Editing 1713 in science

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The year '''1713 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.

==Astronomy==
* John Rowley of London produces an [[orrery]] to a commission by [[Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of Orrery]].<ref>{{OED|Orrery}}</ref>

==Mathematics==
* September 9 – [[Nicolas Bernoulli]] first describes the [[St. Petersburg paradox]] in a letter to [[Pierre Raymond de Montmort]].
* November 13 – James Waldegrave provides the first known [[minimax]] mixed strategy solution to a two-person game, in a letter to de Montmort.<ref>{{cite web|title=A Chronology of Game Theory|first=Paul|last=Walker|url=http://www.econ.canterbury.ac.nz/personal_pages/paul_walker/gt/hist.htm|work=History of Game Theory|accessdate=2012-05-12|date=October 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000815223335/http://www.economics.harvard.edu/~aroth/alroth.html|archive-date=2000-08-15|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Jacob Bernoulli]]'s best known work, ''Ars Conjectandi'' (''The Art of Conjecture''), is published posthumously by his nephew. It contains a [[mathematical proof]] of the [[law of large numbers]], the [[Bernoulli numbers]], and other important research in [[probability theory]] and [[enumeration]].

==Medicine==
* [[William Cheselden]] publishes ''Anatomy of the Human Body'' and it becomes a popular work on anatomy, at least in part due to it being written in English rather than [[Latin]].
* Italian [[Bernardino Ramazzini]] provides one of the first descriptions of task-specific [[dystonia]] in his book of occupational diseases, ''Morbis Artificum'',<ref>Ramazzini B. ''Diseases of Workers''. Translated from De Morbis Artificum of 1713 by [[Wilmer Cave Wright]]. New York: Haffner, 1964.</ref> noting in chapter II of its Supplementum that "Scribes and Notaries" may develop "incessant movement of the hand, always in the same direction … the continuous and almost tonic strain on the muscles... that results in failure of power in the right hand".

==Physics==
* The second edition of [[Isaac Newton]]'s ''[[Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica|Principia Mathematica]]'' is published with an introduction by [[Roger Cotes]] and an essay by Newton titled ''[[General Scholium]]'' where he famously states "[[Hypotheses non fingo]]" ("I feign no hypotheses").

==Technology==
* (c. 1713) [[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]] switches from using [[Ethanol|alcohol]] to [[mercury (element)|mercury]] as the thermometric fluid in his [[thermometer]]s, creating the first [[mercury-in-glass thermometer]].
* Andrew Robinson builds the first ship called a [[schooner]] in [[Gloucester, Massachusetts]].

==Births==
* March 15 – [[Nicolas Louis de Lacaille]], French [[astronomer]] (baptized December 28; died [[1762 in science|1762]])
* May 3 – [[Alexis Claude Clairaut]], French [[mathematician]] (died [[1765 in science|1765]])
* May 25 – [[John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute|John Stuart, Lord Mount Stuart]], [[Scottish people|Scottish]] politician and [[botanist]] (died [[1792 in science|1792]])
* September 10 – [[John Needham]], English [[biologist]] (died [[1781 in science|1781]])
* [[Anthony Addington]], English [[physician]] (died [[1790 in science|1790]])
* [[Jean Paul de Gua de Malves]], French mathematician (died [[1785 in science|1785]])

==Deaths==
* April 29 (''bur.'') – [[Francis Hauksbee]], English scientific instrument maker and experimentalist (born [[1660 in science|1660]])
* April (end) – [[Edmund Dummer (naval engineer)|Edmund Dummer]], English naval engineer (born [[1651 in science|1651]])
* July 7 – [[Henry Compton (bishop)|Henry Compton]], English bishop and botanist (born [[1632 in science|1632]])
* August 26 (''bur.'') – [[Denis Papin]], French-born [[physicist]], [[mathematician]] and [[inventor]] (born [[1647 in science|1647]])
* October 20 – [[Archibald Pitcairne]], [[Scotland|Scottish]] physician (born [[1652 in science|1652]])

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1713 in science| ]]
[[Category:18th century in science]]
[[Category:1710s in science]]