Editing 1736 in science

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The year '''1736 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.

==Botany==
* [[Charles Marie de La Condamine]], with François Fresneau Gataudière, makes the first scientific observations of [[rubber]], in [[Ecuador]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Journal du voyage fait par ordre du roi à l'équateur|location=Paris|year=1751}}</ref>

==Earth sciences==
* June 19 – [[French Academy of Sciences]] expedition led by [[Pierre Louis Maupertuis]], with [[Anders Celsius]], begins work on measuring a [[meridian arc]] in the [[Torne Valley]] of [[Finland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www4.rovaniemi.fi/lapinkavijat/maupertuis/index.html|title=Maupertuis'n astemittaus Tornionlaaksossa 1736-1737|language=Finnish|last=Piippola|first=Takalo|accessdate=2008-03-23|archivedate=11 December 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071211104538/http://www4.rovaniemi.fi/lapinkavijat/maupertuis/index.html}}</ref>

==Mathematics==
* June 8 – [[Leonhard Euler]] writes to [[James Stirling (mathematician)|James Stirling]] describing the [[Euler–Maclaurin formula]], providing a connection between [[integral]]s and [[calculus]].
* [[Leonhard Euler|Euler]] produces the first ''published'' proof of [[Fermat's little theorem|Fermat's "little theorem"]].<ref>''Theorematum Quorundam ad Numeros Primos Spectantium Demonstratio''.</ref>
* Sir [[Isaac Newton]]'s ''[[Method of Fluxions]]'' (1671), describing his method of [[differential calculus]], is first published (posthumously) and [[Thomas Bayes]] publishes a defense of its logical foundations against the criticism of [[George Berkeley]] (anonymously).<ref>''An Introduction to the Doctrine of Fluxions, and a Defence of the Mathematicians Against the Objections of the Author of the Analyst''.</ref>

==Medicine==
* Early 1736 – The “Publick Workhouse and House of Correction” that is to become [[Bellevue Hospital]] in [[New York City]] is ready for occupancy.<ref name="BurrowsWallace1998">{{cite book|last1=Burrows|first1=Edwin G.|last2=Wallace|first2=Mike|title=Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xF4NDALYWSAC|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-974120-5|page=156}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first=Edwin M.|last=Knights |title=Bellevue Hospital |work=History Magazine |url=http://www.history-magazine.com/bellevue.html |access-date=2021-02-06}}</ref>
* c. October – [[Royal Hampshire County Hospital|Winchester County Hospital]], established by [[Prebendary]] [[Alured Clarke (priest)|Alured Clarke]], the first voluntary general hospital in the [[England|English]] provinces.

==Awards==
* [[Copley Medal]]: [[John Theophilus Desaguliers]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Copley Medal {{!}} British scientific award |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=21 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

==Births==
* January 19 – [[James Watt]], Scottish [[mechanical engineer]] (died [[1819 in science|1819]])<ref>{{cite web |title=James Watt {{!}} Biography, Inventions, Steam Engine, Significance, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Watt |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=14 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* January 25 – [[Joseph Louis Lagrange]], [[Piedmont]]-born [[mathematician]] (died [[1813 in science|1813]])
* June 14 – [[Charles-Augustin de Coulomb]], French [[physicist]] (died [[1806 in science|1806]])
* July 12 – [[Louis Lépecq de La Clôture]], French [[epidemiologist]] (died [[1804 in science|1804]])<ref name="BNF">{{cite web |url= https://data.bnf.fr/fr/17791340/louis_lepecq_de_la_cloture/|title=Louis Lépecq de La Clôture (1736-1804) |website=data.bnf.fr |publisher=BNF |access-date=21 October 2020}}</ref>
* August 19 – [[Erland Samuel Bring]], Swedish mathematician (died [[1798 in science|1798]])
* November 3 – [[Christiaan Brunings]], Dutch [[hydraulic engineer]] (died [[1805 in science|1805]])
* [[John Arnold (watchmaker)|John Arnold]], [[Cornwall|Cornish]]-born [[watchmaker]] (died [[1799 in science|1799]])
* [[Honoré Blanc]], French [[gunsmith]] (died [[1801 in science|1801]])

==Deaths==
* September 16 – [[Gabriel Fahrenheit]], German-born Dutch [[physicist]] and [[engineer]] (born [[1686 in science|1686]])
* October 13 – [[Georges Mareschal]], French surgeon (born [[1658 in science|1658]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Mareschal, Georges (1658-1736) |url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15372947f |website=catalogue.bnf.fr |publisher=Bibliothèque Nationale de France |access-date=6 February 2021 |language=fr}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1736 in science| ]]
[[Category:18th century in science]]
[[Category:1730s in science]]