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{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}} {{Year dab|1679}} {{Year nav|1679}} [[File:The Murder of Archbishop Sharpe.tiff|300px|thumb|[[May 3]]: [[James Sharp (bishop)|James Sharp]], [[Archbishop of St Andrews]] for the [[Church of Scotland]], is assassinated.(Engraving of lost 1840 painting by Sir William Allan).]] {{C17 year in topic}}{{Year article header|1679}} [[File:Battle of Bothwell Bridge.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[June 22]]: [[Battle of Bothwell Bridge]].]] == Events == <onlyinclude> === January–March === * [[January 24]] – King [[Charles II of England]] dissolves the "[[Cavalier Parliament]]", after nearly 18 years.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology278279">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/278 278–279]}}</ref> * [[February 3]] – Moroccan troops from Fez are killed, along with their commander Moussa ben Ahmed ben Youssef, in a battle against rebels in the [[Jbel Saghro]] mountain range, but Moroccan Sultan [[Ismail Ibn Sharif]] is able to negotiate a ceasefire allowing his remaining troops safe passage back home. * [[February 5]] – The [[Treaty of Celle]] is signed between France and Sweden on one side, and the Holy Roman Empire, at the town of [[Celle]] in Saxony (in modern-day Germany). Sweden's sovereignty over [[Bremen-Verden]] is confirmed and Sweden cedes control of [[Thedinghausen]] and [[Dörverden]] to the Germans. * [[February 19]] – [[Ajit Singh of Marwar|Ajit Singh Rathore]] becomes the new Maharaja of the [[Jodhpur State]] a principality in India also known as Marwar, located in the modern-day [[Rajasthan]] state. * [[March 6]] – In England, the "[[Habeas Corpus Parliament]]" (or "First Exclusion Parliament") is opened.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology278279"/> * [[March 12]] – [[La Voisin|Catherine Deshayes Monvoisin]], commonly called "La Voisin" and the suspected killer of over 1,000 people in France by poisoning, is arrested outside of the Church of [[Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle]] in [[Paris]] and imprisoned at [[Vincennes]] for the next 11 months. After her conviction, she is publicly burned at the stake on February 22, 1680. === April–June === * [[April 3]] – [[Aurangazeb]], the [[Islam|Muslim]] ruler of the [[Mughal Empire]] in [[India]], decrees the imposition of the [[jizya]], an annual tax upon non-Muslims under Mughal jurisdiction, primarily [[Hinduism|Hindus]]. The tax had been abolished by Aurangazeb's great grandfather, Akbar. * [[April 8]] – In the Italian region of [[Piedmont]], a landslide causes the village of [[Bosia, Piedmont|Bosia]] to sink into the ground and then get buried, killing 200 inhabitants. The village is then rebuilt at another site and continues to exist. * [[April 10]] – A [[List of solar eclipses in the 17th century|total eclipse of the Sun]] takes place over [[North America]], with its peak over the region occupied by the [[Lakota people|Lakota Sioux]] people in modern-day [[South Dakota]]. * [[May 3]] – [[James Sharp (bishop)|James Sharp]], the [[Church of Scotland]]'s [[Archbishop of St Andrews]], is assassinated at [[Strathkinness|Magus Muir]] in [[Fife]], when his coach is ambushed by a group of nine of the Scottish [[Covenanters]]. Only two of the assassins, [[David Hackston]] and Andrew Guillan, are captured. * [[May 27]] – The [[Parliament of England]] passes the [[Habeas Corpus Act 1679|Habeas Corpus Act]], "for the better securing the liberty of the subject" and then adjourns.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology278279"/> * [[June 1]] – [[Battle of Drumclog]]: A group of 200 Scottish [[Covenanter]]s overwhelm a small Scottish Army unit, that had been pursuing them for the murder of Archbishop Sharp. The Covenanters, led by 19-year-old [[William Cleland (poet)|William Cleland]], kill 36 of the Scottish soldiers. * [[June 4]] – A [[1679 Armenia earthquake|6.4 magnitude earthquake in Armenia]] strikes near [[Yerevan]], at the time part of the [[Safavid dynasty|Persian Empire]]. * [[June 22]] – [[Battle of Bothwell Bridge]] in [[Scotland]]: Royal forces led by [[James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth]] and [[John Graham of Claverhouse]] subdue the Scottish Covenanters. === July–September === * [[July 12]] – In England, the "[[Habeas Corpus Parliament]]" (or "First Exclusion Parliament") is dissolved, while in recess, by [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]]. The King exercises his [[royal prerogative]] of dissolution to prevent the parliament from passing a bill that would exclude non-Anglicans from the [[Succession to the British throne|succession to the English throne]], specifically the king's Roman Catholic brother, [[James II of England|James, Duke of York]], as part of the [[Exclusion Crisis]]. * [[August 7]] – The [[brigantine]] ''[[Le Griffon]]'', commissioned by [[René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle]], is towed to the southern end of the [[Niagara River]], to become the first ship to sail the upper [[Great Lakes]] of North America. * [[September 2]] – The 8.0 {{M|w|link=y}} magnitude [[1679 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake|Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake]] devastates [[Beijing]] and [[Hebei]] in [[China]]. * [[September 18]] – The [[Province of New Hampshire]] is separated from the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]]. === October–December === * [[October 4]] – [[Bil'arab bin Sultan]] becomes the new [[List of rulers of Oman|Imam of Oman]] upon the death of his father, [[Sultan bin Saif]]. * [[October 6]] – Mughal Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] returns control of [[Bengal Subah|Bengal]] to the local [[Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad|Nawab of Murshidabad]] after removing his son, [[Muhammad Azam Shah|Prince Qutb-ud-Din Muhammad Azam]], from the position of Mughal Governor of [[Dhaka]]. <ref>Sir Jadunath Sarkar, ''The History of Bengal'' (University of Dacca, 1943) p. 382</ref> * [[October 12]] – Representatives of the [[Dutch Republic]] and the [[Denmark–Norway|Kingdom of Sweden]] sign the last of the nine [[Treaties of Nijmegen]], ending the last of the conflicts that began during the [[Franco-Dutch War]]. * [[October 18]] – A sea battle is fought between England's Royal Navy and the navy of India's [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]] (under the command of [[Mai Nayak Bhandari]]), with English bombardment driving the Maratha occupation of the island fortress at [[Khanderi]] (off of the western Indian coast south of [[Mumbai]]). * [[November 27]] – A fire in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], burns all of the warehouses, 80 houses, and all of the ships in the dockyards. * [[December 3]] – French explorers [[René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle]] (commonly called "La Salle") and [[Henri de Tonti]] set off from their fort near [[Niagara Falls]] in North America on the first European expedition to explore the upper [[Mississippi River]]. * [[December 10]] **More than 200 captives on the ship ''[[Deerness#The Crown of London shipwreck|The Crown of London]]'', all Scottish [[Covenanters]] arrested after the battle of Bothwell Bridge, are killed when the ship is wrecked on the [[Orkney|Orkney Islands]] while transporting the group to exile in North America.<ref>[https://www.orkney.com/news/covenanters-memorial "The story of the Covenanters Memorial"], Orkney.com</ref> **A peace treaty is signed between Ali Bey al-Muradi, Bey of Tunis; his brother whom he had overthrown in 1678, [[Muhammad Bey al-Muradi]]; and their uncle, Muhammad al-Hafsi al-Muradi, the Pasha of Tunis, after mediation by the [[Dey of Algiers]]. * [[December 16]] (December 6 O.S.) – [[Oliver Plunkett]], the Roman Catholic Primate of All Ireland and Archbishop of Armagh, is arrested on false charges of plotting to aid a French invasion of the British Isles, the so-called "[[Popish Plot]]". Executed in 1681, Plunkett will be canonized as a Roman Catholic saint almost 300 years later in 1975. * [[December 26]] – In modern-day Indonesia, the [[Trunajaya rebellion]] comes to an end with the surrender of Prince [[Trunajaya|Panembahan Maduretno]] to the Sultan [[Amangkurat II of Mataram]], ruler of the entire island of [[Java]]. While treated with respect as a prisoner of the occupying forces of the [[Dutch East India Company]] (''Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie'' or VOC), Panembahan is killed seven days later by Amangkurat after the VOC allows him to attend a ceremonial visit to the sultan's palace. === Date unknown === * The [[Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war]] (1679–84) begins with the Tibetan invasion of Ladakh. * French explorer [[Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut]], explores the [[Saint Louis River (Lake Superior tributary)|Saint Louis River]]; the city of [[Duluth, Minnesota]], will take its name from him. * [[Malpas Tunnel]] on the [[Canal du Midi]] in [[Hérault]], France, Europe's first navigable canal tunnel, is excavated by [[Pierre-Paul Riquet]] ({{convert|169|m|ft}}, concrete lined).<ref>{{cite book|last=Roland|first=Claudine|title=The Canal du Midi|year=1997|publisher=MSM|isbn=2-909998-66-5}}</ref></onlyinclude> == Births == [[File:Antonio Farnese, Duke of Parma - Galleria nazionale, Parma.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Antonio Farnese, Duke of Parma|Antonio Farnese]]]] * [[January 24]] – [[Christian Wolff (philosopher)|Christian Wolff]], German philosopher (d. [[1754]]) * [[March 18]] – [[Matthew Decker]], English merchant and writer (d. [[1749]]) * [[March 29]] – [[Benedict Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore]], [[List of colonial governors of Maryland|colonial governor of Maryland]] (d. [[1715]]) * [[May 29]] – [[Antonio Farnese, Duke of Parma]] (d. [[1731]]) * [[August 16]] – [[Catharine Trotter Cockburn]], English novelist, dramatist, philosopher (d. [[1749]]) * [[August 22]] – [[Pierre Guérin de Tencin]], French cardinal (d. [[1758]]) * [[October 13]] – [[Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst]], Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (d. [[1740]]) * [[October 16]] – [[Jan Dismas Zelenka]], Bohemian composer (d. [[1745]]) * [[October 18]] – [[Ann Putnam, Jr. (Salem witch trials)|Ann Putnam, Jr.]], American accuser in the Salem witch trials (d. [[1716]]) * [[November 11]] – [[Firmin Abauzit]], French scientist (d. [[1767]]) * ''date unknown'' ** [[James Erskine, Lord Grange]], Scottish judge (d. [[1754]]) ** [[George Psalmanazar]], French-born imposter and essayist (d. [[1763]]) ** [[Francesco Zerafa]], Maltese architect (d. [[1758]]) == Deaths == {{multiple image| perrow=2|align=right|width=110| | image1 = 1670 Jan Havicksz. Steen - zelfportret.jpg | alt1 =Jan Steen | caption1 = [[Jan Steen]] | image2 = J vondel.jpg | alt2 = Joost van den Vondel | caption2 = [[Joost van den Vondel]] | image3 = Lady Pakington, née Dorothy Coventry (1623-1679) by Cornelis Jonson van Ceulen (1593-1661).jpg | alt3 = Dorothy, Lady Pakington | caption3 = [[Dorothy, Lady Pakington]] | image4 = Thomas Hobbes (portrait).jpg | alt4 = Thomas Hobbes | caption4 = [[Thomas Hobbes]] | image5 = Anne Geneviève de Bourbon, duchesse d'Estouteville et de Longueville.jpg | alt5 = Anne Geneviève de Bourbon | caption5 = [[Anne Geneviève de Bourbon]] | image6 = QT - Johann Moritz 1937.PNG | alt6 = John Maurice | caption6 = [[John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen|John Maurice]] }} * [[January 1]] – [[Jan Steen]], Dutch painter (b. c. [[1626]]) * [[January 8]] – [[Raymond Breton]], French missionary (b. [[1609]]) * [[January 14]] – [[Jacques de Billy]], French Jesuit mathematician (b. [[1602]]) * [[January 15]] – [[Pierre Lambert de la Motte]], French bishop (b. [[1624]]) * [[January 24]] ** [[Ulderico Carpegna]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1595]]) ** [[Maurice Henry, Prince of Nassau-Hadamar]] (1653–1679) (b. [[1626]]) * [[January 29]] – [[Carlo Ceresa]], Italian painter (b. [[1609]]) * [[February 5]] – [[Joost van den Vondel]], Dutch dramatist and poet (b. [[1587]]) * [[February 6]] – [[Margherita de' Medici]], Italian duchess regent of Parma (b. [[1612]]) * [[February 18]] – [[Anne Conway (philosopher)|Lady Anne Finch Conway]], English philosopher (b. [[1631]]) * [[February 19]] – [[Henricus Regius]], Dutch philosopher (b. [[1598]]) * [[February 19]] – [[Thomas Hales (settler)|Thomas Hales]], Connecticut settler (b. [[1610]]) * [[February 22]] – [[Henrik Rysensteen]], Dutch military engineer (b. [[1624]]) * [[March 11]] ** [[Sir John Covert, 1st Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1620]]) ** [[Luise Marie of the Palatinate]], German princess (b. [[1647]]) * [[March 16]] ** [[John Leverett]], Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. [[1616]]) ** [[Johan Frederik von Marschalck]], German-born landowner, Chancellor of Norway (b. [[1618]]) ** [[Johannes Schefferus]], Alsatian-born humanist (b. [[1621]]) * [[March 27]] – [[Abraham Mignon]], Dutch golden age painter (b. [[1640]]) * [[April]] – [[Thomas Notley]], [[List of colonial governors of Maryland|Colonial governor of Maryland]] (b. [[1632]]) * [[April 5]] – [[Anne Geneviève de Bourbon]], French princess and political activist (b. [[1619]]) * [[May 3]] – [[James Sharp (bishop)|James Sharp]], Scottish archbishop (assassinated) (b. [[1613]]) * [[May 5]] – [[Magnus Celsius]], Swedish astronomer and mathematician (b. [[1621]]) * [[May 6]] – [[Peregrine Hoby]], English politician (b. [[1602]]) * [[May 10]] – [[Dorothy, Lady Pakington]], English religious writer (b. [[1623]]) * [[May 14]] – [[August of Legnica]], Silesian nobleman (b. [[1627]]) * [[May 26]] – [[Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria]] (b. [[1636]]) * [[June 3]] – [[Francisque Millet]], Flemish-French painter (b. [[1642]]) * [[June 7]] – [[Princess Christine Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg]], German noblewoman (b. [[1638]]) * [[June 15]] – [[Guillaume Courtois]], French painter (b. [[1628]]) * [[June 27]] – [[Pablo Bruna]], blind Spanish composer and organist (b. [[1611]]) * [[July 4]] – [[Antoine Garaby de La Luzerne]], French poet (b. [[1617]]) * [[July 11]] – [[William Chamberlayne (poet)|William Chamberlayne]], English poet (b. [[1619]]) * [[July 19]] – [[Francis Anderson (MP for Newcastle-upon-Tyne)|Francis Anderson]], English politician (b. [[1614]]) * [[July 26]] – [[Edward Bayntun (died 1679)|Edward Bayntun]], English politician (b. [[1618]]) * [[August]] – [[Catherine Lepère]], French midwife (b. [[1601]]) * [[August 6]] – [[John Snell]], English royalist (b. [[1629]]) * [[August 12]] – [[Marie de Rohan]], French courtier and political activist (b. [[1600]]) * [[August 20]] – [[Jacob Alting]], Dutch linguist (b. [[1618]]) * [[August 24]] – [[Jean François Paul de Gondi]], Cardinal de Retz, French churchman and agitator (b. [[1614]]) * [[August 28]] – [[Alfonso Litta]], Cardinal, Archbishop of Milan (b. [[1608]]) * [[August 29]] – [[Margaret Mostyn]], English [[Carmelite]] nun (b. [[1625]]) * [[September 9]] – [[John Gurdon (died 1679)|John Gurdon]], English politician (b. [[1595]]) * [[September 11]] – [[Nicolaes Visscher I]] (buried), Dutch engraver, cartographer and publisher (b. [[1618]]) * [[September 17]] – [[John of Austria the Younger]], Spanish general (b. [[1629]]) * [[September 25]] – [[Philips Augustijn Immenraet]], Flemish painter (b. [[1627]]) * [[September 29]] – [[John Manners, 8th Earl of Rutland]], English politician when he inherited the peerage (b. [[1604]]) * [[October 1]] – [[Antonia of Württemberg]], princess, literary figure, patron, and Christian Kabbalist (b. [[1613]]) * [[October 2]] – [[Sir William Bowyer, 1st Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1612]]) * [[October 3]] – [[Hugh Bethell (died 1679)|Hugh Bethell]], English [[Member of Parliament]] and High Sheriff (b. [[1615]]) * [[October 12]] – [[William Gurnall]], English writer (b. [[1617]]) * [[October 26]] – [[Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery]], British soldier, statesman, and dramatist (b. [[1621]]) * [[November 11]] – [[Rosina Schnorr]], German businessperson (b. [[1618]]) * [[November 19]] – [[Roger Conant (colonist)|Roger Conant]], Massachusetts governor, founder of [[Salem, Massachusetts]] (b. [[1592]]) * [[November 27]] – [[Archibald Primrose, Lord Carrington]], Scottish judge (b. [[1616]]) * [[December 4]] – [[Thomas Hobbes]], English philosopher (b. [[1588]]) * [[December 10]] – [[Francesco Barberini (1597–1679)|Francesco Barberini]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1597]]) * [[December 20]] – [[John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen]] (b. [[1604]]) * [[December 18]] – [[John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg]], Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg (1665–1679) (b. [[1625]]) * [[December 21]] – [[Claude Lamoral, 3rd Prince of Ligne]], Spanish general and prince (b. [[1618]]) * [[December 28]] ** [[Peder Winstrup]], Bishop of Lund (b. [[1605]]) ** [[Andrzej Trzebicki]], nobleman and priest in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (b. [[1607]]) * [[December 31]] – [[Giovanni Alfonso Borelli]], Italian physiologist and physicist (b. [[1608]]) == References == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:1679}} [[Category:1679| ]]
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