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1748 in science
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] --> {{Year nav topic5|1748|science}} {{Science year nav|1748}} The year '''1748 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events. ==Archaeology== * Rediscovery of the ruins of [[Pompeii]].<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC - History - Ancient History in depth: Pompeii: Its Discovery and Preservation |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/pompeii_rediscovery_01.shtml |website=www.bbc.co.uk |accessdate=18 February 2020}}</ref> ==Chemistry== * [[Thomas Frye]] of the [[Bow porcelain factory]] in [[London]] produces [[bone china]].<ref>Freestone, I. C. (20–24 June 1999). "Science Of Early English Porcelain". ''Sixth Conference and Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society'' '''1'''. Brighton. pp. 11–17.</ref> ==Earth sciences== * Publication in Amsterdam of the [[Neptunian theory]] of French diplomat [[Benoît de Maillet]] (died [[1738 in science|1738]]) in ''Telliamed, ou entretiens d’un philosophe indien avec un missionnaire françois, sur la diminution de la mer, la formation de la terre, l’origine de l’homme...'' as edited by Abbé Jean Baptiste de Mascrier. ==Mathematics== * [[Leonhard Euler]] publishes ''[[Introductio in analysin infinitorum]]'', an introduction to pure analytical [[mathematics]], in Berlin.<ref>{{cite journal|first=C. B.|last=Boyer|authorlink=Carl Boyer|title=The Foremost Textbook of Modern Times|volume=58|issue=4|pages=223–226|journal=[[American Mathematical Monthly]]|doi=10.2307/2306956|publisher=[[Mathematical Association of America]]|jstor=2306956|date=April 1951}}</ref> He calculates the [[mathematical constant]] ''[[e (mathematical constant)|e]]'' to 23 digits<ref>{{cite book|first=Tony|last=Crilly|title=50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know|location=London|publisher=Quercus|year=2007|isbn=978-1-84724-008-8|page=25}}</ref> and presents [[Euler's formula]]. Euler's fifth paper on nautical topics, E137, is also written in this year but not published until [[1750 in science|1750]]. * [[Maria Gaetana Agnesi|Maria Agnesi]] publishes ''Instituzioni analitiche ad uso della gioventù italiana'' in [[Milan]], "regarded as the best introduction extant to the works of Euler".<ref>{{cite book|last=A'Becket|first=John Joseph|chapter=Maria Gaetana Agnesi|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia|volume=1|location=New York|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|year=1907|accessdate=2011-04-27|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01214b.htm}}</ref> * ''approx. date'' – [[Thomas Bayes]] originates [[Bayes' theorem]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Theory That Would Not Die|url=https://archive.org/details/theorythatwouldn0000mcgr|url-access=registration|first=Sharon Bertsch|last=McGrayne|location=New Haven|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-300-16969-0}}</ref> ==Medicine== * [[John Fothergill (1712)|John Fothergill]] publishes ''Account of the Sore Throat, attended with Ulcers'', an early description of [[diphtheria]]. ==Technology== * [[Pierre Le Roy]] invents the [[Escapement#Detent escapement|detent escapement]] in [[watchmaking]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Britten's Watch & Clock Makers' Handbook Dictionary & Guide|edition=15th|page=122|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s-cOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA122}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F7wNQk219KMC&pg=PA348|title=Encyclopedia of Time|first=Samuel L.|last=Macey|page=348}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=thAAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA159|title=A Journal of natural philosophy, chemistry and the arts|page=159|quote=The invention of the detached escapement belongs to P. Le Roy}}</ref> * [[Lewis Paul]] invents a hand machine for wool-carding. ==Publications== * Publication in [[Madrid]] of [[Jorge Juan y Santacilia|Jorge Juan]] and [[Antonio de Ulloa]]'s ''Relación Histórica del Viage a la América Meridionale'', including Ulloa's account of [[platinum]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=pt|title=78: Platinum|work=Elementymology & Elements Multidict|publisher=Elements.vanderkrogt.net|accessdate=2011-11-16}}</ref> * Publication of ''[[Man a Machine]]'' (''L'homme Machine'') by [[Julien Offray de La Mettrie]]. ==Awards== * [[Copley Medal]]: [[James Bradley]]<ref>{{cite web |title=James Bradley {{!}} English astronomer |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Bradley |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=18 February 2020 |language=en}}</ref> * [[Eva Ekeblad]] becomes the first female member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]] ==Births== * February 27 – [[Anders Sparrman]], [[Sweden|Swedish]] [[botanist]] (died [[1820 in science|1820]]) * March 5 – [[Jonas C. Dryander]], Swedish botanist (died [[1810 in science|1810]]) * March 10 – [[John Playfair]], [[Scottish people|Scottish]] scientist (died [[1819 in science|1819]]) * April 12 – [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu]], [[French people|French]] botanist (died [[1836 in science|1836]]) * April 13 – [[Joseph Bramah]], [[English people|English]] inventor (died [[1814 in science|1814]]) * May 10 – [[Louis Pierre Vieillot]], French [[ornithologist]] (died [[1830 in science|1830]]) * June 30 – [[Dominique, comte de Cassini]], French [[astronomer]] (died [[1845 in science|1845]]) * August 8 – [[Johann Friedrich Gmelin]], German [[naturalist]] (died [[1804 in science|1804]]) * December 9 – [[Claude Louis Berthollet]], French [[chemist]] (died [[1822 in science|1822]]) ==Deaths== * January 1 – [[Johann Bernoulli]], Swiss mathematician (born [[1667 in science|1667]]) * November – [[Aleksei Chirikov]], Russian explorer (born [[1703 in science|1703]]) * December 27 – [[Edmund Weaver (astronomer)|Edmund Weaver]], English astronomer (born c.[[1683 in science|1683]]) ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:1748 in science| ]] [[Category:18th century in science]] [[Category:1740s in science]]
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