Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
1683
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}} {{Year dab|1683}} {{Year nav|1683}} [[File:Vienna Battle 1683.jpg|thumb|300px|[[September 12]]: European armies turn back Ottoman Empire's attempt to conquer Central Europe in [[Battle of Vienna]] (painting by [[Frans Geffels]] prior to [[1694]])]] {{C17 year in topic}} {{Year article header|1683}} == Events == <onlyinclude> === January–March === * [[January 5]] – The [[Brandenburger Gold Coast|Brandenburger-African Company]], of the German state of Brandenburg, signs a treaty with representatives of the [[Ahanta people|Ahanta]] tribe (in modern-day [[Ghana]]), to establish the fort and settlement of Groß Friedrichsburg, in honor of [[Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg]]. The location is later renamed [[Princes Town, Ghana|Princes Town]], also called Pokesu. * [[January 6]] – The tragic opera ''[[Phaëton (Lully)|Phaëton]]'', written by [[Jean-Baptiste Lully]] and [[Philippe Quinault]], is premiered at the [[Palace of Versailles]]. * [[January 27]] – [[Gove's Rebellion]] breaks out in the [[Province of New Hampshire]] in North America as a revolt against the Royal Governor, [[Edward Cranfield]]. Most of the participants, and their leader Edward Gove, are arrested. Gove is convicted of treason but pardoned three years later. * [[February 7]] – The opera ''[[Giustino (Legrenzi)|Giustino]]'' by [[Giovanni Legrenzi]] and about the life of the [[Justin I|Byzantine Emperor Justin]], premieres in [[Venice]]. * [[March 14]] – [[Ageng Tirtayasa of Banten|Ageng Tirtayasa]], Sultan of [[Banten Sultanate|Banten]] on the island of [[Java]] (part of modern-day Indonesia), is captured by soldiers hired by the [[Dutch East India Company]]. * [[March 17]] – In a battle at [[Kalyan]] (near [[Mumbai|Bombay]]) between the Maratha Empire and the Mughal Empire in India, Maratha General [[Hambirrao Mohite]] defeats the local Mughal official, Ranamast Khan. * [[March 22]] – Great fire in [[Newmarket, Suffolk]], England, consuming half the houses and forcing [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]] (who is in residence) to flee the town.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Fires, Great|title=The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance|editor-first=Cornelius|editor-last=Walford|publisher=C. & E. Layton|year=1876|page=44}}</ref> * [[March 31]] – Authorized representatives of King [[John III Sobieski]] of Poland and Emperor Leopold I of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] sign a military alliance treaty in [[Warsaw]]. === April–June === * [[April 10]] – [[Charles V, Duke of Lorraine]] is appointed commander of the [[Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Emperor|Imperial Army]] of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. * [[May 3]] – Sultan [[Mehmed IV]] of the Ottoman Empire enters [[Belgrade]]. * [[May 24]] – The [[Ashmolean Museum]] opens in Oxford (England), as the world's second [[university museum]], after the establishment of the [[Kunstmuseum Basel]] in 1661 by the [[University of Basel]]. * [[June 12]] – The [[Rye House Plot]] to assassinate [[Charles II of England]] is discovered.<ref name="The People's Chronology">{{cite book|chapter=1683|title=The People's Chronology|editor=Everett, Jason M.|publisher=Thomson Gale|year=2006}}</ref> === July–September === * [[July 8]] – Admiral [[Shi Lang]] of [[Qing dynasty]] China leads 300 ships with 20,000 troops out of Tongshan, [[Fujian]], and sails towards the [[Kingdom of Tungning]], in modern-day [[Taiwan]] and [[Penghu]], in order to quell the kingdom in the name of the Qing. * [[July 14]] – A 173,000-man [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] force arrives at [[Vienna]], and starts to besiege the city. * [[July 16]]–[[July 17|17]] – [[Battle of Penghu]]: Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang defeats the naval forces of [[Zheng Keshuang]] decisively. * [[July 21]] – The gruesome execution of [[William Russell, Lord Russell|Lord Russell]], for his role in the 1683 [[Rye House Plot]] to assassinate King [[Charles II of England]], is carried out by the royal executioner [[Jack Ketch]], who wields his axe in a manner requiring multiple blows to make Russell suffer as much as possible during the beheading. <ref>Juré Fiorillo, ''Great Bastards of History: True and Riveting Accounts of the Most Famous Illegitimate Children Who Went on to Achieve Greatness'' (Fair Winds Press, 2010) p. 82</ref> * [[August 4]] – [[Turhan Sultan|Turhan]], in the powerful role of the [[Valide sultan]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] since 1648 as the mother of Sultan [[Mehmed IV]], dies at the age of 56, bringing an end to the era in Ottoman history known as the "[[Sultanate of Women]]". Upon the overthrow of Mehmed IV four years later, the role of the mother of the Ottoman Sultan is less powerful. * [[August 18]] – [[Francesco Maria Imperiale Lercari]] becomes the new [[Doge of Genoa|Doge]] of the [[Republic of Genoa]]. * [[August 20]] – [[Bahadur Shah I|Bahadur]], son of the Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] of the [[Mughal Empire]] in India, is dispatched along with other Mughal nobles on an [[Mughal invasions of Konkan (1684)|invasion of Konkan]], the area on the southwestern Indian coast under the control of the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]]. * [[August 25]] – The [[Thomas Dongan, 2nd Earl of Limerick|Earl of Limerick]], Irishman Thomas Dongan, takes office as the new British Colonial Governor of the [[Province of New York]] and makes major reforms to restore public order and rescue the province from bankruptcy. * [[September 5]] – Qing Chinese admiral [[Shi Lang]] receives the formal surrender of [[Zheng Keshuang]], ushering in the collapse of the [[Kingdom of Tungning]], which is then incorporated into the [[Qing Empire]]. * [[September 12]] **[[Battle of Vienna]]: The Ottoman siege of the city is broken with the arrival of a force of 70,000 [[Poland|Poles]], [[Austria]]ns and [[Germany|Germans]] under Polish–Lithuanian king [[Jan III Sobieski]], whose [[cavalry]] turns their flank. The victory marks a turning point in the [[Ottoman Empire]]'s fortunes and the end of the Turkish attempt to expand its control into Western Europe. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1683 |title=Historical Events for Year 1683 | OnThisDay.com |website=Historyorb.com |date=1683 |access-date=2016-06-24}}</ref> **[[Peter II of Portugal|Pedro II]] becomes the [[King of Portugal]] after having served as regent since 1668 for his older brother [[Afonso VI of Portugal|Afonso VI]]. === October–December === * [[October 3]] – [[Shi Lang]] reaches [[Taiwan]] and occupies modern-day [[Kaohsiung]]. * [[October 6]] – [[Germantown, Philadelphia]] is founded as the first permanent German settlement in North America (in [[1983]] U.S. President Ronald Reagan declares a 300th Year Celebration, and in [[1987]], it becomes an annual holiday, [[German-American Day]]). * [[October 9]] (possible date) – [[Louis XIV of France]] makes a [[morganatic marriage]] with [[Madame de Maintenon]] in a secret ceremony following the death on July 30 of his queen consort, [[Maria Theresa of Spain]].<ref>{{cite book|author-link=Veronica Buckley|last=Buckley|first=Veronica|title=Madame de Maintenon: The Secret Wife of Louis XIV|location=London|publisher=Bloomsbury|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7475-8098-0|page=276}}</ref> * [[November 1]] – The English crown colony of the [[Province of New York]] is subdivided into 12 [[County (United States)|counties]]: [[Albany County, New York|Albany]], [[Dutchess County, New York|Dutchess]], [[Orange County, New York|Orange]], [[Ulster County, New York|Ulster]], and [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester]] (upstate); [[Kings County, New York|Kings]], [[New York County]], [[Queens County, New York|Queens]], [[Richmond County, New York|Richmond]] (within New York City); [[Suffolk County, New York|Suffolk]] (eastern Long Island), and two areas not in New York state, [[Dukes County, Province of New York|Dukes County]] (now in Massachusetts) and [[Cornwall County, Province of New York|Cornwall County]] (now 11 counties in Maine). <ref>[http://genealogy.clifflamere.com/Aid/History/NY-OriginalCounties.htm "The 12 Original Counties of New York State"], by Cliff Lamere</ref> * [[December 7]] – [[Algernon Sidney]], opponent of King [[Charles II of England]] and author of the rebel tract ''[[Discourses Concerning Government]]'' is beheaded after having been arrested on June 25 and found guilty on November 7. * [[December 25]] **[[Kara Mustafa Pasha]], [[Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire]] since [[1676]], is executed on orders of Sultan [[Mehmed IV]] after being blamed for the Ottoman loss of the [[Battle of Vienna]] on September 12. The execution is carried out in [[Belgrade]] as Kara Mustafa is strangled with a silk cord. The Sultan appoints [[Bayburtlu Kara Ibrahim Pasha]] as the new Grand Vizier. **[[George Ducas]], the Prince of Moldavia installed by the Ottomans in 1678, is arrested by Polish authorities while on his way back to [[Bucharest]] from the defeat by Poland in the Battle of Vienna. Ducas is replaced by [[Ștefan Petriceicu]]. * [[December 27]] – [[Richard Keigwin (Governor of Bombay)|Richard Keigwin]] leads a rebellion against the [[East India Company]] to take over as Governor of Bombay and most of the British territory in India, driving out Governor [[Sir John Child, 1st Baronet|Sir John Child]] and arresting the Deputy Governor, [[Charles Ward (Deputy Governor of Bombay)|Charles Ward]]. Keigwin surrenders the office less than a year later. * [[December]] – The [[River Thames]] in England freezes, allowing a [[River Thames frost fairs|frost fair]] to be held. === Date unknown === * [[Wild boar]]s are hunted to extinction in Britain.<ref name="The People's Chronology"/></onlyinclude> == Births == [[File:D. Maria Ana de Áustria, Rainha de Portugal - Pompeo Batoni (Palácio Nacional da Ajuda).png|thumb|right|110px|[[Maria Anna of Austria]]]] * [[January 13]] – [[Christoph Graupner]], German composer (d. [[1760]]) * [[January 29]] – [[Juan de Galavís]], Spanish Catholic Archbishop of Santo Domingo, Bogotá (d. [[1739]]) * [[February 4]] – [[Jean-Baptiste Bénard de la Harpe]], French explorer of North America (d. [[1765]]) * [[February 28]] – [[René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur]], French scientist (d. [[1757]]) * [[March 1]] – [[Caroline of Ansbach]], British queen and regent, wife of [[George II of Great Britain]] (d. [[1737]]) * [[April 3]] – [[Mark Catesby]], English naturalist (d. [[1749]]) * [[June 23]] – [[Étienne Fourmont]], French orientalist (d. [[1745]]) * [[September 7]] – [[Maria Anna of Austria]], [[Archduchess of Austria]] and [[Queen consort of Portugal]] (d. [[1754]]) * [[September 11]] – [[Farrukhsiyar]], [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Emperor (d. [[1719]]) * [[September 25]] – [[Jean-Philippe Rameau]], French composer (d. [[1764]]) * [[October 17]] – [[Yuntang|Aixinjueluo Yuntang]], born ''Aixinjueluo Yintang'', Qing prince (d. [[1726]]) * [[October 25]] – [[Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton]], British politician (d. [[1757]]) * [[November 10]] – King [[George II of Great Britain]] (d. [[1760]]) * [[November 30]] – [[Ludwig Andreas von Khevenhüller]], Austrian field marshal (d. [[1744]]) * [[December 19]] – King [[Philip V of Spain]] (d. [[1746]]) * [[December 27]] – [[Conyers Middleton]], English minister (d. [[1750]]) * ''date unknown'' ** [[Anna Maria Thelott]], Swedish artist (d. [[1710]]) ** [[Benedicta Margareta von Löwendal]], German industrialist (d. [[1776]]) == Deaths == [[File:Julien Maunoir.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Julien Maunoir]]]] [[File:Cesare Facchinetti.jpeg|thumb|110px|right|[[Cesare Facchinetti]]]] [[File:Afonso VI de Portugal.JPG|thumb|110px|right|[[Afonso VI of Portugal]]]] * [[January 2]] – [[Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1602]]) * [[January 14]] – [[Edward Thurland]], English politician (b. [[1607]]) * [[January 15]] – [[Philip Warwick]], English writer and politician (b. [[1609]]) * [[January 21]] – [[Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury]], British politician (b. [[1621]]) * [[January 28]] – [[Julian Maunoir]], French [[Jesuit]] priest (b. [[1606]]) * [[January 30]] – [[Cesare Facchinetti]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] cardinal (b. [[1608]]) * [[February 18]] – [[Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem]], Dutch painter (b. [[1620]]) * [[February 27]] – [[Engel de Ruyter]], Dutch admiral (b. [[1649]]) * [[February 28]] – [[Johann Paul Freiherr von Hocher]], Austrian chancellor (b. [[1616]]) * [[March 6]] – [[Guarino Guarini]], Italian architect of the Piedmontese Baroque (b. [[1624]]) * [[March 8]] – [[Robert Paston, 1st Earl of Yarmouth]], English politician, earl (b. [[1631]]) * [[March 11]] – [[Giovanni Bernardo Carboni]], Italian painter (b. [[1614]]) * [[March 14]] – [[Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester]], English politician (b. [[1634]]) * [[March 16]] – [[Henrik Bjelke]], Norwegian military officer (b. [[1615]]) * [[March 19]] – [[Thomas Killigrew]], English dramatist (b. [[1612]]) * [[April 28]] – [[Daniel Casper von Lohenstein]], German writer, diplomat and lawyer (b. [[1635]]) * [[March 29]] – [[Yaoya Oshichi]], young [[Japanese people|Japanese]] girl burned at the stake for arson (b. [[1667]]) * [[May 2]] – [[Stjepan Gradić]], Croatian philosopher and scientist (b. [[1613]]) * [[May 15]] – [[John Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar]] (b. [[1627]]) * [[June 4]] – [[Wolfgang George Frederick von Pfalz-Neuburg]], German bishop (b. [[1659]]) * [[July 7]] – [[Elisabeth Henriette of Hesse-Kassel]], daughter of William VI (b. [[1661]]) * [[July 10]] – [[François Eudes de Mézeray]], French historian (b. [[1610]]) * [[July 13]] – [[Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex]], English statesman (b. [[1631]]) * [[July 21]] – [[William Russell, Lord Russell]], English politician (b. [[1639]]) * [[July 26]] – [[Jean Le Vacher]], French Lazarist missionary and French consul (b. [[1619]]) * [[July 30]] – [[Maria Theresa of Spain]], French queen, married to [[Louis XIV of France]] (b. [[1638]]) * [[August 4]] – [[Turhan Hatice Sultan]], Ottoman Valide Sultan, married to [[Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire|Ibrahim]] and the mother of Sultan [[Mehmed IV]] (b. [[1627]]) * [[August 18]] – [[Charles Hart (17th-century actor)|Charles Hart]], English actor (b. [[1625]]) * [[August 22]] – [[Sir John Hobart, 3rd Baronet]], English landowner and politician (b. [[1628]]) * [[August 24]] – [[John Owen (theologian)|John Owen]], English non-conformist theologian (b. [[1616]]) * [[September 6]] – [[Jean-Baptiste Colbert]], French minister of finance (b. [[1619]]) * [[September 12]] – King [[Afonso VI of Portugal]] (b. [[1643]]) * [[September 17]] – [[John Campanius]], Swedish Lutheran minister in New Sweden (b. [[1601]]) * [[October 1]] – [[John Hull (merchant)|John Hull]], colonial American merchant and politician (b. [[1624]])<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/43585298.pdf|jstor=43585298|title=John Hull, the Coiner of the Pine Tree Shillings|author1=R. R. R.|journal=American Journal of Numismatics, and Bulletin of the American Numismatic and Archaeological Society|year=1893|volume=27|issue=3|pages=49–54}}</ref> * [[October 8]] – [[Philipp Friedrich Böddecker]], German organist and composer (b. [[1607]]) * [[October 9]] – [[Francesco Caetani, 8th Duke of Sermoneta]], Governor of the Duchy of Milan (b. [[1613]]) * [[October 25]] – [[William Scroggs]], lord chief justice of England (b. c. [[1623]]) * [[November 10]] ** [[John Collins (mathematician)|John Collins]], English mathematician (b. [[1625]]) ** [[Robert Morison]], Scottish botanist and taxonomist (b. [[1620]]) * [[November 16]] – [[Margareta Huitfeldt]], Norwegian-Swedish noble (b. [[1608]]) * [[November 29]] – [[John Wright (Ipswich MP)|John Wright]], British politician (b. [[1615]]) * [[December 7]] ** [[John Oldham (poet)|John Oldham]], English poet (smallpox) (b. [[1653]]) ** [[Algernon Sidney]], English politician (b. [[1623]]) * [[December 13]] – [[Anna Sophia II, Abbess of Quedlinburg]], Abbesses of Quedlinburg (b. [[1638]]) * [[December 15]] – [[Izaak Walton]], English writer (b. [[1593]]) * [[December 16]] – [[John Knight (died 1683)|John Knight]], Member of the Parliament of England (b. [[1613]]) * [[December 25]] – [[Samuel Clarke (minister)|Samuel Clarke]], English writer and priest (b. [[1599]]) * [[December 27]] – [[Maria Francisca of Savoy]], [[Queen consort of Portugal]] (b. [[1646]]) === Date unknown === * [[Birgitta Durell]], Swedish industrialist (b. [[1616]]) * [[Roger Williams]], English theologian and colonist (b. [[1603]]) == References == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:1683}} [[Category:1683| ]]
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page
(
help
)
:
Template:C11–17 year in topic
(
edit
)
Template:C17 year in topic
(
edit
)
Template:Cite book
(
edit
)
Template:Cite journal
(
edit
)
Template:Cite web
(
edit
)
Template:Reflist
(
edit
)
Template:Use mdy dates
(
edit
)
Template:Year article header
(
edit
)
Template:Year dab
(
edit
)
Template:Year nav
(
edit
)