) * [[June 7]] – [[Willem Joseph van Ghent]], Dutch admiral (b. [[1626]]) * [[June 14]] – [[Matthew Wren (writer)|Matthew Wren]], English politician (b. [[1629]]) * [[June 17]] – [[Orazio Benevoli]], Italian composer (b. [[1605]]) * [[June 27]] – [[Roger Twysden]], English antiquarian and royalist (b. [[1597]]) * [[July 3]] – [[Francis Willughby]], English biologist (b. [[1635]]) * [[July 21]] – [[Captain John Underhill]], English settler and soldier (b. [[1597]]) * [[August 2]] – [[Amable de Bourzeys]], French writer and academic (b. [[1606]]) * [[August 8]] – [[Sir John Borlase, 1st Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1619]]) * [[August 20]] ** [[Johan de Witt]], Dutch politician (b. [[1625]]) ** [[Cornelis de Witt]], Dutch politician (b. [[1623]]) * [[September 9]] – [[François-Joseph Bressani]], Italian missionary (b. [[1612]]) * [[September 12]] – [[Tanneguy Lefebvre]], French classical scholar (b. [[1615]]) * [[September 14]] – [[Henri Charles de La Trémoille]], son of Henry de La Trémoille (b. [[1620]]) * [[September 16]] – [[Anne Bradstreet]], American colonial writer (b. c. [[1612]]) * [[October 8]] – [[Johan Nieuhof]], Dutch traveler who wrote about his journeys to Brazil (b. [[1618]]) * [[October 24]] – [[John Webb (architect)|John Webb]], English architect (b. [[1611]]) * [[November 4]] – [[Lucas van Uden]], Dutch painter (b. [[1595]]) * [[November 6]] – [[Heinrich Schütz]], German composer (b. [[1585]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Heinrich Schütz {{!}} German composer |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Heinrich-Schutz |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=23 August 2018 |language=en}}</ref> * [[November 16]] – [[Esaias Boursse]], Dutch painter (b. [[1631]]) * [[November 19]] ** [[Franciscus Sylvius]], Dutch physician and scientist (b. [[1614]]) ** [[John Wilkins]], English Bishop of Chester (b. [[1614]]) * [[December 6]] ** King [[John II Casimir of Poland]] (b. [[1609]])<ref>{{cite book|title=The Polish Review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1XBpAAAAMAAJ|year=2001|publisher=Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America|page=246}}</ref> ** [[Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro, 10th Count of Lemos]], Viceroy of Peru (b. [[1632]]) * [[December 7]] – [[Richard Bellingham]], Massachusetts colonial magistrate (b. [[1592]]) * [[December 8]] – [[Johann Christian von Boyneburg]], German politician (b. [[1622]]) * [[December 19]] – [[Dorothea Diana of Salm]], German noblewoman (b. [[1604]]) * [[December 21]] – [[Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby]], English noble (b. [[1628]]) * [[December 27]] – [[Jacques Rohault]], French philosopher (b. [[1618]])<ref>{{Cite book | last = Copleston | first = Frederick Charles | author-link = Frederick Copleston | title = A history of philosophy, Volume 4 | publisher = Continuum International | year = 2003 | page = 174 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtDGtgARkzMC&pg=PA174| isbn = 978-0-8264-6898-7}}</ref> * [[December 30]] – [[Hendrick Bloemaert]], Dutch painter (b. [[1601]]) == References == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:1672}} [[Category:1672| ]] [[Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar]]
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