Editing 1745 in science

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The year '''1745 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.

==Astronomy==
* The [[Omega Nebula]], [[Messier 25]], [[Messier 35]], and [[IC 4665]] are discovered by [[Philippe Loys de Chéseaux]].

==Biology==
* [[Charles Bonnet]] publishes his first work on [[entomology]], entitled ''Traité d'insectologie''.

==Geography==
* The [[Cassini projection]], a type of [[map projection]], is described by [[César-François Cassini de Thury]].

==Medicine==
* May 2 – The [[Royal College of Surgeons of England|Company of Surgeons]] separates from the [[Worshipful Company of Barbers|Company of Barbers]] of [[London]].
* The [[Dublin]] Lying-In Hospital is established by [[Bartholomew Mosse]].

==Physics==
* The [[Leyden jar]], a device for storing [[electric charge]], is invented by [[Pieter van Musschenbroek]]. It Is the first [[capacitor]].
* [[Andrew Gordon (Benedictine)|Andrew Gordon]] describes the "whirl", the first electrostatic reaction motor, and "electric chimes", the first instance of the application of what comes to be called electric convection, in his ''Versuch einer Erklarung der Electricitat''.<ref>{{cite book|first=Tom|last=McInally|title=The Sixth Scottish University: The Scots Colleges Abroad: 1575 to 1799|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004214262|year=2011|page=115|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yv4uBMC64tsC&q=electric+motor}}</ref>
* [[Ruđer Bošković]] publishes ''De Viribus Vivis'' in which he tries to find a middle way between [[Isaac Newton|Newton]]'s gravitational theory and [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]]'s [[monadology]], developing a concept of "impenetrability" as a property of hard bodies which explains their behavior in terms of [[force]] rather than [[matter]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Conflict between Atomism and Conservation Theory 1644–1860|first=Wilson L.|last=Scott|location=London|publisher=Macdonald|year=1970|isbn=0-356-02706-6}}</ref>

==Technology==
* The first [[blasting cap]], or detonator, is demonstrated by a [[William Watson (scientist)|William Watson]] of the [[Royal Society]].

==Awards==
* [[Copley Medal]]: [[William Watson (scientist)|William Watson]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Copley Medal {{!}} British scientific award |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=21 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

==Births==
* January 6 – [[Montgolfier brothers|Jacques Étienne Montgolfier]], [[French people|French]] inventor (died [[1799 in science|1799]])
* January 7 – [[Johan Christian Fabricius]], [[Danes|Danish]] [[entomologist]] (died [[1808 in science|1808]])
* January 23 – [[William Jessop]], [[English people|English]] [[civil engineer]] (died [[1814 in science|1814]])
* February 18 – [[Alessandro Volta]], [[Italian people|Italian]] [[physicist]] and [[chemist]] (died [[1827 in science|1827]])
* April 20 – [[Philippe Pinel]], French [[psychiatrist]] (died [[1826 in science|1826]])
* April 26 – [[Johann Anton Güldenstädt]], [[German people|German]] [[naturalist]] and explorer (died [[1781 in science|1781]])
* November 30 – [[Jean-Louis Baudelocque]], French [[obstetrician]] (died [[1810 in science|1810]])
* December 15 – [[Johann Gottfried Koehler]], German [[astronomer]] (died [[1801 in science|1801]])
* December 28 – [[Juan de Ayala]], [[Spanish people|Spanish]] explorer (died [[1797 in science|1797]])
* [[William Cumberland Cruikshank|William Cruikshank]], [[Scotland|Scottish]]-born [[anatomist]] and chemist (died [[1800 in science|1800]])

==Deaths==
* November 30 – [[Johann Bessler]], German inventor (born [[1680 in science|1680]])

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1745 in science| ]]
[[Category:18th century in science]]
[[Category:1740s in science]]