Editing 1683 in science

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{{Science year nav|1683}}

The year '''1683 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.

==Geography==
* [[Vincenzo Coronelli]] completes terrestrial and celestial globes for [[Louis XIV of France]].

==Biology==
* September 17 – [[Antonie van Leeuwenhoek]] writes a letter to the [[Royal Society]] of London describing "[[animalcule]]s" – the first known description of [[protozoa]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson |first=Douglas|title=Wrote Letter 39 of 1683-09-17 (AB 76) to Francis Aston|url=http://lensonleeuwenhoek.net/content/wrote-letter-39-1683-09-17-ab-76-francis-aston|work=Lens on Leeuwenhoek|access-date=2016-09-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820153516/http://lensonleeuwenhoek.net/content/wrote-letter-39-1683-09-17-ab-76-francis-aston|archivedate=2016-08-20}}</ref>

==Mathematics==
* Based on his discovery of the [[resultant]], [[Seki Takakazu]] starts to develop [[elimination theory]] in the ''Kai-fukudai-no-hō'' (解伏題之法,); and to express the resultant, he develops the notion of the [[determinant]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Eves|first=Howard|year=1990|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PXvwAAAAMAAJ&q=seki&pg=PA405|title=An Introduction to the History of Mathematics|location=Philadelphia|publisher=Saunders College|edition=6th|isbn=0-03-029558-0|page=405}}</ref>
* [[Jacob Bernoulli]] discovers the mathematical constant ''[[e (mathematical constant)|e]]''.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Boyer, Carl|author2=Merzbach, Uta|author2-link=Uta Merzbach|title=A History of Mathematics|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmathema00boye|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofmathema00boye/page/419 419]|publisher=Wiley|year=1991|isbn=9780471543978 |edition=2nd}}</ref>

==Medicine==
* Dutch physician [[Willem ten Rhijne]] publishes ''Dissertatio de Arthritide: Mantissa Schematica: De Acupunctura'' in London, introducing the West to [[acupuncture]] and [[moxibustion]].

==Technology==
* [[Vauban]]'s manual on [[fortification]], ''Le Directeur-Général des fortifications'', begins publication at [[The Hague]].

==Institutions==
* May 24 – The [[Ashmolean Museum]] opens in [[Broad Street, Oxford]] (England) as the world's first purpose-built university museum,<ref>{{cite web|title=Ashmolean Museum|work=The Invention of Museum Anthropology|publisher=[[Pitt Rivers Museum]]|location=Oxford|url=http://web.prm.ox.ac.uk/sma/index.php/primary-documents/primary-documents-ashmolean-museum.html|year=2012|accessdate=2019-05-25}}</ref> including accommodation for the teaching of natural philosophy and a chemistry laboratory. Naturalist Dr. [[Robert Plot]] is the first keeper and first professor of chemistry.
* October 15 – First meeting of the [[Dublin Philosophical Society]], established by [[William Molyneux]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Medicine, Disease and the State in Ireland, 1650–1940|first1=Greta|last1=Jones|first2=Elizabeth|last2=Malcolm|year=1999|publisher=Cork University Press|page=91|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LPZhfPHLiNQC&dq=%22Dublin+Philosophical+Society%22&pg=PA91|isbn=978-1-85918-230-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Memoir of the Dublin Philosophical Society of 1683|authorlink=William Wilde|first=W. R.|last=Wilde|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy|publisher=[[Royal Irish Academy]]|location=Dublin|volume=3|date=1844–47|pages=160–76|jstor=20489545}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=T. D.|last=Spearman|year=1992|title=400 Years of Mathematics|url=http://www.maths.tcd.ie/about/400Hist/6.php|publisher=[[Trinity College Dublin]]|accessdate=2014-01-09}}</ref>

==Births==
* February 28 – [[Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur]], [[French people|French]] [[physicist]] (died [[1757 in science|1757]])
* December 23 – [[François Nicole]], French [[mathematician]] (died [[1758 in science|1758]])
* Approximate date
** [[Giovanni Poleni]], [[Italians|Italian]] mathematician and physicist (died [[1761 in science|1761]])
** [[Edmund Weaver (astronomer)|Edmund Weaver]], [[English people|English]] [[astronomer]] (died [[1748 in science|1748]])

==Deaths==
* May 2 – [[Stjepan Gradić]], [[Republic of Ragusa|Ragusa]]n [[polymath]] (born [[1613 in science|1613]])
* November 10
** [[John Collins (mathematician)|John Collins]], [[English people|English]] mathematician (born [[1625 in science|1625]])
** [[Robert Morison]], [[Scottish people|Scottish]] [[botanist]] (born [[1620 in science|1620]])

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1683 in science| ]]
[[Category:17th century in science]]
[[Category:1680s in science]]