Editing 1756

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1756}}
{{Year nav|1756}}
[[File:Seven Years' War Collage.jpg|thumb|250px|[[May 17]]: The [[Seven Years' War]] begins.]]
{{C18 year in topic}}
[[File:eliabeth lanceret.jpg|thumb|250px|[[July 30]]: [[Empress Elizabeth]] of [[Russian Empire|Russia]] opens the newly built [[Catherine Palace]].]]
{{Year article header|1756}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January–March ===
* [[January 16]] – The [[Anglo-Prussian alliance (1756)#Treaty|Treaty of Westminster]] is signed between [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]] and [[Prussia]], guaranteeing the neutrality of the [[Electorate of Hanover]], controlled by King [[George II of Great Britain]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology318">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/318 318]}}</ref>
* [[January 27]] – [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is born in [[Salzburg]], [[Austria]], to [[Anna Maria Mozart|Anna Maria]] and [[Leopold Mozart]].
* [[February 7]] – [[Guaraní War]]: The leader of the [[Guaraní people|Guaraní]] rebels, [[Sepé Tiaraju]], is killed in a skirmish with Spanish and Portuguese troops.<ref>{{Cite book|title=They built Utopia: the Jesuit missions in Paraguay, 1610-1768 |author=Reiter, Frederick J. |date=1995|publisher=Scripta Humanistica|isbn=1-882528-11-5|location=Potomac, Md.|page=194|oclc=32427398}}</ref>
* [[February 10]] – The massacre of the [[Guaraní people|Guaraní]] rebels in the [[Jesuit reduction]] of Caaibaté takes place in [[Brazil]] after their leader, Noicola Neenguiru, defies an ultimatum to surrender by 2:00 in the afternoon.<ref>{{cite book|first=David|last=Marley|title=Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the Present|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2008|page=414}}</ref> On February 7, Neenguiru's predecessor [[Sepé Tiaraju]] has been killed in a brief skirmish.  As two o'clock arrives, a combined force of Spanish and Portuguese troops makes an assault on the first of the Seven Towns established as Jesuit missions.  Defending their town with cannons made out of [[bamboo]], the Guaraní suffer 1,511 dead, compared to three Spaniards and two Portuguese killed in battle.<ref>{{cite book|first=Barbara|last=Ganson|title=The Guaraní Under Spanish Rule in the Río de la Plata|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=2005|pages=107–108}}</ref>
* [[February 14]] – [[Battle of Vijaydurg]]: The [[Maratha Navy]], that has controlled the western coast of [[India]] for the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]] for more than a century, is destroyed by British attackers fighting for the [[East India Company]].  On orders of [[Royal Navy]] Admiral [[Charles Watson (Royal Navy officer)|Charles Watson]], the British capture a Maratha ship (the former British warship HMS ''Restoration''), set it on fire, and then float the burning vessel into the [[Vijaydurg Port]] where most of Maratha Admiral Tulaji Angre's ships are anchored.  The fire soon spreads to the other ships, destroying one large warship armed with 74 cannons, eight [[Grab (ship)|''gurabs'']] of 200 tonnes apiece, and sixty ''galbat'' ships.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Anglo-Maratha Struggle for Empire: The Importance of Maritime Power|first=Col. Anil|last=Athale|journal=Indian Defence Review|date=April–June 2017}}</ref>
* [[March 17]] – [[St. Patrick's Day]] is celebrated in [[New York City]] for the first time (at the Crown and Thistle Tavern).

=== April–June ===
* [[April 1]] – [[Yirmisekizzade Mehmed Said Pasha]] resigns as [[Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire]]. He is replaced by Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha, who has been Grand Vizier from 1752 to 1755.
* [[April 12]] – [[Siege of Fort St Philip (1756)|Siege of Fort St Philip]] begins when the French under [[Armand de Vignerot du Plessis]], Duke of Richelieu, land near Port [[Mahón]] on [[Menorca]] and besiege the British garrison here in a prelude to the Seven Years' War.
* [[May 17]] – The [[Seven Years' War]] formally begins, when [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]] declares war on [[Kingdom of France|France]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology318"/>
* [[May 20]] – [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Minorca (1756)|Battle of Minorca]] – The British fleet under [[John Byng]] is defeated by the French under [[Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière]].
* [[June 20]] – A [[garrison]] of the [[British Army]] in [[India]] is imprisoned in the [[Black Hole of Calcutta]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology318"/>
* [[June 22]] – The [[Coup of 1756]], an attempted [[coup d'état]] planned by [[Louisa Ulrika of Prussia|Queen Louisa Ulrika]] of [[Sweden]], to abolish the rule of the [[Riksdag of the Estates]] and reinstate [[absolute monarchy]] in Sweden with the support of the ''[[Hovpartiet]]'', is exposed and subdued.
* [[June 25]] –  [[The Marine Society]] is founded in [[London]], the world's oldest seafarers' charity.<ref>{{cite web|title=History|url=http://www.marine-society.org/history.aspx|publisher=Marine Society|access-date=2012-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120121024741/http://www.marine-society.org/history.aspx|archive-date=2012-01-21}}</ref>
* [[June 29]] – [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Siege of Fort St Philip (1756)|Siege of Fort St Philip]] at Port [[Mahón]]: The British garrison in [[Menorca]] surrenders to the French after two months' siege by the Duke of Richelieu.

=== July–September ===
* [[July 30]] – [[Bartolomeo Rastrelli]] presents the newly built [[Catherine Palace]] at [[Tsarskoye Selo]] to Empress [[Elizabeth of Russia]] and her court.
* [[August 14]] – [[Seven Years' War]]: [[French and Indian War]] – [[Fort Oswego]] falls to the French.
* [[August 29]] – [[Frederick II of Prussia]] invades [[Electorate of Saxony|Saxony]], beginning the [[Third Silesian War]] within the Seven Years' War on the European continent.
* [[September 2]] – [[Abu l-Hasan Ali I]], [[List of Beys of Tunis|Bey of Tunis]] is forcibly removed after 23 years as the ruler of the North African emirate by his cousins, who are avenging the overthrow and execution of their father, [[Al-Husayn I ibn Ali|Husayn]] in 1735. Hasan Ali surrenders to the rebels and is imprisoned in [[Algiers]], then executed on September 22 on orders of the new Bey of Tunis, [[Muhammad I ar-Rashid]].

=== October–December ===
* [[October 1]] – [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Lobositz]] – Frederick defeats an [[Archduchy of Austria|Austrian]] army under Marshal [[Maximilian Ulysses Browne|Maximilian Ulysses, Reichsgraf von Browne]].
* [[October 14]] – An "Agreement of Friendship and Trade" is signed by [[Sultan]] [[Osman III]] and [[King]] [[Frederick V of Denmark|Frederick V]]. Denmark appoints an extraordinary representative to the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ees.dk/db/files/praesentationsbrochure_tyrkiet.pdf |title=Danish Business Delegation to Turkey |publisher=Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs|access-date=2010-12-11|quote=Trade between our two countries can be dated centuries back. In 1756 Denmark and The Ottoman Empire signed a treaty on commerce and friendship, which paved the way for closer ties both human and commercial between our two people...|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601122436/http://www.ees.dk/db/files/praesentationsbrochure_tyrkiet.pdf|archive-date=2011-06-01}}</ref>
* [[November 16]] – [[Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle|Thomas Pelham-Holles]], the Duke of Newcastle, is forced to resign as [[Prime Minister of Great Britain]] after the British lose the [[Battle of Minorca (1756)|Battle of Minorca]] to the French. The office of Prime Minister [[Pitt–Devonshire ministry|remains vacant for eight months]] with [[William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham|William Pitt]] and [[William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire|the Duke of Devonshire]] leading the cabinet. 
* [[December]] – [[Seven Years' War]] – [[French and Indian War]]: Militias of the [[Royal Colony of North Carolina]] build a fort on the province's western frontier to protect it against natives allied with the French. The fort is named [[Fort Dobbs (North Carolina)|Fort Dobbs]] in honor of North Carolina Governor [[Arthur Dobbs]], who persuaded the North Carolina legislature to fund the construction a year earlier.
* [[December 14]] – Rev. [[John Home]]'s tragedy ''[[Douglas (play)|Douglas]]'' is performed for the first time in [[Edinburgh]], with overwhelming success, in spite of the opposition of the local church [[presbytery (church polity)|presbytery]], who summon [[Alexander Carlyle]] to answer for having attended its representation. However, it fails in its early promise to set up a new Scottish dramatic tradition.

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Frederick II of Prussia]] forces his country's [[peasant]]s to grow the unpopular and obscure [[potato]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Robinson|first=Matt|date=4 February 2021|access-date=7 October 2024|archive-date=11 December 2023|title=Did Frederick The Great Introduce The Potato To Germany? – Mythbusting Berlin|url=https://www.berlinexperiences.com/did-frederick-the-great-introduce-the-potato-to-germany-mythbusting-berlin/ |website=Berlin Experiences|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211004740/https://www.berlinexperiences.com/did-frederick-the-great-introduce-the-potato-to-germany-mythbusting-berlin/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The first chocolate-candy factory begins operations in [[Holy Roman Empire|Germany]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Grivetti|first1=Louis E.|last2=Shapiro|first2=Howard-Yana|author-link2=Howard-Yana Shapiro|title=Chocolate: History, Culture, and Heritage|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2009|isbn=978-0-470-12165-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zwVS5gsJMUcC&pg=PA1858}}</ref>
* The town of [[Gus-Khrustalny (town)|Gus-Khrustalny]] is established in [[Russian Empire|Russia]], with the setting up of a [[crystal glass]] factory.<ref>{{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|page=114}}</ref>
* [[Leopold Mozart]] publishes his book on his method for learning to play the [[violin]], ''[[Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule]]''.</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[January 19]] – [[Guillaume-Antoine Olivier]], French entomologist (d. [[1814]])
[[File:Croce-Mozart-Detail.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]]]
* [[January 27]] – [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]], Austrian composer (d. [[1791]])
* [[February 20]] – [[Angelica Schuyler Church]], American socialite, daughter of Genl.[[Philip Schuyler]], sister to [[Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton]] (d. [[1814]])
* [[March 3]] – [[William Godwin]], English writer (d. [[1836]])
* [[March 4]] – Sir [[Henry Raeburn]], Scottish painter (d. [[1823]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Sir Henry Raeburn (1756-1823) |url=https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/learning/hall-of-fame/hall-of-fame-a-z/raeburn-henry |website=National Records of Scotland |access-date=24 June 2022 |language=English |date=31 May 2013}}</ref>
* [[May 10]] – [[Singu Min]], king of Myanmar (k. [[1782]])
* [[May 18]] – [[Ignaz Aurelius Fessler]], Hungarian-born court councillor, minister to Czar Alexander I of Russia (d. [[1839]])
* [[May 27]] – King [[Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria]] (d. [[1825]])
* [[May 31]] – [[Abbé Faria]], Luso-Goan Catholic monk, student of hypnotism (d. [[1819]])
* [[June 6]] – [[John Trumbull]], American painter (d. [[1843]])
* [[June 20]] – [[Joseph Martin Kraus]], German-Swedish composer (d. [[1792]])
* [[July 7]] – [[Gustaf Adolf Reuterholm]], Swedish statesman (d. [[1813]])
* [[July 31]] – [[Dheeran Chinnamalai]], Tamil king (d. [[1805]])
* [[August 1]] – [[Pierre Louis Prieur]], French politician (d. [[1827]])
* [[August 29]] – [[Heinrich Graf von Bellegarde]], Austrian field marshal, statesman (d. [[1845]])
* [[September 7]] – [[Willem Bilderdijk]], Dutch author (d. [[1831]])
* [[September 13]] – [[Benedikte Naubert]], German writer (d. [[1819]])
* [[September 23]] – [[John Loudon McAdam]], Scottish engineer, road-builder (d. [[1836]])
* [[October 21]] – [[Philippine Engelhard]], German writer, scholar (d. [[1831]])
* [[November 3]] – [[Pierre Laromiguière]], French philosopher (d. [[1837]])
* [[December 7]] – [[John Littlejohn (preacher)|John Littlejohn]], British-American sheriff and Methodist preacher (d. [[1836]])<ref>{{Cite book |last=Andrews |first=Dee E. |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt7ssfd |title=The Methodists and Revolutionary America, 1760-1800: The Shaping of an Evangelical Culture |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |year=2000 |jstor=j.ctt7ssfd |isbn=9780691092980 |access-date=November 20, 2023 |archive-date=November 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120183703/https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt7ssfd |url-status=live }}</ref>
* date unknown
** [[Maria Pellegrina Amoretti]], [[Italy|Italian]] lawyer (d. [[1787]])
** [[Gideon Morris]], [[trans-Appalachia]]n pioneer (d. [[1798]])
** [[Hilchen Sommerschild]], Norwegian educator (d. [[1831]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 17]] – [[Isabella Simons]], banker in the Austrian Netherlands (b. [[1694]])
* [[January 18]] – [[Francis George of Schönborn-Buchheim]] (b. [[1682]])
* [[February 22]] – [[Akdun]], Chinese Manchu statesman (b. [[1685]])
[[File:Eliza-haywood.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Eliza Haywood]]]]
* [[February 25]] – [[Eliza Haywood]], English actress, writer (b. [[1693]])
* [[March 1]] – [[Antonio Bernacchi]], Italian opera singer (b. [[1685]])
* [[April 4]] – [[Marie Sophie de Courcillon]], French noblewoman and Duchess of Rohan-Rohan, Princess of Soubise by marriage (b. [[1713]])
* [[April 10]] – [[Giacomo Antonio Perti]], Italian composer (b. [[1661]])
* [[April 18]] – [[Jacques Cassini]], French astronomer (b. [[1677]])
* [[July 1]] – [[Giambattista Nolli]], Italian architect (b. [[1701]])
* [[July 24]] – [[George Vertue]], English engraver, antiquary (b. [[1684]])
* [[September 8]] – [[Jonathan Nichols, Jr.]], Rhode Island colonial deputy governor (b. [[1712]])
* [[September 22]] – [[Abu l-Hasan Ali I]], ruler of Tunisia (b. [[1688]])
* [[October 13]] – [[John Henley (clergyman)|John Henley]], English minister (b. [[1692]])
* [[October 15]] – [[William Grimston, 1st Viscount Grimston]], Irish noble (b. [[1684]])
* [[October 26]] – [[Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière]], governor of New France (b. [[1693]])
* [[October 28]] – [[Charles Somerset, 4th Duke of Beaufort]] (b. [[1709]])
* [[December 8]] – [[William Stanhope, 1st Earl of Harrington]], English statesman, diplomat (b. c. [[1690]])
* [[December 11]] – [[Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress]] (b. [[1701]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Bernard Accama]], Dutch painter (b. [[1697]])
** [[Frehat Bat Avraham]], Jewish Poet
** [[William Beverley]], American legislator, civil servant, planter, and landowner (b. [[1696]])<ref name="W&M1">{{cite book | last=William and Mary Quarterly | author-link=William and Mary Quarterly | year=2006 | title=Genealogies of Virginia Families from the William and Mary College Quarterly | publisher=Clearfield Company, Inc., by Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc. | location=Baltimore | isbn=978-0-8063-0955-2 | oclc=79476264 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-omPLYeCtsQC | via=[[Google Books]] | archive-date=2016-04-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406062103/https://books.google.com/books?id=-omPLYeCtsQC | url-status=live|page=887}}</ref><ref name="Gwathmey3">{{cite book | last=Gwathmey | first=John Hastings | year=1979 | title=Twelve Virginia Counties: Where the Western Migration Began | publisher=Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc. | location=Baltimore | isbn=978-0-8063-0861-6 | oclc=5777452 | url=https://archive.org/details/twelvevirginiaco00gwat | url-access=registration | via=[[Internet Archive]]|page=175 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1756}}
[[Category:1756| ]]

[[Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar]]