Editing 1678

{{About year|1678}}
{{Year nav|1678}}
{{Year article header|1678}}
[[File:1678 Slag bij St. Denis - Romeyn de Hooghe.jpg|thumb|300px|right|[[August 14]]&ndash;[[August 15|15]]: The [[Battle of Saint-Denis (1678)|Battle of Saint-Denis]] is fought]]
{{C17 year in topic}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 10]] &ndash; England and the Dutch Republic sign a mutual defense treaty in order to fight against France.
* [[January 27]] &ndash; The first [[fire engine]] company in [[North America]] goes into service in [[Boston]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Cannon|first=Donald J.|title=The Chronicle of Early American Industries |date=1944 |publisher=Early American Industries Association |page=80 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dYaP8OqlTs4C&q=1678 |access-date=11 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[February 18]] &ndash; The first part of English [[Nonconformist (Protestantism)|nonconformist]] preacher [[John Bunyan]]'s [[Christianity|Christian]] [[allegory]] ''[[The Pilgrim's Progress]]'' is published in London.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Bookworm: An Illustrated Treasury of Old-time Literature |date=1888 |publisher=Harvard University |page=90 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QxsDAAAAYAAJ |access-date=11 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Thomas Shadwell]]'s comedy ''[[A True Widow]]'' is given its first performance, at [[Dorset Garden Theatre|The Duke's Theatre]] in London, staged by the [[Duke's Company]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dryden |first1=John |title=The Poetical Works of John Dryden: Edited with a Memoir, Revised Text, and Notes |date=1893 |publisher=Macmillan and Company |page=437 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rCMRAAAAYAAJ&dq=A+True+Widow+march+21+1678+dorset+garden+theatre&pg=PA437 |access-date=11 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Revolt of the Three Feudatories]] in [[southern China]]: rebel general [[Wu Sangui]], lord of the [[Yunnan]] fief, takes the imperial crown, names himself monarch of "The Great Zhou", based in the [[Hunan]] province, with [[Hengyang]] as his capital. He contracts dysentery over the summer and dies on October 2, ending the rebellion against the [[Kangxi Emperor]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Romantics, Stoics and Martyrs|first=Frederic|last=Wakeman|journal=Journal of Asian Studies|date=August 1984|pages=631–665|doi=10.2307/2057148 |jstor=2057148 }} Repr. in ''Telling Chinese History: A Selection of Essays''. University of California Press, 2009. p. 123.</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Atwill|first=David G.|title=The Chinese Sultanate: Islam, Ethnicity, and the Panthay Rebellion in Southwest China, 1856-1873|year=2005|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-5159-9|page=48|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Da2M_viEclEC&q=1678&pg=PP17|access-date=2023-03-13}}</ref>
* [[March 25]] &ndash; The [[Spanish Netherlands]] city of [[Ypres]] falls after [[Siege of Ypres (1678)|a seven-day siege]] by the French Army. It is later returned to the Netherlands and eventually becomes part of [[Belgium]].
* [[March 28]] &ndash; The [[nova]] [[V529 Orionis]] is discovered by Polish astronomer [[Johannes Hevelius]] (Jan Heweliusz).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidtobreick |first1=L. |last2=Tappert |first2=C. |last3=Bianchini |first3=A. |last4=Mennickent |first4=R. E. |title=Spectroscopic analysis of tremendous-outburst-nova candidates |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |date=27 October 2004 |volume=432 |pages=199–205 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20041371 |s2cid=18168602 |url=https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full/2005/10/aa1371/aa1371.html |access-date=11 March 2023|doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0411198 }}</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 2]] &ndash; [[Ignatius Gregory Peter VI Shahbaddin]] is enthroned as the Patriarch of the [[Syriac Catholic Church]] in [[Aleppo]], after receiving recognition by Ottoman Sultan [[Mehmed IV]] and by [[Pope Innocent XI]].
* [[April 12]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Casco (1678)|Treaty of Casco Bay]] is signed between officials of the [[Province of New York]] and the [[Penobscot]] tribe and the [[Wabanaki Confederacy]], bringing an end to further fighting that has happened in the two years since the end of [[King Philip's War]] in the modern-day U.S. state of [[Maine]]. Under the terms of the treaty, English settlers pay rent to the Penobscots and are given back farm land that had been confiscated in the war, while the English settlers agree to respect the Penobscot land rights.<ref>"Casco, Treaty of", by Jaime Ramon Olivares, in ''The Encyclopedia of North American Indian Wars, 1607–1890: A Political, Social, and Military History'', ed. by Spencer Tucker (ABC-CLIO, 2011) p. 134</ref> 
* [[May 11]] &ndash; French admiral [[Jean II d'Estrées|Jean d'Estrees]] runs his whole fleet aground in either the [[Las Aves Archipelago]] or [[Isla de Aves]], intending to reach [[Curaçao]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schotte |first1=Margaret E. |title=Sailing School: Navigating Science and Skill, 1550-1800 |date=30 July 2019 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-2954-0 |page=85 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=umigDwAAQBAJ&dq=jean+d%27estrees+%22may+11+1678%22&pg=PA85 |access-date=12 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[June 10]] &ndash; French [[buccaneer]] [[Michel de Grammont]] arrives at Spanish-held [[Venezuela]] with six pirate ships, 13 smaller craft, and 2,000 men in a daring raid on the South American territory, then leads half of his force inward toward [[Maracaibo]], which he takes on June 14. During the rest of the month, he and his soldiers march inland as far as [[Trujillo, Trujillo|Trujillo]]. Grammont and his pirates finally depart on December 3.<ref>David Marley, ''Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere'' (ABC-CLIO, 2008) p. 289</ref>
* [[June 25]] &ndash; [[Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia]] becomes the first woman to be awarded a university degree, a doctorate in philosophy from the [[University of Padua]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Grendler |first1=Paul F. |title=The Universities of the Italian Renaissance |date=3 November 2004 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM |isbn=978-1-4214-0423-3 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UcmTz4j-XIIC&dq=Elena+Cornaro+Piscopia+25+june+1678+doctor+of+philosophy&pg=PT46 |chapter=Padua after 1509|access-date=12 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 23]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Ortenbach]], one of the last major engagements of the [[Franco-Dutch War]], takes place near [[Offenburg]] at the [[Rhine]] river in southwestern Germany, as French forces under the command of [[François de Créquy]] overwhelm a larger force of [[Holy Roman Empire]] troops commanded by the [[Duke of Lorraine]], [[Charles V, Duke of Lorraine|Karl V Leopold]].
* [[July 29]] &ndash; [[Muhammad Azam Shah]] is appointed as the Mughal Governor of Bengal by his father, the Emperor [[Aurangzeb]], but serves for a little more than a year before being recalled from [[Dhaka]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Banerji |first1=Amiya Kumar |title=West Bengal District Gazetteers: Hooghly |date=1972 |publisher=West Bengal District Gazetteers |page=122 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.08795/page/122/mode/2up?q=1678 |access-date=12 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[August 10]] &ndash; The [[Treaties of Nijmegen]] end the [[Franco-Dutch War]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nolan |first1=Cathal J. |title=Wars of the Age of Louis XIV, 1650-1715: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization|date=30 July 2008 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-35920-0 |page=319 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nn_61ts-hQwC&dq=%22august+10+1678%22+treaties+of+nijmegen+end+franco-dutch+war&pg=PA319 |access-date=11 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref> The [[County of Burgundy]] is ceded to the [[Kingdom of France]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Horne |first1=Alistair |title=La Belle France: A Short History |date=2005 |publisher=Knopf |isbn=978-1-4000-4140-4 |page=164 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SZ7tAAAAMAAJ&q=franche |access-date=11 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 14]]&ndash;[[August 15|15]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Saint-Denis (1678)|Battle of Saint-Denis]] is fought after the signing of peace in the Franco-Dutch War.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goeth |first1=Aurora von |last2=Harper |first2=Jules |title=Louis XIV: The Real Sun King |date=30 June 2018 |publisher=Pen and Sword |isbn=978-1-5267-2640-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALTNDwAAQBAJ&q=Battle%20of%20Saint-Denis%20%2214-15%20august%201678%22 |chapter=The Dutch War|access-date=13 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[August 21]] &ndash; On the island of [[Java]] in modern-day Indonesia, the [[Kediri campaign (1678)|Kediri campaign]] begins as [[Mataram Sultanate]] and [[Dutch East India Company]] (VOC) forces under the command of VOC Captain [[François Tack]] begin marching from [[Jepara]] toward [[Kediri (city)|Kediri]] to suppress the [[Trunajaya rebellion]] that had driven out the Mataram Sultan. They are joined by two other columns of troops over the next fortnight.
* [[September 5]] &ndash; Sultan [[Amangkurat II]] of Mataram sets off from Jepara with the main force in the [[Kediri campaign (1678)|Kediri campaign]], leading native troops, along with VOC forces under the command of [[Anthonio Hurdt]], leader of the campaign.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ricklefs |first1=Merle Calvin |title=War, culture, and economy in Java, 1677-1726 : Asian and European imperialism in the early Kartasura period |date=1993 |publisher=Asian Studies Association of Australia |location=Sydney |isbn=978-1-86373-380-9 |page=50 |url=https://archive.org/details/warcultureeconom0000rick/page/50/mode/2up?q=september |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[September 6]] &ndash; [[Titus Oates]] begins to present allegations of the "[[Popish Plot]]", a supposed [[Roman Catholic]] conspiracy to assassinate king [[Charles II of England]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sommerville |first1=C. John |title=The News Revolution in England: Cultural Dynamics of Daily Information |date=5 September 1996 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-535549-9 |page=88 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KBNxkaov5GkC&dq=titus+oates+%226+september+1678%22+popish+plot&pg=PA88 |access-date=13 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Oates applies the term [[Toryism|Tory]] to those who disbelieve his allegations.
* [[September 17]] &ndash; The [[Franco-Dutch War]] between the [[Kingdom of France]] and the [[Dutch Republic]] (and its allies) comes to an end after more than six years as the [[Treaties of Nijmegen]] bring about a ceasefire.<ref>{{cite book|last=Edmundson|first=George|title=History of Holland|year=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-66089-2|page=265|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Rbk0AAAAQBAJ&q=%22september%2017%201678%22|access-date=2023-03-13|language=en}}</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 17]] &ndash; English magistrate Sir [[Edmund Berry Godfrey]] is found murdered in [[Primrose Hill]], [[London]].<ref name="GF">{{cite book |last1=Lang |first1=Andrew |title=The Valet's Tragedy: And Other Studies |date=1903 |publisher=Longmans, Green, and Company |isbn=978-0-404-03865-6 |pages=55–56 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgHHAAAAMAAJ&dq=Edmund+Berry+Godfrey+%22october+17+1678%22&pg=RA1-PA55 |access-date=13 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref> His death is seen as proof of the "[[Popish Plot]]" to the public.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kenyon |first1=J. P. (John Philipps) |title=The Popish Plot |date=1972 |publisher=London, Heinemann |isbn=978-0-434-38850-9 |pages=77–78 |url=https://archive.org/details/popishplot0000keny/page/76/mode/2up?q=encourage |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[November 11]] (November 1 O.S.) &ndash; England's House of Commons votes to begin impeachment proceedings against five Roman Catholic members of the House of Lords, [[William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford|Viscount Stafford]], the [[William Herbert, 1st Marquess of Powis|Marquess of Powis]], [[Henry Arundell, 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour|Baron Arundell]], [[William Petre, 4th Baron Petre|Baron Petre]] and [[John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse|Baron Belasyse]] accused by Protestant members as participating in a "[[Popish Plot]]". Viscount Stafford is convicted and executed, while the other four are imprisoned in the [[Tower of London]] for more than five years.
* [[November 25]] &ndash; The [[Kediri campaign (1678)|Kediri campaign]] is successfully concluded in Indonesia as [[Anthonio Hurdt]] and Sultan [[Amangkurat II]] capture Kediri and force the rebel Prince Trunajaya to flee.  
* [[November 26]] &ndash; William Staley, an English banker and a Roman Catholic, becomes the first person to be executed in connection with the "[[Popish Plot]]" arrests.<ref>{{cite book |title=New Catholic World |date=1920 |publisher=Paulist Press |page=313 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JzU7AQAAMAAJ&dq=william+staley+%22november+26+1678%22&pg=PA313 |access-date=13 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Foley |first1=Henry |title=Records of the English province of the Society of Jesus ... in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries |date=1875 |page=95 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o_8UAAAAQAAJ&dq=william+staley+%22november+26+1678%22&pg=PA95 |access-date=13 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 1]] &ndash; The [[Test Act#1678 Act|Test Act]] provides that members of both the [[House of Lords]] and [[House of Commons of England]] must swear an [[Anti-Catholicism|anti-Catholic]] oath, before taking office.<ref>{{cite web |title=Charles II, 1678: (Stat. 2.) An Act for the more effectuall preserving the Kings Person and Government by disableing Papists from sitting in either House of Parlyament. |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol5/pp894-896|quote=That from and after the First Day of December which shall be in the yeare of our Lord God One thousand six hundred seaventy and eight |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* About 1,200 Irish families sail from [[Barbados]] to [[Virginia]] and the [[Province of Carolina|Carolinas]].
* In [[Ireland]], the vacant [[Bishop of Leighlin|Bishopric of Leighlin]] is given to the [[Bishop of Kildare]] in commendam; it will later be formed into the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Archdioceses and dioceses of Ireland |date=2000 |publisher=Veritas |location=Dublin |isbn=978-1-85390-580-3 |page=78 |url=https://archive.org/details/archdiocesesdioc0000unse/page/78/mode/2up?q=1678 |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
[[File:Vivaldi.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Antonio Vivaldi]]]]
[[File:Amaro Pargo.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Amaro Pargo]]]]
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Antonio Vivaldi]], Italian composer (d. [[1741]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kolneder |first1=Walter |title=Antonio Vivaldi: His Life and Work |date=1970 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-01629-3 |pages=1, 7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oeQ0HIuQw5YC&dq=%22march+4+1678%22+Antonio+Vivaldi&pg=PA8 |access-date=14 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 7]] &ndash; [[Filippo Juvarra]], Italian architect (d. [[1736]])
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Abraham Darby I]], one of the English fathers of the Industrial Revolution (d. [[1717]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=III |first1=Kenneth E. Hendrickson |title=The Encyclopedia of the Industrial Revolution in World History |date=25 November 2014 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0-8108-8888-3 |pages=238–240 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EdwsCgAAQBAJ |access-date=14 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Amaro Pargo]], Spanish corsair (d. [[1747]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Breverton |first1=Terry |title=A Gross of Pirates: From Alfhild the Shield Maiden to Afweyne the Big Mouth |date=15 December 2018 |publisher=Amberley Publishing Limited |isbn=978-1-4456-8293-8 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLCIDwAAQBAJ&dq=amaro+Pargo+%223+may+1678%22&pg=PT243 |chapter=Amaro Rodríguez-Felipe y Tejera Machado|access-date=14 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[May 16]] &ndash;  [[Andreas Silbermann]], German organ builder (d. [[1734]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Randel |first1=Don Michael |title=The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music |date=1996 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-37299-3 |page=838 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jEGpMqRcQjIC&dq=Andreas+Silbermann+16+may+1678&pg=PA838 |access-date=14 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor]] (d. [[1711]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Weaver |first1=Andrew |title=A Companion to Music at the Habsburg Courts in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |date=25 September 2020 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-43503-2 |page=202 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5_P_DwAAQBAJ&q=1678 |access-date=14 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 16]] &ndash; [[Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke]], English statesman and philosopher (d. [[1751]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barrell |first1=Rex A. |title=Bolingbroke and France |date=1988 |publisher=University Press of America |isbn=978-0-8191-7127-6 |page=3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfW0-syKxkMC&q=16+september&pg=PP11 |access-date=14 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[Adrien-Maurice, 3rd duc de Noailles]], French soldier (d. [[1766]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Oettinger |first1=Eduard Maria |title=Moniteur des dates: contenant un million de renseignements biographiques, généalogiques et historiques. Méan - R. 4 |date=1867 |publisher=Oettinger |page=64 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pm9OAAAAcAAJ&dq=Adrien+Maurice+de+Noailles+%2229+september+1678%22&pg=PA64 |access-date=14 March 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll]], Scottish soldier (d. [[1743]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Keltie |first1=Sir John Scott |title=A History of the Scottish Highlands, Highland Clans and Highland Regiments |date=1875 |publisher=Fullarton |page=183 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C1gJAAAAIAAJ&dq=John+Campbell,+2nd+Duke+of+Argyll+%22october+10+1678%22&pg=RA2-PA185-IA8 |access-date=14 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[Anna Waser]], Swiss painter (d. [[1714]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Anna Waser |url=https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/82948 |website=rkd.nl |access-date=15 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Jean Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan]], French geophysicist (d. [[1771]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Heller |first1=Ágost |title=Geschichte der Physik von Aristoteles bis auf die neueste Ziet |date=1882 |publisher=F. Enke |page=454 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1z0AAAAAQAAJ&dq=%2226+november+1678%22+Jean-Jacques+d%27Ortous+de+Mairan&pg=RA2-PA454 |access-date=15 March 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Horatio Walpole, 1st Baron Walpole of Wolterton]], English diplomat (d. [[1757]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Coxe |first1=William |title=Memoirs of Horatio Lord Walpole Selected from His Correspondence and Papers (etc.) |date=1802 |publisher=Wilson |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Al9nAAAAcAAJ&q=1678 |access-date=15 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Yongzheng Emperor]] of China (d. [[1735]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hong Lee |first1=Lily Xiao |last2=Stefanowska |first2=A.D. |last3=Wing-chung Ho |first3=Clara |title=Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women - The Qing Period (1644-1911) |date=1998 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |isbn=978-0-7656-1827-6 |page=349 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uwPWtJ5WSQMC&dq=%2213+december+1678%22+Yongzheng+Emperor&pg=PA349 |access-date=15 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Daniel Neal]], English historian (d. [[1743]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Encyclopedia Britannica |date=1 March 1911 |publisher=The Encyclopedia Britannica Company |page=320 |url=https://archive.org/details/vol19/page/n335/mode/2up |volume=19|access-date=15 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[William Croft]], English composer (d. [[1727]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Highfill |first1=Philip H. |last2=Burnim |first2=Kalman A. |last3=Langhans |first3=Edward A. |title=A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800 |date=1975 |publisher=SIU Press |isbn=978-0-8093-0693-0 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N5HgNEf-oSYC&dq=%2230+december+1678%22+william+croft&pg=PA50 |access-date=15 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''date unknown'' 
** [[George Farquhar]], Irish dramatist (d. [[1707]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=George Farquhar |first1=Louis A. Strauss |title=A Discourse Upon Comedy: The Recruiting Officer and The Beaux Stratagem |date=1914 |publisher=D. C. Heath & co. |page=1 |url=https://archive.org/details/adiscourseuponc00stragoog/page/n12/mode/2up?q=1678 |access-date=15 March 2023 |language=English}}</ref>
** [[Joachim Ludwig Schultheiss von Unfriedt]], German architect (d. [[1753]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Heckmann |first1=Hermann |title=Baumeister des Barock und Rokoko in Brandenburg-Preussen |date=1998 |publisher=Verlag für Bauwesen |isbn=978-3-345-00631-9 |page=251 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pXFIAQAAIAAJ&q=Joachim+Ludwig+Schultheiss+von+Unfriedt+%221678%22 |access-date=15 March 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
** [[John Senex]], British geographer (d. 1740)<ref name="WDL">{{cite web |url = http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11745/ |title = The Historical Theater in the Year 400 AD, in Which Both Romans and Barbarians Resided Side by Side in the Eastern Part of the Roman Empire |website = [[World Digital Library]] |year = 1725 |access-date = 2013-07-27 }}</ref>
** [[Maria Faxell]], Swedish vicar's wife and war heroine (d. [[1738]]),<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gabriel |first1=Gabriel Anrep |title=Svenska adelns ättar-taflor utgifna: Abrahamsson-Graufelt |date=1858 |publisher=P. A. Norstedt & Son̈er |page=494 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YvAnAQAAMAAJ&dq=Maria+Faxell+%221678%22&pg=PA494 |access-date=15 March 2023 |language=sv}}</ref>
** [[Pierre Fauchard]], French physician and author, considered ''The father of modern dentistry'' (d. [[1761]])<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lynch |first1=C. D. |last2=O'Sullivan |first2=V. R. |last3=McGillycuddy |first3=C. T. |title=Pierre Fauchard: the 'Father of Modern Dentistry' |journal=British Dental Journal |date=December 2006 |volume=201 |issue=12 |pages=779–781 |doi=10.1038/sj.bdj.4814350 |pmid=17183395 |s2cid=8945406 |language=en |issn=1476-5373|doi-access=free }}</ref>
** [[Thomas Micklethwaite]], [[Lord Commissioner of the Treasury]] (d. 1718)<ref name="histparl">{{cite web|url=http://www.histparl.ac.uk/volume/1715-1754/member/micklethwait-thomas-1678-1718|title=MICKLETHWAIT, Thomas (1678-1718), of Swine, nr. Hull, Yorks. {{pipe}} History of Parliament Online|author=A. N. Newman|accessdate=August 22, 2023|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822154435/http://www.histparl.ac.uk/volume/1715-1754/member/micklethwait-thomas-1678-1718|archivedate=August 22, 2023}}</ref>

== Deaths ==
[[File:Samuel van Hoogstraten - Zelfportret.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten]]]]
[[File:Portrait of Andries de Graeff – Rembrandt.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[Andries de Graeff]]]]
* [[January 4]] &ndash; [[Joan Maetsuycker]], Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. [[1606]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië |date=1840 |publisher=Ter Lands-drukkerij |page=126 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IMAaAQAAMAAJ&dq=Chronologische+geschiedenis+van+Batavia&pg=PA126 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Ferrante III Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla]], Italian noble (b. [[1618]])<ref>{{cite web |title=GONZAGA: DUCHI DI GUASTALLA |url=http://www.genmarenostrum.com/pagine-lettere/letterag/gonzaga/gonzaga3.htm |website=www.genmarenostrum.com |language=it|access-date=16 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Robert Ellison (politician)|Robert Ellison]], English politician (b. [[1614]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hodgson-Hinde |first1=John |title=A History of Northumberland, in Three Parts |date=1840 |publisher=E. Walker |page=347 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D1IGAAAAQAAJ&q=1678 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[January 23]]  &ndash; Sir [[William Curtius]] FRS, German magistrate and English baronet (b. [[1599]])<ref>{{cite book |title=List of Fellows of the Royal Society 1660-1998: A Complete Listing |date=1999 |publisher=Royal Society |page=89 |url=https://personal.utdallas.edu/~mxv091000/images/royal-society/Fellows1660-2007.pdf |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[January 27]] &ndash; [[Maria Overlander van Purmerland]], Dutch noble (b. [[1603]])<ref>{{cite book |title=De Nederlandsche leeuw: Maandblad van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Genootschap voor Geslacht- en Wapenkunde |date=1895 |publisher=Koniklijk Nederlandsch Genootschap voor Geslacht- en Wapenkunde |page=136 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CpMSAAAAYAAJ&dq=Maria+Overlander+van+Purmerland+27+january+1678&pg=RA5-PA135 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[January 29]] &ndash; [[Jeronimo Lobo]], Portuguese Jesuit missionary (b. [[1593]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bohlander |first1=Richard E. |title=World Explorers and Discoverers |date=1992 |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=978-0-02-897445-3 |page=287 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DEUUAQAAIAAJ&q=January%2029,%201678 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[Sir Philip Musgrave, 2nd Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1607]])<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Musgrave, Sir Philip, second baronet (1607–1678), royalist army officer and local politician |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-19662 | year=2004 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/19662}}</ref>
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[Daniel Clasen]], German academic (b. [[1622]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Friedrich |first1=Jugler Johann |title=Beyträge zur juristischen Biographie, oder genauere litterarische und critische Nachrichten von dem Leben und den Schriften verstorbener Rechtsgelehrten auch Staatsmänner, welche sich in Europa berühmt gemacht haben |date=1773 |publisher=Heinsius |page=158 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=svhPAAAAcAAJ&dq=Daniel+Clasen+%2220+november+1678%22&pg=RA1-PA158 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[March 3]] &ndash; [[Philip Bell (governor)|Philip Bell]], British colonial governor (b. [[1590]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Howard |first1=Joseph J. |last2=Crisp |first2=Frederick A. |title=Visitation of England and Wales Notes: Volume 5 1903 |date=August 1997 |publisher=Heritage Books |isbn=978-0-7884-0702-4 |page=109 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8L4JB9GzSokC&pg=PA108 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 10]] &ndash; [[Jean de Launoy]], French historian (b. [[1603]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bautz |first1=Friedrich Wilhelm |title=Biographisch-bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon |date=1970 |publisher=Hamm : Bautz |isbn=978-3-88309-040-5 |page=1241 |url=https://archive.org/details/biographischbibl0004baut/page/n663/mode/2up?q=launoy |language=de|access-date=17 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[March 27]] &ndash; [[Juan de Leyva de la Cerda, conde de Baños]], Spanish noble (b. [[1604]])
* [[April 12]] &ndash; [[Mary Rich, Countess of Warwick]], 7th daughter of Richard Boyle (b. [[1625]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Warwick |first1=Frances Evelyn Maynard Greville Countess of |title=Warwick Castle and Its Earls: From Saxon Times to the Present Day |date=1903 |publisher=Hutchinson & Company |page=844 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mj4aVl2OdSAC&dq=Mary+Rich,+Countess+of+Warwick+%2212+april+1678%22&pg=PA844 |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[April 23]] &ndash; [[Walter Aston, 2nd Lord Aston of Forfar]], second and eldest surviving son of Walter Aston (b. [[1609]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cokayne |first1=George E. |title=Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct Or Dormant |date=1887 |publisher=G. Bell & Sons |page=158 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=27EKAAAAYAAJ&dq=Walter+Aston,+2nd+Lord+Aston+of+Forfar+%2223+april+1678%22&pg=PA168 |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[April 24]] &ndash; [[Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt]] (1661–1678) (b. [[1630]])
* [[April 27]] &ndash; [[Nicolas Roland]], French priest and founder (b. [[1642]])
* [[May 2]] &ndash; [[Willem Nieupoort]], Dutch politician, and diplomat (b. [[1607]])<ref>{{cite web |title=[Mr. Willem Nieupoort], Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden. Deel 13, A.J. van der Aa |url=https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/aa__001biog16_01/aa__001biog16_01_0383.php |website=DBNL |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Jena]], German noble (b. [[1638]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Zenker |first1=Jonathan Carl |title=Historisch-topographisches Taschenbuch von Jena und seiner Umgebung : besonders in naturwissenschaftlicher u. medicinischer Beziehung : mit dem Plane von Jena und einem geognostischen Profile |date=1836 |publisher=Jena : Frommann |page=16 |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_vJEAAAAAcAAJ/page/n29/mode/2up?q=1678 |language=de|access-date=17 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[May 4]] or [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Anna Maria van Schurman]], Dutch poet and scholar (b. [[1607]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Larsen |first1=Anne R. |title=Anna Maria van Schurman, 'The Star of Utrecht': The Educational Vision and Reception of a Savante |date=14 April 2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-18070-8 |page=67 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wED7CwAAQBAJ&dq=Anna+Maria+van+Schurman+%224+may+1678%22&pg=PA67 |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[May 16]] &ndash; [[Tamura Muneyoshi]], Japanese daimyō of the Iwanuma Domain (b. [[1637]])
* [[May 18]] &ndash; [[Miyamoto Iori]], Japanese samurai (b. [[1612]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Musashi's Children |url=http://www.miyamotomusashi.eu/clan/musashis-children.html |website=www.miyamotomusashi.eu |access-date=17 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[June 2]] &ndash; [[Pieter de Groot]], Dutch diplomat (b. [[1615]])
* [[June 17]] &ndash; [[Giacomo Torelli]], Italian stage designer, engineer, and architect (b. [[1608]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bjurström |first1=Per |title=Giacomo Torelli and Baroque Stage Design |date=1961 |publisher=Nationalmuseum |page=214 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-S4LAQAAIAAJ&q=1678 |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[June 19]] &ndash; [[Benedict Arnold (governor)|Benedict Arnold]], Rhode Island colonial governor (b. [[1615]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bicknell |first1=Thomas Williams |title=The History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations |date=1920 |publisher=American Historical Society |page=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JRQZAAAAYAAJ&dq=Benedict+Arnold+%22june+19+1678%22&pg=PA1023 |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[Charles de Lorme]], French physician (b. [[1584]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Delorme, Charles (1584-1678) |url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb167212530 |via=BnF Catalogue |access-date=18 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Juan García de Zéspedes]], Mexican musician and composer (b. [[1619]])
* [[August 16]] &ndash; [[Andrew Marvell]], English writer (b. [[1621]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wilcher |first1=R. |title=Andrew Marvell |date=18 April 1985 |publisher=CUP Archive |isbn=978-0-521-27722-8 |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R9A8AAAAIAAJ&dq=Andrew+Marvell+%2216+august+1678%22&pg=PA1 |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 17]] &ndash; [[Guillaume Herincx]], Flemish theologian, Bishop of Ypres (b. [[1621]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Herbermann |first1=Charles George |title=The Catholic encyclopedia; an international work of reference on the constitution, doctrine, discipline, and history of the Catholic Church |date=1907 |publisher=New York, The Encyclopedia Press |page=265 |url=https://archive.org/details/catholicencyclop07herbuoft/page/264/mode/2up?q=Herincx |access-date=17 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton]], English soldier (b. [[1602]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burke |first1=Bernard |title=A Genealogical History of the Dormant: Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire |date=1866 |publisher=Harrison |page=47 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K3MaAAAAYAAJ&q=28%20august%201678 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 31]] &ndash; [[Louis VII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt]] (b. [[1658]])
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Jan Brueghel the Younger]], Flemish painter (b. [[1601]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holland |first1=Gerhard |title=Netherlandish Painting Before 1800 in Prominent Collections: Netherlandish painting before 1800 at the Städel |date=1998 |publisher=Blick in die Welt |isbn=978-3-88284-005-6 |page=24 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LsTqAAAAMAAJ&q=1678 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Pietro della Vecchia]], Italian painter (b. [[1603]])<ref>{{cite web |last1=Aikema |first1=Bernard |title=DELLA VECCHIA, Pietro |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/pietro-della-vecchia_(Dizionario-Biografico) |website=www.treccani.it |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=it-IT}}</ref>
* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[Christoph Bernhard von Galen]], Westphalian Catholic prince-bishop of Münster and military leader (b. [[1606]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gebhardt |first1=Bruno |title=Handbuch der deutschen Geschichte |date=1901 |publisher=Union deutsche Verlagsgellschaft |page=14 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Es8sAAAAYAAJ&dq=Christoph+Bernhard+von+Galen+%2219+september+1678%22&pg=PA209 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[September 18]] &ndash; [[Maurizio Cazzati]], Italian composer (b. [[1616]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Cazzati, Maurizio |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/display/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000005230 |website=Grove Music Online |year=2001 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.05230|last1=Schnoebelen |first1=Anne |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 }}</ref>
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Hedevig Ulfeldt]], daughter of King Christian IV of Denmark and Kirsten Munk (b. [[1626]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bricka |first1=Carl Frederik |title=Dansk biografisk Lexikon / VII |publisher=F. Hegel & Søn |page=197 |url=https://runeberg.org/dbl/7/0199.html |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=da}}</ref>
* [[October 11]] &ndash; [[Sir Peter Leycester, 1st Baronet]], British historian (b. [[1614]])<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Leycester, Sir Peter, first baronet (1614–1678), antiquary |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-16629 | year=2004 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/16629| last1=Broadway | first1=Jan }}</ref>
* [[October 12]] 
** [[Pieter Codde]], Dutch painter (b. [[1599]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Catalogue of the Pictures, Miniatures, Pastels, Framed Water Colour Drawings, Etc. in the Rijks-museum at Amsterdam |date=1905 |publisher=Roeloffzen-Hübner and Van Santen |page=92 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rMYUAAAAYAAJ&dq=Pieter+Codde+%2212+october+1678%22&pg=PA92 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Edmund Berry Godfrey]], English magistrate (b. [[1621]])<ref name="GF"/>
* [[October 14]] &ndash; [[Sir Richard Newdigate, 1st Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1602]])<ref>{{cite web |title=NEWDIGATE, Richard (1602-78), of Arbury, Warws. |url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/newdigate-richard-1602-78 |website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org |access-date=18 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[Cornelis HrR Ridder de Graeff]], Dutch nobleman and chief landholder of the Zijpe and Haze Polder (b. [[1650]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Polvliet |first1=Christiaan J. |title=Het geslacht Deutz en Deutz van Assendelft |date=1899 |publisher=Heraldisch-Genealogisch Archief |page=22 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h0YxtXJjyEAC&dq=Cornelis+de+Graeff+%2216+october+1678%22&pg=PA22 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[Jacob Jordaens]], Flemish painter (b. [[1593]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hulst |first1=Roger Adolf d' |last2=Jordaens |first2=Jacob |last3=Poorter |first3=Nora de |last4=Vandenven |first4=M. |title=Jacob Jordaens, 1593-1678: Paintings and tapestries |date=1993 |publisher=Gemeentekrediet |isbn=978-90-5066-117-1 |page=20 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=evbpAAAAMAAJ&q=Jacob+Jordaens+%2218+october+1678%22 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[October 19]] &ndash; [[Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten]], Dutch painter (b. c. [[1627]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Samuel van Hoogstraten |url=https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/39579 |website=RKD |access-date=18 March 2023 |date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035928/https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/39579 |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref>
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[William Coddington]], first Governor of Rhode Island (b. [[1601]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lossing |first1=Benson John |title=Harper's Encyclopædia of United States History from 458 A.D. to 1905: Based Upon the Plan of Benson John Lossing |date=1905 |publisher=Harper & brothers |page=508 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O_zXAAAAMAAJ&dq=William+Coddington+1+september+1678&pg=PA508 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[Solomon Swale]], English politician (b. [[1610]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ormrod |first1=W. M. |title=The Lord Lieutenants and High Sheriffs of Yorkshire, 1066-2000 |date=2000 |publisher=Wharncliffe Books |isbn=978-1-871647-74-7 |page=145 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OkSAAAAAIAAJ&q=november%201678 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Giovan Battista Nani]], Italian historian and diplomat (b. [[1616]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Grohmann |first1=Johann Gottfried |title=Neues Historisch-biographisches Handwörterbuch K - PA |date=1798 |publisher=Baumgärtner |page=391 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CE7Et_qw1xkC&dq=Giovan+Battista+Nani+%225+november+1678%22&pg=PA391 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Daniel Zwicker]], German physician (b. [[1612]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Attila |first1=Kis |title=Een brief van Adam Francke uit 1667 |date=1999 |publisher=Uitgeverij Verloren |isbn=978-90-6550-177-6 |page=141 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BehQzR-Ch1sC&dq=Daniel+Zwicker+%2210+november+1678%22&pg=PA141 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[Andries de Graeff]], Dutch politician (b. [[1611]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Koning |first1=Gerrit van Enst |title=Het Huis te Ilpendam en deszelfs voornaamste bezitters [i.e. the family de Graeff], etc |date=1836 |publisher=H. J. Poelders |page=44 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gpeU029OwOcC&dq=Andries+de+Graeff+%2230+november+1678%22&pg=PA44 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Edward Colman (martyr)|Edward Colman]], English Catholic courtier under Charles II (b. [[1636]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cope |first1=Kevin Lee |last2=Leitz |first2=Robert C. |title=Textual Studies and the Enlarged Eighteenth Century: Precision as Profusion |date=2012 |publisher=Lexington Books |isbn=978-1-61148-442-7 |page=129 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1jpzsC-h5sC&dq=Edward+Colman+%223+december+1678%22&pg=PA129 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 20]] &ndash; [[Matthew Marvin, Sr.]], Connecticut settler (b. [[1600]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hoppin |first1=Charles Arthur |title=The Washington Ancestry, and Records of the McClain, Johnson, and Forty Other Colonial American Families: Prepared for Edward Lee McClain |date=1932 |publisher=Priv. print. |page=500 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LiQTAQAAMAAJ&dq=Matthew+Marvin+Sr.+%22december+20+1678%22&pg=PA500 |access-date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1678}}
[[Category:1678| ]]